Uma ungumnikazi wesidalwa esihle, esifudumele njengekati, noma usuzokuba yiso, ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukuzijwayeza ngobungozi obungaba khona. Kubalulekile ukuqonda hhayi kuphela ubunzima bokukhathalela isilwane, imibandela yokondliwa kwaso, kepha futhi nokugula okungaba khona. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngesifo esivame kakhulu segciwane emakati - i-calcivirosis. Futhi ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane ngesikhathi, kanye nokugoma.
Izimbangela zalesi sifo
I-Calcivirosis yisifo segciwane esithinta kuphela umndeni we-feline. Leli gciwane alidluliselwa kubantu noma kwezinye izilwane, kepha lingaba nemiphumela engemnandi kakhulu ekatini uqobo, kusukela ekuvuvukeni kwamalunga kuya kwinyumoniya nokufa.
Lesi sifo siyingozi ikakhulukazi uma singatholakalanga ngesikhathi, okungukuthi, lapho sisaqala.
I-Calicivirus, noma i-feline calicivirus, yisifo segciwane esibangelwa i-Feline calicivirus. Ayikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi aphezulu, ikhula kahle ezimweni ezinomswakama. Ngesikhathi esomile, ingahlala isebenza kuze kube yizinsuku ezi-3, ezingeni lokushisa elinethezekile - kusuka -3 ° C kuye + 10 ° C, ihlala isebenza kuze kube yizinsuku eziyishumi. Iningi lama-antiseptics alinamandla okulwa nalo, futhi izinga lokusakazeka lingaba likhulu uma isilwane esinegciwane sihlangana nabanye abantu.
Izimpawu zifaka ukuthimula, umkhuhlane, ukugcwala amathe ngokweqile, kanye nezilonda nokushwabana kwezicubu zolimi nezomlomo. Lesi sifo, ngeshwa, sivame kakhulu kuleli qembu lezilwane. Futhi ubunzima bayo kuma-30% - 40% wamacala abangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zokuphefumula. Futhi namakati anqobe i-calcivirosis asengozini yokuphatha asele kanye nabathwali begciwane abangavela impilo yabo yonke.
Ikati eliphilile lingatheleleka ngezindlela eziningana. Okokuqala ukuxhumana ngqo nesilwane esigulayo. Inkinga ukuthi ezigabeni zokuqala noma ngezikhathi zokuzola, umnikazi angahle angazi nokuthi ikati liyagula. Ngakho-ke, ingozi yokutheleleka iyanda lapho uvakashela imitholampilo yezilwane, amahhotela ezilwane, kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwesilwane ekuhlanganiseni. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu ezinjengokuthimula kanye namafinyila ngokweqile avela emakhaleni nasemlonyeni, amathe asevele angcolisiwe futhi angasatshalaliswa ngokuthimula.
Ukutheleleka ngokuxhumana okungaqondile nakho kungenzeka. Isibonelo, ngokusebenzisa amabhokisi okulahla okwabiwe, izitsha zamanzi, amakhekhe, nezinye izimpahla ze-feline. Inkathazo enjalo ingenzeka hhayi kuphela endaweni yokukhosela noma ehhotela lezilwane, kepha nasekhaya. Isibonelo, uma izilwane zihamba emgwaqweni. Noma umhlali omusha ontofontofo walethwa endlini, yize kungenazo izimpawu ezibonakalayo. Isilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokuvikela kuleli cala kuzoba ukuhlanzeka okwanele nokuphefumula kwegumbi, kanye nokuchayeka ngokweqile kwabahlali abasha endaweni ehlukaniswe namanye amakati izinsuku ezingama-5-7.
Yimaphi amakati asengozini
Umthombo oyinhloko wokudluliswa kwe-calcivirosis ukuxhumana ngqo namakati agulayo noma abathwali baleli gciwane, ngoba lidluliselwa ngamathe nendle, noma ngabe lincane kakhulu.
Indlela ejwayelekile yokutheleleka ukuxhumana nesilwane esigulayo noma izinto zasendlini yaso. Kumathoyizi, ithileyi noma indawo yokulala, leli gciwane lingaqhubeka kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-28, inqobo nje uma kukhona induduzo eyanele, okungukuthi umswakama.
Lesi sifo sicasulwa yi-pathogen yegciwane, ngakho-ke, izilwane ezinokuzivikela komzimba ezibuthakathaka ziwela eqenjini eliyingozi enkulu. Lawa amakati, amakati acindezelwe ama-immuno namadala, kanye "nabantu" abakhululekile abahamba ngokungalawuleki emgwaqweni. Kukhona nengozi enkulu yokutheleleka ezilwaneni ezingondlekile ezithinta kabi izimo zokuphila. Isibonelo, ukuhlala endaweni epholile, enomswakama ngokudla okungajwayelekile kanye nengcindezi ejwayelekile.
Kodwa-ke, noma yiliphi elinye ilungu lomndeni we-feline linethuba lokutheleleka. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngesikhathi esifanele nodokotela wezilwane nokugoma i-calcivirosis ukuvikela ukutheleleka.
Izimpawu ze-calcivirosis emakati
I-Calicivirus (i-FCV) uhlobo lomkhuhlane we-feline. Ngakho-ke, kubonakala njengesifo esibucayi sokuphefumula esithinta indawo ephezulu yokuphefumula yekati, okungumphumela wokuqubuka kwesifo se-sinusitis ne-rhinitis. Leli gciwane lingena emzimbeni wesilwane ngomlomo noma ngamakhala, lihlale ezicutshini ze-lymphoid eziqonde ebusweni bepharynx. Le ndlela ingathinta kanjani amaphaphu, okufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni i-pneumonia. Kungenxa yomndeni weCaliciviridae, uhlobo lweVesivirus.
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zomkhuhlane, i-calicivirus izibonakalisa ezilwaneni ngezindlela ezahlukene. Izinkomba zomzimba zomuntu ngamunye zesilwane nazo zidlala indima, okungukuthi, ubudala namandla okuzivikela. Isithombe somtholampilo sehlukile kumuntu ngamunye. Ezimweni ezingavamile, amakati angafa ngaphandle kwezimpawu nhlobo.
Esigabeni sokuqala sokutheleleka, i-malaise emnene kuphela ebonakalayo. Izimpawu zifaka ukwenqaba ukudla, ukuphatha, ubuthakathaka, imfiva (esimweni sezilwane ezindala ezinokuzivikela okuqinile, akubalulekile - ngo-1-2 °, nakuma-kittens aze afike ku-40 °). Isimo singase sihambisane nokuhlanza okungajwayelekile futhi okuncane, okuphindaphindayo nokuningi, noma ukungabikho kwaso. Le ingozi enkulu yesifo.
Ngoba ngesikhathi lapho kudingeka ukwelashwa okunamandla, lesi sifo cishe asikwazi ukubona noma ukudideka kalula nesinye isifo. Izimpawu ku-2-3 wokuqala zifana ncamashi nobuthi obuncane bokudla, imikhuhlane noma izilonda ezibandayo.
Uphawu oluqinisekile lokuxilongwa okungelona elebhu ukutholakala kwezilonda zomlomo.
Futhi, lesi sifo sihambisana nokudonsa ngamathe kakhulu, amafinyila avela emakhaleni, ukubonakala kwe-conjunctivitis, kanye nokudangala okujwayelekile.
Izinkinga zemiphumela yegciwane emzimbeni zingadala ukukhula kwesifo samaphaphu noma isifo sokuqaqamba kwamalunga, kepha, ngenhlanhla, ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo zibanga umkhuhlane nokukhubazeka okulandelayo. Ubuhlungu nezilonda emlonyeni kungaholela ekwenqabeni ukudla namanzi.
Izimpawu zivame ukuvela phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbili nezingu-10 ngemuva kokutheleleka.
Umjikelezo omkhulu wegciwane uhlala amasonto amane, ngemuva kwalokho amakati amaningi ayalulama, yize amacala okushintshela kwalesi sifo abe yithwali legciwane impilo yonke, okungamahlalakhona. Cishe ama-80% amakati ayayeka ukusabalalisa igciwane ezinsukwini ezingama-75 ngemuva kokuba selelapheke ngokuphelele. Ama-20% asele ahlala ephethe impilo iminyaka eminingi, noma impilo yabo yonke.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kuye kwatholakala uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu noluyingozi lwaleli gciwane olubizwa nge-VS-FCV. Izimpawu zayo zingaphezu kwalezo esezishiwo:
- i-jaundice (ukuphuzi kwesikhumba);
- ukuvuvukala kobuso nezitho zomzimba;
- ukubonakala kwezilonda emapayipini wezidladla, impumulo nezindlebe;
- ukulahleka kwezinwele;
- ukuvela kwe-gingivitis noma i-stomatitis.
Uma isilwane esinegciwane singakutholi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi nokwenele, igciwane lingadala ukwehluleka kwezinso ngisho nokufa.
Izimpawu eziningi zinikeza isithombe esifiphele, futhi kuphela izilonda namathumba emlonyeni okwenza kube lula ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuqhuba izifundo zaselabhorethri, ezenziwa kumasiko amasampula ezicubu athathwe emgodini womlomo nas nasopharynx.
Amakhambi asekhaya namakhambi awasebenzi ekwelapheni lesi sifo se-feline. Izifo ezithathelwanayo emakati akulula ukuzibona nokuzibona. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuvela ukusola okuncane noma ukugula esilwaneni, kufanele uvakashele udokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Uchwepheshe kuphela onolwazi olwanele nolwazi oludingekayo lokuxilonga nokuqeda lesi sifo. Kodwa isinyathelo sokuqala sokwehlisa ubungozi bokutheleleka noma ukululama ukuqinisa amasosha akho omzimba.
Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa
Ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ubukhona begciwane nokukhomba uhlobo lwalo oluthile, ukwelashwa okwanele kufanele kunqunywe ngokushesha. Awukho umuthi othize onjalo oqinisekisiwe ukubhubhisa igciwane. Kepha kunezidakamizwa eziningi ezihlose ukwelashwa ngezimpawu nokusekelwa kwama-immunomodulatory kuwo wonke umjikelezo wezifo. Ukwelashwa okunjalo kusiza ukubhekana nalesi sifo, kanye nokugwema izinkinga ezingaba khona.
I-hydration eyanele nayo ibalulekile. Ngakho-ke, uma isilwane senqaba ukuphuza sisodwa, isilinganiso esithile sokuphathwa ngenkani ngeshubhu siyabekwa, ngokwesibonelo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, amakati athinteka yi-calcivirosis athola ukumnika ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi nokugcwalisa umzimba ngezakhi zomzimba ezibalulekile. Ukuvimbela ukwengeza ukutheleleka kwesibili, ukudla okungalawulwa kwama-antibiotic kufanele kugwenywe. Ukwelashwa okujulile nokwesikhathi eside kuvame ukuphumelela, yize kukhona ithuba lokufa.
Ukulwa nemiphumela yokutheleleka, kubalulekile ukubeka imishanguzo efanelekile yokulwa namagciwane. Udokotela ubeka ama-antibiotic kuphela kusuka esithombeni somtholampilo sezinkinga ezikhona. Kanye nale mithi kukhonjiswa ukusetshenziswa kwama-antihistamine okuvimbela ukungezwani komzimba, kanye nokusiza ukuqeda ukuvuvukala kwepheshana lokuphefumula.
Ukudla okunomsoco kubalulekile. Uma ikati linqaba ukudla ngenxa yezinhlungu, kunconywa ukuthi ulinike ukudla okuthambile, okumanzi futhi okunephunga. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzofanele usebenzise indlela yokudla isirinji. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubalulekile ukuthi unakekele ukuthi ungalimazi izindonga zomhosha futhi ungabangeli ukucindezelwa kwengqondo kwengqondo ngaphakathi kwekati, okuthinta kabi isimo sokuzivikela - isitha esikhulu sokutheleleka ngegciwane.
Endabeni ye-conjunctivitis noma uketshezi oluningi lwe-mucus ngokusebenzisa ama-acrylic passage, kufanele ahlanzwe futhi acutshungulwe njalo. Udokotela uzosiza ukunquma umuthi othile, ngokuya ngesithombe somtholampilo kanye nezifiso zomnikazi. Futhi, ukubulala amagciwane ngesikhathi esifanele kuzosiza ukugwema ukungezwa kokutheleleka kwebhaktheriya. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukushisa nomswakama yizona zinto ezingamadlelandawonye kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amabhaktheriya e-pathogenic.
Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, izimo zesilwane nazo zibalulekile. Ikati eligulayo kufanele lihlukaniswe nezinye izifo ngokuhlala endaweni entofontofo, eyomile enomoya omuhle noma umoya ojwayelekile.
Futhi, kuzobe kungadingekile ukwenza ucwaningo olwengeziwe ngezifo ezinjenge-leukemia kanye ne-immunodeficiency. Ngoba lezi zifo zenza buthakathaka ukuzivikela komzimba, okwenza kube lula ukunamathisela noma yiluphi uhlobo lokutheleleka.
Ngaphandle kokuqukethwe kwemininingwane nokutholakala kwemanyuwali kwi-Intanethi, akufanele uhlanganyele ekwelapheni lesi sifo. Lolu hlobo lwezinto ezibonakalayo lungafundisa kakhulu. Futhi uma kuvela izimpawu zokungahambi kahle kwesilwane esifuywayo, kubalulekile ukukukhombisa kudokotela.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
I-Calcivirosis ithinta izilwane ezingenakunyakaziswa. Uma buthakathaka imisebenzi yokuvikela yomzimba, isifo siba sibi ngokwengeziwe, izitho ziyahlupheka futhi imiphumela iba mibi ngokwengeziwe.
Lesi sifo singathinta uhlelo lokugaya ukudla, ukuphefumula, imisipha, noma sizibonakalise ezilondeni zezinambuzane zamehlo. Eqinisweni, lokhu kuvezwa ukukhubazeka, ukuvuvukala kwamalunga, izilonda zamathumbu, ukukhula kwe-rhinitis noma i-pneumonia.
I-pneumonia iyinkinga eyingozi kakhulu ye-calcivirosis, ngaphandle kokufa.
Imiphumela ye-calcivirosis yekati
Amakati athintekile aphatha i-parvovirus, edluliselwa nge-mucosa yomlomo nangomlomo noma nge-placenta esibelethweni isuka kumama iye ku-kitten. Ngemuva kokutheleleka, ingena engqamuzaneni leseli, lapho yanda khona ngokushesha. Kungathatha izinsuku ezimbili kuya kweziyishumi ngaphambi kokuqala kokutheleleka. Leli gciwane lithelela amangqamuzana emathunjini, umnkantsha kanye nohlelo lwe-lymphatic, likhishwa emzimbeni ngendlela yendle, uketshezi lwamakhala nomchamo. Leli gciwane lithathwa njengemelana ngokweqile futhi liyathathelana, futhi lingahlala emzimbeni wesilwane kuze kube yimpilo yaso yonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-feline calicivirus iyinkinga ethathelwanayo engashintsha kalula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ubhekana nezinguquko, ajwayele imvelo, ngaleyo ndlela angabi sengozini yemithi ejwayelekile. Lezi zinguquko ziholele ekubeni khona kwenani elikhulu lamagciwane alesi sifo, okwenza kube nzima ukukhomba nokwelapha ngokunembile.
Okuxaka kakhulu, ukuthi ngisho amakati agonyelwe lesi sifo angasithola, ikakhulukazi uma kunikwa amandla okuguquka kwegciwane. Vele, ukugoma kwehlisa kakhulu amathuba, yingakho kubhekwa njengokuphoqelekile. Futhi kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuthi isilwane esigonyiwe silwe nalesi sifo.
Ingozi kubantu
I-Calcivirosis ayidluliselwa kubantu noma kwesinye isilwane ngaphandle kwesihlava. Ngakho-ke, kuphephe ngokuphelele kubo.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
Naphezu kokumelana nokukhohlisa kwegciwane, ukugoma ngesikhathi esifanele kuyindlela yokuvimbela ephoqelekile. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kumantshontsho amasosha omzimba awo angakwazi ukumelana nalesi sifo. Lokhu makungavikeli ukutheleleka ngo-100%, kepha kuzosiza ukudlulisa lesi sifo kalula.
Akufanele sikhohlwe ngokusabalala kwegciwane. Uma uthatha isinqumo sokuthola ikati elilahlekile, kufanele lihlale lodwa ekamelweni kwezinye izilwane kuze kube kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, kwanele ukulinda isikhathi esilindelekile sokufukamela.
Amakati anokutheleleka kwe-feline calicivirus okufanele ahlukaniswe nawo wonke amanye ukuvimbela ubhadane. Isilwane ngasinye esigulayo kufanele sibe nesitsha saso, ugqoko nezinye izinto zokuhlanzeka. Izinto zasendlini zekati elinegciwane kufanele zivikelwe amagciwane njalo ngemikhiqizo esebenzayo kepha ephephile yesilwane uqobo.
Ngemuva kokuthinta isilwane esigulayo, shintsha izingubo ugeze izandla kahle. Okokuqala, igciwane ngezandla ezigcotshwe ku-mucus lingafinyelela kwezinye izilwane ezifuywayo zomndeni we-feline, futhi okwesibili, ungatheleleka ngezifo zebhaktheriya ezihlanganisiwe. Isibonelo, i-stomatitis, njll.
Igumbi lokuhlukanisa kufanele lingene umoya noma linikeze umoya omncane, umswakama ophansi namazinga okushisa omoya apholile. Ukuhlanza okumanzi njalo kubalulekile. Inhlanzeko eqinile izosiza ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesifo.
Ukugonywa kubalulekile ekuphepheni nasempilweni yesilwane sakho. Ngale ndlela elula, ungagwema izifo, zombili ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye namagciwane, okuthi kwezinye izimo zibulale. Umuthi wokugoma usiza ukwakha amasosha omzimba athile ukulwa nezifo, ukunciphisa amathuba okutheleleka noma ukwandisa amathuba okululama.
Imithi yokugoma yenzelwe ukusiza amasosha omzimba alwe nezifo ngokunikeza ingxenye encane ye-anti-virus, bacteria noma i-microorganism. Ngokwethulwa kwale nto kungasebenzi noma kungasebenzi, umzimba uqala inqubo yokukhiqiza amasosha omzimba - izinto zokuzivikela ezidingekayo ukulwa nalesi sifo.
Umuthi wokuqala wokugoma kufanele unikezwe ngemuva kokulunyulwa, lapho izinyane lekati linezinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Ukugoma okulandelayo kuyadingeka ngenyanga. Ngemuva kwalokho, amazinyane egonywa unyaka wonke.Ukuze uqhubeke nokuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa, kubalulekile ukuphinda ukugoma kumjikelezo weminyaka engu-1-3.
Ngokuqondene nesikhathi esifinyelela ezinyangeni ezi-2, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka. Izingane ezinikezwa ubisi lwebele zithola ama-antibodies afanayo emzimbeni womama onobisi.
Amakati angagonyiwe maningi amathuba okuthi angenwe yilesi sifo kunezilwane ezithola imigomo minyaka yonke. Ukusola kokutheleleka nge-calcivirosis kungafakazelwa ngokuhlolwa kwendle noma ukuhlolwa okukhethekile kwe-DNA. Futhi, ukutholakala kwama-antibodies kungatholakala egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa ngakunye kwamathumbu amancane, amaphaphu, izinso, nobende kunganikeza ukuzethemba okukhulu.
Amakati atholakala futhi aphathwe ngesikhathi esifanele anethuba elihle lokululama ngokugcwele. Izimpawu zokuqala zingabonakala ngokubhekisisa isilwane. Uma kwenzeka izinguquko ezingavamile ekuziphatheni, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wezilwane.
Ukunaka ukugula kubalulekile! Izilwane eziphulukiswe ngempumelelo kuze kufike emavikini ayisithupha kuya kwayi-6, noma ngisho nokuphila konke, zingaba ngabathwali abaphephile nabangaba abasabalalisi begciwane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa isilwane, futhi ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi sokwelashwa, yenza izivivinyo ezidingekayo zelebhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyelapheka.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi awukwazi ukuphatha isilwane ngokwakho. Ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile kungaba uphawu lokugula okungathi sína, lapho ukwelashwa kuphuthuma khona. Enkambweni yokwelashwa nokuvimbela, isilwane kufanele sinikezwe ngothando nokunakekelwa, ngoba ukucindezeleka kungumthombo oyinhloko wokuncipha kokuzivikela, isikhali sokuqala sokulwa ne-calcivirosis.
