I-Azawak iyinhlobo yama-greyhound ayivelakancane futhi angavamile ukusabalala eRussia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS. Lezi zilwane ezinomusa nezinomusa, inhloso yazo yangempela ukujaha inyamazane ngejubane lomoya, ngabomdabu base-Afrika abanesimo. Ama-Azawakh aqinile, aqinile futhi athanda inkululeko. Lezi yizinja ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ezifuyelwe ukuzingela nokuqapha. Babaluleke kakhulu ezweni lakubo - eMali naseNigeria, kepha eYurophu lolu hlobo lwaziwa kuphela ngekhulu lama-20.
Umlando wozalo
Umlando we-Azawakh uxhunyaniswe nempucuko yaseNigeria... Kunzima ukusho ukuthi zavela nini ngqo lezi zinja, ezaba ngabangane abathembekile bezimhambuma nabasizi bazo ekuzingeleni. Kodwa-ke, kuyaziwa ukuthi kakade ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, izinja, ezifana nama-Azawakhs anamuhla, zazihamba namaTuaregs ngenkathi ezulazula ezindaweni ezingama-tropical.
Izici zesimo sezulu sendawo, kunalokho zomile futhi zishisa, zenze abakwa-Azawakh banganaki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Futhi ukuzingela izinsephe nezingulube ezindaweni ezisogwadule ezisenyakatho ne-Afrika kwaba yisizathu sokwakhiwa kwengaphandle lalezi zinja futhi kwathuthukisa ijubane lazo lokugijima nokukhuthazela. I-Azawakh iyakwazi ngempela ukugijima nomoya futhi ijubane layo lifinyelela kuma-65 km / h. Kodwa-ke, abakhathali ngisho nangemva kwamahora wokujaha lo mdlalo.
Ngaphandle kokuthi indawo yaseSahel, lapho lezi zinja sezihlale khona isikhathi eside, manje seyikhaya lezifundazwe eziningi, kubandakanya i-Algeria, iSudan, iNigeria, iChad neMali, kuphela izwe lakamuva elaziwa njengezwe lama-Azawakhs. Futhi uhlobo ngokwalo lungaphansi kokulawulwa yiFrance, ngoba nguyena owabhalisa lezi zinja e-ICF.
Kuyathakazelisa! Lawa ma-greyhound athola igama lawo avela egameni lesigodi esisemngceleni weMali neNigeria. Futhi, ama-Azawakhs abizwa nangokuthi ama-African noma ama-Tuareg greyhounds.
Umhlaba ufunde ngalezi zinja ngeminyaka yama-60-70s yekhulu lama-20, lapho amasosha aseFrance, ebuyela ekhaya evela eSahel, aletha ama-greyhounds ayisikhombisa ase-Afrika eFrance, ababa ngabasunguli bomugqa waseFrance walezi zinja. Cishe ngaso leso sikhathi, usomaqhinga waseYugoslavia wathumela ama-Azawakhs amabili ekhaya ngakho-ke kwaqala ukuzalaniswa kweYugoslavia.
Umhlobo lo waqashelwa ngokusemthethweni yi-FCI ngo-1981, ngemuva kwalokho ama-Tuareg greyhounds aqala ukwenziwa kwamanye amazwe ase-Europe: eJalimane, eNetherlands naseSwitzerland. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kwalokhu, ukuthunyelwa kwezinja zabomdabu ezivela eNyakatho Afrika kusaqhubeka, ngoba ngenxa yenani elincane labantu bokuqala base-Azawakhs baseYurophu, amathuba okuzalela aphezulu, awanamthelela omuhle njalo ezingeni lenzalo.
Abathandi beqiniso abasebenza ngokuzalanisa ama-Azawakh abafuni ukuthi inzalo yezilwane ezifuywayo iphenduke ezilwaneni ezinesizotha futhi ezinamandla zibe yiparody yazo: sebephucuke ngokweqile noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, bathola amandla omthethosisekelo ongajwayelekile wohlobo lokuqala. Futhi, ikakhulukazi, abalimi be-Azawakhs abafuni ukuthi lezi zinja zilahlekelwe yizimfanelo zokusebenza ezingenakuqhathaniswa kanye nomlingiswa, okuyisici esifanayo sokuzalwa njengokuvela kwazo okuhlukile.
Incazelo ye-Azawakh
I-Azawakh yindevu elincanyana enezinwele ezimfushane i-Afro-Asian greyhound, eyadalwa emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka edlule ngabazulazuli baseNingizimu Sahara naseSahel. Ngokwesigaba se-ICF, ama-Azawakhs angaphansi kwesigaba sama-greyhound anezinwele ezimfishane.
Amazinga okuzala
Izici ezingaphandle ezihlukile ze-Azawakh ukuvumelana nokoma komthethosisekelo, kanye nama-engeli avulekile amajoyinti kanye nokuqonda okucacile kokwakhiwa kwemigqa.
Ngenxa yokuthi unemilenze emide nomhlane omfishane, ubukeka emkhulu, yize, empeleni, ama-Azawakhs amaningi angahlukaniswa njengama-greyhounds asezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Ukuphakama kwe-Azawakh kusuka ku-55 kuya ku-71 cm lapho kubuna, futhi isisindo singu-13.5-25 kg.
Kuyathakazelisa! Njengamanje, phakathi kwama-Tuareg greyhounds avela e-Europe, kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili: isiFulentshi neYugoslavia, ezihlukile ngomzimba futhi, ngokwengxenye, ngombala.
Ama-Azawakhs odabuka eFrance abukeka eyindida, eshesha futhi enhle, anomoya ovuthayo kanye nokuzethemba okuthuthukile. Lezi zinja ziyaziqhenya, kodwa futhi zihloniphekile. Amakhanda abo abukeka emfishane, nezifinyila zabo zilula. Izinja ezizalisayo zaseFrance kaningi zinezimpawu ezimhlophe.
Ama-Yugoslav Azawakh ahlukaniswa nge-boneiness enkulu, anemilenze eqinile nemihlathi eqinile. Phakathi kwabo, kaningi kunezinja zaseFrance, abantu abanombala oqinile batholakala.
Kodwa-ke, zombili izinhlobo zezinhlobo zabelana ngezici zangaphandle ezilandelayo:
- Ikhanda lincane futhi lide ngogebhezi olubanzi ngokulingene.
- Izindlebe zihlobile, zibanzi ezansi, kunalokho ziyisicaba futhi zincane.
- Amehlo makhulu ngokwanele, atshekile kancane, amile okwe-alimondi. Umbala wabo unoma imuphi umbala onsundu. Ukubukeka kuhlakaniphile, kuqaphile futhi kuyabonisa.
- Ikhala limnyama, noma ukufanisa umbala.
- Amazinyo makhulu futhi amhlophe qhwa, ukuluma kuyisikele.
- Intamo mncane, iphakeme futhi inomusa.
- Ukubuna kuchazwe kahle.
- Ingemuva lifushane, ngokuhambisana nokubuna. Ulayini ongemuva ugobile kancane.
- I-croup ithambeka ngokuqinile.
- I-ribcage imfushane futhi ayinabanzi kakhulu, ngaphansi kwezindololwane, ngezimbambo eziyisicaba nokugoba okubukhali kwe-sternum.
- Isisu sigxishwe kakhulu, okubukeka kukhulisa ukugoba nangaphezulu.
- Izikhumba zaphambili ziqondile futhi zinde, zibonakala zizacile kodwa azibuthakathaka.
- Imilenze yangemuva incike, kunemisipha futhi iqinile. Amalunga amadolo aphakeme futhi ama-hocks ehliswa eduzane nomhlaba.
- Umsila mncane, uthinta ngasekugcineni, usethwe phansi. Kungaba okufana nesikela noma okusontekile ekugcineni kube iluphu.
- Ijazi lincane mncane futhi lifushane kakhulu, alikho ijazi langaphansi.
- Ukunyakaza kuyahambisana, kuyalinganiseka futhi akunqandeki neze: i-Azawakh kumele ihambe ngokukhululeka ngokuphelele.
Ezweni lomlando walezi zinja ungathola ama-Azawakh anemibala ephelele, kuyilapho eYurophu kuphela okwaziwa ngama-brown-sandy shades.
Uhlamvu lwenja
Ama-Azawakh ahlukaniswa ngohlamvu oluyinkimbinkimbi, yingakho engenakunconywa njengesilwane kubantu abaqale banquma ukuba nenja. Bayizilwane eziqhoshayo nezizimele, ngaphezu kwalokho, ezijwayele ukubusa. Ama-Tuareg hounds agodliwe futhi awathandani kakhulu nabanikazi bawo. Lesi ngesinye sezici zohlobo: ngemuva kwakho konke, amaTuaregs azisa izinja zawo umuzwa wokuziqhenya nokuzimela, kuyilapho ukuthandana ngokweqile nokuzijabulisa kwezinja kubo, uma kungenjalo, kuyindlela ethile engathandeki.
Okubalulekile! I-Azawakh inamathele kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni, kepha inenkosi eyodwa vo yangempela: leyo yona uqobo eyikhethile. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ezinkingeni, ngoba i-greyhound, ekhethe umuntu oyedwa njengomnikazi wayo wangempela, kunzima kakhulu ukuthola ukwehlukana nayo, noma ngabe kungokwesikhashana.
Lezi zinja ziwuzonda umsindo, ukumemeza, nokuphathwa ngonya. Futhi ukungena kwabo esikhaleni sabo akubekezeleleki. Ngezinye izinja ezinkulu nosayizi ophakathi, ongajwayele ukubuswa, i-Azawakh ingahlala ngokuthula endlini efanayo. Kepha kungemuva kokunqunywa kwesimo sabo senhlalo ekugcineni. Ngaphambi kwalokho, izingxabano nokulwa phakathi kwezilwane ezifuywayo akunakugwenywa endlini.
Kepha izinja namakati amancane, kungasaphathwa ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, zibonwa ngama-greyhounds ase-Afrika njengezilwane ezingaba yisisulu. Uma ugcina ama-Azawakhs amaningi endlini eyodwa, khona-ke bazokwakha iphakethe lezinja elinobukhosi obuphakeme, njengoba izihlobo zabo zenza ezweni labo elingokomlando. Lezi zinja ziphatha kabi izinja zabanye abantu nezinye izilwane, yingakho kubalulekile ukukhawulela ukuxhumana kwama-Azawakh nomakhelwane noma nezilwane zasemgwaqweni.
Ngenxa yenkululeko yabo yemvelo, ama-Azawakhs akafanelekile njengomlingani wemidlalo yezingane: la ma-greyhound awadlali ngokukhethekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, awavamile ukulalela noma ngubani ngaphandle kwenkosi yawo eyinhloko. Bajwayele ukungazethembi izingane bebonke, ngaphandle uma bekhulele nabo endlini eyodwa. Ngasikhathi sinye, umuzwa wabo wokuzivikela wangaphakathi wenza ama-Azawakhs abe ngabalindi abahle: abazwelayo, abaqaphile nabanonya.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezinkulu neziphakathi nendawo, ama-Azawakhs aphila ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka eyi-10-12.
Okuqukethwe kwe-Azawakh
Ngenxa yengubo yabo emfushane nokwakhiwa kwayo okomile, okuvimba ukunqwabelana kwamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba, ama-greyhound eTuareg awakwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle. Ngokuvamile, ukunakekela lezi zinja akunzima futhi nabantu abamatasa kakhulu bangakwenza.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Ukuze i-Azawakh ihlale isesimweni esihle, kufanele inyakaze kakhulu... Kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi ayinakugcinwa efulethini. Ukuze akwazi ukukhipha amandla futhi asebenzise ukuzivocavoca okudingekayo, kwanele ukunika inja ithuba lokugijima endaweni evaliwe noma egcekeni lendlu yangasese imizuzu engama-30-60. Njengabomdabu beqiniso bama-savanna asenkangala, ama-Azawakh awawathandi amanzi, yingakho benqena ukubhukuda futhi cishe bangaze babhukude emizimbeni evulekile yamanzi.
Okubalulekile! Le greyhound ayesabi ngisho nokushisa okukhulu kakhulu, kepha amakhaza e-Azawakh angaba yinhlekelele, ngoba le nja ingabanda futhi ibambe umkhuhlane ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa lama- +5 degrees.
Ngalesi sizathu, ama-greyhound ase-Afrika adinga okokugqoka okufanele isizini ukuwavikela emakhazeni nasemswakeni. Ukuzinakekela kulula kakhulu. Badinga ukubhulashiwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngebhulashi elithambile noma nge-mitt ukuhlanza izinja ezibushelelezi. Kungcono ukufaka esikhundleni sokugeza ngokusula uboya obunothuli noma obungcolile ngethawula elimanzi, ngoba ukuthola i-Azawakh ukuwasha akuyona into elula.
Izindlebe namehlo wesilwane esifuywayo kufanele kuhlolwe nsuku zonke, futhi kuhlanzwe njengoba kungcola. Udinga futhi ukuqapha amazinyo nezinzipho ze-Azawakh: uma kwenzeka kwakhiwa uqweqwe, xubha amazinyo bese usika uzipho ngesinqamuli sezipikili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugoma, isibungu futhi welaphe inja ngemikhiqizo yezikhukhula nemikhaza ngesikhathi.
Ukudla, ukudla
Umkhuba wokudla ngokufana nabanikazi wenza ama-Azawakhs ajwayele kakhulu ukudla okunamaprotheni amancane, okubandakanya kakhulu okusanhlamvu nobisi lwembuzi. Ezimweni zanamuhla, asikho isidingo sokondla isilwane kanjalo, kepha ekudleni kwenja, kulokhu, kufanele futhi kube nezinhlamvu (amabele noma irayisi lasendle), izithelo nemifino, imikhiqizo yobisi yokuqukethwe okunamafutha amancane namakhambi.
Okubalulekile! Iningi lama-greyhounds e-Tuareg lenza kahle kokuphakelayo kwe-premium ephansi yamaprotheni noma okungcono.
Inyama nenhlanzi kufakiwe ekudleni kwezilwane ezifuywayo zalolu hlobo, kepha isabelo sazo kufanele singabaluleki. Kunoma ikuphi, noma ngabe inja idla ukudla kwemvelo noma kwezimboni, amanzi ahlanzekile kufanele ahlale esitsheni sayo.
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
Ngokuya ngezempilo, i-Azvavki ibhekwa njengohlobo oluphephe ngokuphelele, kepha futhi inezici eziningi zezifo ezinjenge:
- Dysplasia.
- I-myositis ye-Eosinophilic.
- I-Hypothyroidism
- Isifo seVon Willebrand.
- Izifo zenhliziyo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja ezidabuka eYugoslavia zinamathuba amaningi okuba nesifo sokuwa kunamanye ama-Azawakh. Ama-greyhound akhuliswe eFrance kwesinye isikhathi anezinkinga ngenxa yesakhiwo esingajwayelekile semilenze yangaphambili. Ingozi enkulu yama-Azawakhs, kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izinja ezinkulu neziphakathi ezinesakhiwo somzimba esifanayo, i-volvulus. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukondla isilwane sakho ngendlela efanele futhi ungamvumeli ukuthi anyakaze ngemuva kokudla.
Ukukhubazeka kokuzala kufaka:
- Imibala engaziwa yi-FCI.
- Kakhulu kakhulu, noma, kunalokho, ukwengeza okunomusa ngokweqile.
- Ikhanda alijwayelekile.
- Ukweqisa noma umlomo ongaphansi.
- Isimo sengqondo nomlingiswa ongajwayelekile ohlobo, ngokwesibonelo, ubugwala noma ulaka olwandayo.
Ukuqeqesha nokufundisa
I-Azawak iyinja enenkani nenenhloso, engaphathwa kuphela ngumuntu osenolwazi lokugcina ama-greyhound, inegunya futhi iyabusa ngokwanele, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ayikuvumeli ukuphathwa kabuhlungu kwesilwane esifuywayo. Ngokushesha ukukhuliswa kanye nokuhlalisana kwenja enjalo kuqalwa, kungcono. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubaluleke kakhulu kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala ukukucacisela umdlwane ukuthi umnikazi ungumholi, okufanele amthobele.
Okubalulekile! Ngenxa yokuthi abamele lolu hlobo bavame ukuzinqumela ngokwabo ukuthi bazokwenzenjani, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufundisa inja hhayi kakhulu ukwenziwa okungenamkhawulo kwemiyalo, kodwa nokuziphatha okulungile esimweni esithile.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwazi ukuqeqesha ngokuphelele i-Tuareg greyhound: lezi zinja azithambekele ekwenzeni imiyalo ngokungacabangi futhi, uma ziphikisana nezinhloso zazo, zenze sengathi azizwanga imiyalo yenkosi. Kepha, ngokukhuliswa okufanele, ungafundisa inja ukuhlonipha umnikazi nokufeza izicelo zayo. Ukwelashwa kabi kwe-Azawakh kuzoholela kuphela ekutheni isilwane sizokhula sivaliwe, sicasukile futhi sinolaka.
Thenga i-Azawakh
Ubunzima obukhulu bokuthola i-Azawakh ukuthi eRussia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS lezi zinja azivamile, ngakho-ke, kungenzeka, kuzodingeka uye kwelinye izwe ukuze uthole isilwane. Kodwa-ke, kukhona okuhlanganisiwe kulokhu: ngenxa yokuthandwa okuphansi kohlobo, kunamathuba amancane okuthola imestizo noma ukubukeka nje njenge-mongrel.
Yini okufanele uyibheke
Kubantu abafuna ukuthenga i-Tuareg greyhound puppy enhle, kunengqondo ukubheka izindlu zezinja zaseJalimane noma zaseFrance... Kepha e-USA, lapho ama-Azawakh angaziwa khona, kungcono ungathengi inja, ngoba kulokhu kuzoba kungenazo izincwadi ezivela kuzo. Kukhona nezinja eziningana zalolu hlobo eRussia. Kepha, ngenxa yokuthi zimbalwa kakhulu ama-Azawakh ezweni lethu, umdlwane kungadingeka ulinde isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga eyodwa.
Okubalulekile! Ukuxhumana nabantu kwasekuqaleni kanye nokuxhumana nezinye izinja kubaluleke kakhulu ku-Azawakh ekhulayo, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuthatha umdlwane ngaphambi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola indlu yenja enjalo, lapho kunakwa khona hhayi kuphela ingaphandle lezinja, kepha futhi nobuntu babo, ubumnene nempilo, futhi uma i-Azawakh itholwa ngokuzingela, nezimpawu zokusebenza. Ezinyangeni ezingama-2-3, lapho iningi lamalitha selithengisiwe, izici zomdlwane sezivele zibonakale ngokusobala, ikakhulukazi ubukhulu bazo, uhlobo lomthethosisekelo nombala. Futhi, umlingiswa ophuma kubo ngamunye wabo usuvele uvele ukuvela.
Intengo yozalo lomdlwane
I-Azawak uhlobo oluthile futhi ngokusobala aludalelwanga izinhlobonhlobo zabazalisi bezinja, ngakho-ke, amanani emidlwane awavamile ukuba phezulu kakhulu. I-Azawakh ephelele, ehunyushelwe kuma-ruble waseRussia, ingathengwa ngezinkulungwane ezingama-35 noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, uma inja ithengwa phesheya, khona-ke kule mali udinga ukwengeza izindleko zokuhamba kuye.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Abanikazi be-Azawakh baqaphela isimo esingajwayelekile nomusa ongokwemvelo ezifuyweni zabo. Lezi zinja zibonakala zenzelwe izindandatho zombukiso nokunqoba embukisweni ohlonishwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokusebenza zenza i-greyhound yase-Afrika ibe yinja enhle kakhulu yokuzingela futhi abantu abasebenzisa lezi zinja ngenhloso yabo yasekuqaleni bancome ukushesha nokungakhathali kwabo ekuphishekeleni umdlalo. Ama-Azawakh nawo alungile njengonogada: abanikazi abaningi bazithokozele izilwane zabo kulo mkhakha. Ukunakekela lezi zinja akunzima, noma kunjalo, isidingo sokugcina ama-Azawakhs efudumele lapho kubanda kungadala ubunzima.
Ngokuhambisana nezici ezinhle, ama-greyhounds amaTuareg nawo anokubi okuvela kulezi zilwane: ama-Azawakh ahlukaniswa ngohlamvu lwawo oluzimele, olungenamusa, yize ethembekile futhi eqotho kubaninizo.Abanikazi babuye baphawule ukuthi lezi zinja azilungile ngokungena endaweni yazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungabekezelelani kwe-Azawakh ngezilwane ezincane kungadala izinkinga ezithile, okwabuye kwaphawulwa ngabanikazi balezi zinja.
Kuyathakazelisa!Abanikazi babuye baphawule ukuthi lapho kuqeqeshwa ama-Azawakhs, ubunzima bungaba khona ngenxa yokuthi lezi zinja azizibekezeleli izindlela ezinamandla zethonya, futhi umuntu kufanele afune indlela eya ngakubo kuzo.
Ngokuvamile, abanikazi bama-Tuareg greyhounds baqinisekile ukuthi izinkinga eziningi zingagwenywa uma kusuka ezinsukwini zokuqala zokubonakala kwenja endlini, kufanelekile ukukhulisa. Kulokhu, i-Azawakh ikhula ngesibindi, sinamandla futhi sihloniphekile isilwane: umsizi ongakhathali ekuzingeleni, indoda enhle yombukiso kanye nomngane nomngane ohlakaniphile futhi ozinikele. I-Azawak ingenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezimangalisa kakhulu emhlabeni, ezinomsuka wasendulo, uma kungenjalo wasendulo.
Ukuhlukaniswa okwase kungamakhulu eminyaka kwaba nomthelela eqinisweni lokuthi ama-zavaks agcina uhlobo lwawo lwangempela kanye nezici zohlobo lokuzalwa.... Njengamanje, ama-Azawakh athathwa njengengajwayelekile kakhulu futhi ukuthandwa kwawo kuphansi. Kodwa-ke, eYurophu naseRussia, abafuyi abangochwepheshe sebevele banake lezi zinja, ngakho-ke, mhlawumbe, i-Azawakh izothandwa njengeGreyhounds noma iSaluki efana nayo.
