Amabhere amaSloth amelela kuphela izinhlobo zezinhlobo zawo, angamabhere asezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Kukhona ama-subspecies ama-2: izwekazi neCeylon - owokuqala mkhulu kakhulu kunowesibili.
Incazelo yebhele le-sloth
Ngenxa yezimpawu zayo ezihlukile zangaphandle nezokuziphatha, kunzima ukukuxuba nezinye izinhlobo.
Ukubukeka
Isici esiyingqayizivele sesakhiwo sangaphandle sebhungane le-sloth ibhande elihlangene neliselula: izindebe zalo, cishe ezingenazo izimila, zinamandla okuphuma ziye phambili kakhulu kangangokuba zithatha ithubhu noma uhlobo oluthile lomboko. Umthamo womzimba mncane kakhulu. Ubude bezipanji busuka ku-142 cm kuye ku-190 cm, umsila ungenye ye-11 cm, ukuphakama ekubuneni kubude obumaphakathi ngama-75 cm; isisindo sowesilisa 85-190 kg., owesifazane 55-124 kg... Abesilisa bacishe babe yingxenye yesithathu enkulu kunabesifazane. Ukubukeka kwamabhere amaSloth kuyefana nokwebhere elijwayelekile. Umzimba unezilinganiso ezinhle, imilenze iphakeme impela, izidladla zikhulu, nosayizi wezinzipho mkhulu futhi unomumo wesikela (imilenze yangemuva incane kakhulu ngobude bezinzipho kuya ngaphambili).
Ubukhazikhazi balaba bameleli yirekhodi phakathi kwamabhere: uboya obude obukhulu bubenza bube shaggy cishe emzimbeni wonke, futhi entanyeni nasemahlombe yinde kakhulu, ikakhulukazi kumabhere, ibuye inikeze ukuvela komhlwenga odidekile. Umbala wejazi ikakhulu uyisidina - umnyama ocwebezelayo, kepha imvamisa kuba nezinhlayiya zezinwele ezimpunga, ezinsundu (ezinsundu) noma ezibomvu. Umhlangano onabantu abansundu, ababomvu (ababomvu ngokubomvu) noma abansundu ngokubomvu awufakwanga ngaphandle. Amabhere amaSloth anekhanda elikhulu, kepha ibunzi liyisicaba, isifonyo sihlangene kakhulu. Umbala wokuphela kwawo uvame ukuba mpunga ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukahlukene, ufana nemaski esimweni; isivikelo sesifuba sombala ofanayo ngesimo sohlamvu V noma ngokungajwayelekile - Y, kanye no-U.
Kuyathakazelisa!Izindlebe zobude obuhle, ezihambayo, njengokungathi zibheke ezinhlangothini, okungukuthi, zanda kude. Ukwazi ukuhambisa ikhala lakhe kalula, ayikho indawo emaphakathi phakathi kwe-lobe, udebe olungaphezulu luqinile, alunaso isicashuni, futhi akukho msele ongaphansi. Amakhala amile okweqweqwe, anamandla okuvala uma efiswa ukuze izinhlayiya zothuli nezinambuzane, uma zihogelwe, zingangeni emkhakheni wokuphefumula.
Azikho nhlobo izinwele ezindebeni, futhi zona ngokwazo zihamba kakhulu kangangokuba zinamandla okuphuma ziye phambili ngesimo seshubhu. Ulimi lude. I-sloth beetle nayo iyahluka ohlelweni lwamazinyo. Ama-incisors aphezulu awekho, okuhlukile kubamele i-oda lezidliwayo. Ngakho-ke, imvelo isize ibhungane ukuba likwazi ukusebenza ngomlomo walo lapho likhipha izindebe nge-proboscis njenge-vacuum cleaner - kungaba ukushaya umoya ngokucindezela, bese liyidonsela kuyo ukuze libambe izinambuzane ezihlala emakoloni, ngokwesibonelo, umuhlwa, nomfudlana womoya.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-sloth beetle akhetha ikakhulukazi amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo nakwezifudumele, ikakhulukazi lawo anganaki amatshe. Enye indawo ethandwa kakhulu ngamathafa anotshani obude. Musa ukukhuphuka ngaphezu kwendawo yamagquma. Indlela yokuphila yasebusuku ijwayeleke kakhulu emadodeni amadala, kuthi emini zilele endaweni enotshani evulekile emangelengele enezimila ezinamahlathi nasemifantwini, ngokusondela kwemithombo yamanzi. Abesifazane abanezizukulwane nezilwane ezincane bakhetha isikhathi sasemini, esichazwa ngokuthambekela okukhulu kokuhlaselwa yibo yizilwane ezinkulu, ikakhulu ezisebenza ngesikhathi sokuhwalala nasebusuku. Isikhathi sonyaka sithinta umsebenzi unyaka wonke: isikhathi semvula siyanciphisa, kumasizini asele, amabhere ama-sloth ayasebenza ngaphandle kokulala.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ngokuya ngokuthanda ukudla, i-sloth bear siseduze nokudla kwe-anteater kunabanye abamele ibhere, njengoba sikwazile ukudla izinambuzane ezihlala emakoloni - izintuthwane nomuhlwa.
I-sloth sinikezwe ikhono lokuzulazula kahle ezihlahleni, kodwa asikwenzi lokhu kaningi, ngokwesibonelo, ukuzitika ngezithelo. Uma kwenzeka usongo, isibonelo, kumdliwayo, akasebenzisi ukuhlenga ngale ndlela, yize engazi ukugijima ngokushesha. Ihlome ngesibindi sayo futhi ithembele emandleni ayo, leli bhere, elingenawo usayizi ohlaba umxhwele, liyakwazi ukuphuma linqobe ngisho nasempini nengwe. Njengamanye amabhere, amabhere ama-sloth ahola indlela yokuphila enesizungu, ngaphandle kwamabhere abesifazane anamawundlu nenkathi yokukhwelana. Imvamisa ayishiyi indawo ehlala kuyo, ecishe ibe yi-10 sq. km., ngaphandle kokuhamba kwesizini kwabesilisa ngesikhathi semvula.
Ama-receptors akhe abukwayo nawokuzwa akathuthukile kangako kune-olfactory... Ngakho-ke, akunzima ukuba seduze nebhere ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni ukubonwa noma ukuzwa ngalo. Ukuhlangana okungazelelwe okunjalo nabantu kuholela eqinisweni lokuthi hhayi amabhere ama-sloth anolaka kakhulu, lapho umuntu esondela, aqala ukuzivikela, amenze asikwe ngamazipho, futhi kwesinye isikhathi afe. Yize ubudlabha bayo obubonakala ngaphandle, amabhele ama-sloth ayakwazi ukuthuthukisa ijubane elikhulu kunelomuntu, okwenza ukushayisana naye okungenzeka kungathandeki futhi kuyingozi. Ukuziphatha kwaleli bhere lapho lihlangana nezimbangi noma ezinye izilwane ezinkulu ezidlayo kuyafana nezinye izinyamazana: ziyaphakama ngemilenze yazo yangemuva ukuze zibonakale zide, zikhipha ukuduma, ukubhonga, ukukhala nokuncinza, okufaka ukwesaba ezitheni.
Mangaki amabhungane ama-sloth ahlala
Kunamacala aziwayo ala mabhere afinyelela eminyakeni engama-40 ezimweni zomuntu; akukho datha eqondile kuma-maxumum yobudala endaweni yemvelo.
Indawo yokuhlala
Amabhere ama-sloth atholakala kakhulu eNdiya, ePakistan, eSri Lanka, eBangladesh, eNepal naseBhutan. Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20, lolu hlobo lwaqala ukuvela kancane kancane, indawo yokuhlala yaqala ukwehla. Amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezishisayo, izindawo ezinamagquma aphansi, izindawo eziphansi ezomile yizindawo ezithandwayo zokuhlala kuye. Ugwema izindawo eziphakeme kakhulu, kanye nezindawo eziphansi ezimanzi.
Ukudla kwebhele le-Sloth
I-Sloth yisilwane esincelisayo esidla yonke into, ukudla kwaso kufaka izinambuzane ezinezibungu, iminenke, amaqanda, izitshalo, amaqabunga nezithelo... Futhi-ke, uju. Inani lokudla okudliwe kwisilinganiso sezinhlobo sincike kwisizini. Imuhlwa yakha inqwaba yokudla kwebheja unyaka wonke - kufika ku-50% wengqikithi edliwayo. Kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni, ngesikhathi sokubona izithelo - bangafinyelela kuma-50% wokudla okuphelele; esikhathini esisele, abamele lawa mabhere badla ukudla abakuthandayo. Ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi, amabhele ama-sloth enza insayeya emasimini omoba nommbila. Abazigodli izidumbu ezikhathini ezinzima.
Kuyathakazelisa!Amabhere amaSloth akhuphuka ezihlahleni ukuze akhiphe izithelo, izimbali kanye namaqanda ezinyoni, aphethe ngokuphelele uzipho lwawo olumiswe okwekrele. Omunye umsebenzi wezinqubo ezinjalo ze-horny ukuzingela izinambuzane ezizithandayo: izintuthwane, umuhlwa nezibungu zazo.
Ngosizo lwazo, lezi zilwane zibhubhisa izindawo zokudla ezingaba khona eziqwini zezihlahla ezibolile nasezindundumeni zomuhlwa futhi, ziveza izindebe zabo nolimi lwabo njengebhubhu, ngembobo eyakhiwe esikhundleni sezinsimbi ezingenhla ezingekho, baqala bashaye ungqimba lothuli endaweni lapho kuhlala khona isisulu, bese bemunca izinambuzane ngqo. Ngokuvala izikhala zekhala, amabhere avikela izinto zokuphefumula ekulimaleni ngenxa yokungena kwezidumbu zangaphandle nezinhlayiya zothuli.
Le nqubo ihambisana nomsindo onjalo obonakala ngaphezu kwamamitha ayikhulu ukusuka endaweni yesehlakalo. Inyosi eyi-sloth isebenzisa ulimi lwayo olude ukuqothula izidleke zezinyosi - ukuzidla, izibungu zazo noju, ukufika ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Ngokwethiyori, la mabhere angasebenza njengesisulu sezilwane ezincane noma ezikhathele, ngoba ukukhula ngokomzimba kokwedlule kukuvumela kahle lokhu.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwalaba bameleli be-bearish kwehlela eminyakeni yabo emithathu kuya kwemine. Umkhuba wenzeka eNdiya cishe ngoJuni, naseSri Lanka - unyaka wonke. Amabili ngawodwana, akhiwa kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila, okwenza ahluke ezinhlotsheni ezifanayo; ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, ukuncintisana phakathi kwabesilisa kuyinto engandile. Ukukhwelana kwamabhere ama-sloth kuhambisana nemisindo enomsindo. Owesifazane uvunyelwe ezinyangeni eziyi-6-7. 1-2, kwesinye isikhathi izithelo ezi-3 zingazalelwa endaweni yokukhosela evikelwe kahle: ingafana nomhume, umgodi noma umgodi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kunemininingwane ngokubamba iqhaza kukababa ekunakekeleni inzalo esigabeni sokuqala, okuyinto engajwayelekile kwamanye amabhere futhi engakaqinisekiswa kahle. Esontweni lesithathu, amawundlu abona. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, umndeni webhere nezingane ushiya indawo yokuhlala.
Amantshontsho akhetha ukugibela kumama. Amathole asekhulile avele athathe isikhundla esihle kunina noma aqhubeke nendlela yawo eceleni. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uma kunengozi, izingane zihamba ziye emuva komzali, noma ngabe zisentabeni ngalesi sikhathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, ibhere elikhanyayo lingabuyela emuva nezingane nezingane emhlane, futhi lihlasele isitha ngesibindi ngomthwalo waso. Abantu abasha bazoshiya umama wabo ngemuva kokufinyelela ebudaleni obugcwele, futhi lokhu kungathatha iminyaka engu-2-3.
Izitha zemvelo
Ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu bamabhere ama-sloth, kuyaqabukela ukuthola izitha zawo zemvelo, amahlosi nezingwe, ezindaweni zazo zokuhlala. Lezi zokugcina zingaba usongo oluncane, ngoba azithinti amabhere amaduna amadala, futhi nazo zingase zihlupheke ngenxa yazo, sezilahlekelwe yisisulu sazo. Abesifazane abancane abanamathole noma abantu abancane kakhulu abasengozini yokuba izisulu zezingwe ezinkulu basengozini enkulu.
Impisi yokufunda ingaba yisitha, kepha abukho ubufakazi obuqondile bamacala anjalo. Ngakho-ke, isitha esikhulu, esimele ukukhathazeka okungathi sína, sihlala ingwe, okuthi, by the way, kuyaqabukela izama ukuhlasela izinzalamizi ezingamavila.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
I-Sloth ayithwali ukubaluleka okukhethekile kwezentengiselwano: uboya abunalo inani lenani, inyama ayidliwa. Isicelo sanikezwa kuphela ama-gallbladders ngezinhloso zokwelapha. Ukutholakala kwalolu hlobo kusongelwa, njengoba inani eliphelele labantu lingadluli ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi kungekudala, kuchazwa ukuthi abantu babhubhisa ibhungane ngenxa yokwesaba ukuphepha kwabo, kanye nokugcina umnotho wezinyosi kanye nokuvunwa komhlanga, okusanhlamvu, izilimo zesundu.
Ukuhweba nokuqothulwa okuhlosiwe kwamabhere ama-sloth okwamanje akuvunyelwe... Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yabantu yokugawulwa kwehlathi, ukubhujiswa kwezidleke zomuhlwa kanye nezinye izenzo zokuqubuka ezigcina zinciphise ukutholakala kokudla nezindawo zokuhlala izilwane zibeka engcupheni enkulu ukuba khona nokuthuthuka kohlobo.
