IServal, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Shrub Cat (Leptailurus serval), iyisilwane esincelisayo esidla inyama esivela emndenini wakwaFelidae osakazekile nohlobo lweServal. Izinsizakalo ezizenzele zona zithandwa kakhulu ngabathandi bezitshalo ezingajwayelekile ngemininingwane yabo engaphandle yangaphandle kanye nokulingiswa okunokuthula.
Umlando wozalo
Amakati alolu hlobo aqala ukuvela ezindaweni zase-Afrika... Kwakusezweni laleli zwekazi, ngaphansi kwelanga elishisayo, lapho inani elikhulu kakhulu lamasosha lazizwa likhululekile kakhulu. Namuhla, kunokwehla okusheshayo kwenani labantu lamakati asendle.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ezimweni eziningi, isizathu salesi simo ngabazingeli abangekho emthethweni abalingeka ngoboya obutofotofo besilwane kanye nokufunwa okuphezulu kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Njengamanje, izinhlobo eziyishumi nane ze-serval zasendle ziyaziwa futhi zifundwa kahle, ezahluke kakhulu ngombala wejazi. Muva nje, abalimi nabathandi bazo zonke izinto zakwamanye amazwe bakwazile ukuthola ukuthi amakati anjalo angafuywa ngempumelelo. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakukhona amakati ezifuywayo ohlobo oluhle kakhulu lweServal anedatha yangaphandle yangempela.
Incazelo yeserval
Izinsizakalo zinamakati amaphakathi amancane azacile futhi anemilenze emide. Ubude bomzimba besilwane esidala buyahluka phakathi kuka-90-135 cm, ubude behlombe obungu-40-65 cm.Isisindo sensali yabantu abadala sicishe sibe ngu-8-18 kg. Izinsizakalo zinemilenze ephakeme kakhulu nezindlebe ezinkulu, ezihlukanisa isilwane kubo bonke abamele umndeni wakwaFeline. Inhloko yesilwane esinjalo incanyana, futhi umsila mfushane - ungaphakathi kuka-30-45 cm.
Izinsizakalo zibhekwa njengezihlobo eziseduze ze-lynx ne-caracal ngezici eziningi zokuziphatha, kodwa umbala wekati elinjalo lasendle lifana kakhulu nengubo yengulule. Ijazi lethulwa ngesizinda esimpunga ngombala lapho kukhona izindawo ezimnyama nemivimbo. Indawo yesifuba nesisu, kanye nomlomo wesilwane esidla i-Afrika, kumhlophe. Uhlangothi lwangaphandle lwezindlebe lumnyama lunamabala amhlophe noma aphuzi ajikelezayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Endaweni yezifunda ezinezintaba zaseKenya, ungathola ama-servals amnyama (ama-melanists), isibalo saso sonke cishe siyisigamu sabantu, futhi amaseva amhlophe anezindawo ezimpunga zesiliva aziwa kuphela ekuthunjweni.
Kukhona umehluko othile kumbala wezinhlanga zokuhlala ze-serval. Amakati asendle ahlala endaweni enezindawo ezinamapulangwe amancane noma ama-steppe ahlukaniswa ngokuba khona kwamabala amakhulu ngombala, atholakala ngemuva kokukhanya okujwayelekile. Izinsizakalo zehlathi zibonakala ngombala omnyama, isikwele nezindawo ezincane. Phambilini, amakati asendle anjalo ayegqama ngohlobo oluthile, olubizwa ngokuthi "amakati e-serval" noma ama-servalines.
Amazinga okuzala
Izinkomba zomzimba zezinsizakalo ezisungulwe ngamazinga namuhla:
- ukuphakama kwesilwane ekubuneni kungama-40-55 cm;
- ubude besilwane esikhulile bungu-70-100 cm, ngaphandle komsila;
- imilenze nezindlebe ezinde;
- umzimba ogoqwe ngokulingana;
- amathambo ahlanganiswe kahle;
- isisindo ngaphakathi 12-18 kg;
- ikhanda elincane;
- izindlebe ezinde futhi ezibanzi, eziphuma njenge-lynx;
- ibhuloho lempumulo nekhala libanzi;
- ikhala limnyama kakhulu;
- amehlo amile okwe-alimondi, anombala okhanyayo;
- umsila mfushane futhi ujiyile, u-25-40 cm ubude.
Izinsizakalo zasekhaya ziyizidlakela zangempela uma kuqhathaniswa namakati ajwayelekile... Umbala womzimba ojwayelekile uboniswa ngesizinda esiphuzi esiphaphathekile esinemivimbo emnyama namabala. Ibhantshi lifushane, liwugqinsi futhi lithambile.
Okubalulekile! Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amazinga ohlobo lwasekhaya lwasekhaya aluthuthukiswanga ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke, lapho kuhlolisiswa ukubukeka, kuyadingeka ukugxila emininingwaneni eyaziwayo neyaziwayo.
Isimo sekati
I-serval iyakwazi ukuzwana ngokushesha nomnikazi, lokho kungenxa yesimo esizolile sesilwane esinjalo kanye nokuzijabulisa kwaso. Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi abamele lolu hlobo ngokushesha baba yintandokazi yokudlala futhi kunothando lomndeni wonke. Abafuyi abanolwazi batusa ukuthenga i-serval esemncane kakhulu, okuzomvumela ukuthi ajwayele ngokushesha izimo zasekhaya.
Lolu hlobo luphawuleka ngokuthobela, lunesimo esihle ekuqeqesheni nasekufundiseni, futhi lubonakala ngokukhalipha nokuphendula okulungile kwabanye. Ukugcotshwa kweserali akufani neze nedatha yezwi lekati elijwayelekile, futhi kufana nokutshiyoza kwenyoni. Isilwane esinjalo esingajwayelekile siyathanda ukudlala ngamathoyizi athambile bese silenga ezintanjeni noma ezintanjeni, ngakho-ke, lapho ugcina ikati lasendle ekhaya, udinga ukugcina izindlela zokuphepha.
Ngokusho kwabanikazi, izigqila azinazo nhlobo izimfanelo ezinjengenkani nobuqili, futhi izimpande zase-Afrika zanikeza lesi silwane ubuhlakani nobuqili obumangalisayo. Kodwa-ke, izinsizakalo ziyizilwane ezifuywayo ezithembekile nezinothando ezithanda ukuncintisana futhi zidlale isiwula ngokuletha ibhola eliphonswayo. Isilwane esifuywayo sihamba kahle kakhulu nezinhlobo zezinja ezingenalo ulaka, futhi sinobungane nohlobo lwaso.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi esiphakathi kwekati elinamahlathi ngokwemvelo siyahluka kusuka eminyakeni eyishumi kuya kweleshumi nambili, futhi isilwane esingaphandle esifuywayo, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, singaphila cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Ukugcinwa kweserval ekhaya
Izinsizakalo zasekhaya zizizwa zikhululekile lapho zigcinwa endlini yangasese.... Efulethini, isilwane esikhulu kangaka nesishukumisayo esimangalisayo singaminyaniswa kakhulu futhi singakhululeki. Ukuhamba kwangaphandle, kungakuhle ukuthenga i-leash ngekhola noma i-harness ekhethekile.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Isilwane asikudingi ngokuphelele ukunakekelwa. Ikati elikhulu futhi elisebenzayo kufanele linikezwe indawo ehlukile nendawo yomuntu siqu ezovumela isilwane ukuthi siphumule futhi sizizwe siphephile. Ukuhamba kufanele kube njalo futhi kube yinde ngokwanele ukwanelisa umsebenzi wemvelo wekati elifuywayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Imisebenzi ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa kwabasebenzi ifaka ukuhlolwa njalo nodokotela wezilwane, kanye nokugoma kwe-prophylactic okuhlelwe ngungoti.
Ngaphambi kokuhamba, kufanele uvikele ijazi lesilwane kuma-ectoparasites anezindlela ezikhethekile. Izinceku zithanda ukubhukuda, ngakho-ke izinqubo zamanzi zibanika injabulo enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ukugeza isilwane esinjalo akunconywa kaningi. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ama-servals afunda kalula ukuzikhulula ebhokisini lodoti ojwayelekile.
Ukudla kukaServal
Isisekelo sokudla okwenziwe ngasese kufanele kube inyama. Endaweni yasendle, ikati lasendle elinjalo lizingela izinyoni namagundane, liyakwazi ukudla izinambuzane, kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Imenyu yezilwane ezifuywayo kufanele yethulwe:
- inyama;
- offal;
- amathambo;
- imifino eluhlaza noma ebilisiwe;
- amaqanda ezigwaca.
Izinsizakalo ezifuywayo zinemizimba ethuthuke kahle kakhulu yokuzingela, ngakho-ke kwesinye isikhathi amagundane noma amagundane anganikezwa isilwane esinjalo. Ukudla kwesilwane kufanele kufakwe izithako zamaminerali namavithamini. Ukondla isilwane kwenziwa ngokuya ngohlelo, ekuseni nakusihlwa. Izinsizakalo zidinga amanzi, ngakho-ke zidinga ukufinyelela ku-24/7 koketshezi. Abanikazi abanolwazi batusa ukuhlela izinsuku ezibizwa ngokuthi "zilambile" zesilwane izikhathi ezimbalwa ngenyanga.
Okubalulekile! Amantshontsho adinga ukulunyulwa ekati anamasonto amabili ubudala futhi ondliwe ebhodleleni elinobisi njalo emahoreni ambalwa, okuzovumela ukuthi isilwane sikhule singabi sasendle, kodwa sivumelane nomphakathi.
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
Izinsizakalo zasekhaya azivamile ukuba nezinkinga ezinzima zempilo.... Izilwane ezinjalo zinokuzivikela komzimba okuthuthukile, futhi cishe azikwazi ukungenwa yizifo ezijwayele abamele umndeni wakwaFeline. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izidlakela zase-Afrika ezingajwayelekile azinazo izifo zofuzo.
Noma kunjalo, ukuhlala kweserval phakathi kwabantu empeleni kubeka izidingo ezithile, ngakho-ke, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga isilwane, kubalulekile ukusihlola nodokotela wezilwane. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umuthi wokugoma we-serval akufanele ube nama-virus asebenzayo, futhi izixazululo zomuthi wokugoma ezikhethwe ngokungafanele zingadala ukufa kwesilwane esingajwayelekile.
Amakati amancane anamathambo angakheki ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukuwa kusuka ekuphakameni noma ngisho nasekugxileni okungaphumelelanga kuvame ukuphela ngokuhlukana okukhulu.
Thenga iServal
Yizinsizakalo "ezihlanzekile" kuphela, ezizalelwe ekuthunjweni futhi zakhuliswa njengesilwane esifuywayo, ezingagcinwa ekhaya. Izindawo zokugcina izingane ezisungulwe kahle ezidayisa izinsizakalo ezifuywayo yiLunicorne, iSavanah Premium, iSavannah Golden Star, iVipLeo neRoyal Cats.
Yini okufanele uyibheke
Isilwane esithengiwe kumele sihlangabezane nezidingo ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo:
- ijazi elihlanzekile ngaphandle kwamabala anempandla noma ama-ectoparasites;
- ijazi lilingana, uphawu lohlobo lombala;
- amehlo acacile nezindlebe ezihlanzekile ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwe-pathological;
- impumulo ecacile yombala wesici ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwe-purulent noma i-mucous;
- imilenze emide nezindlebe ezinezintshisekelo zesici;
- amathambo athuthukile kahle;
- izilinganiso ezifanele nokwakhiwa okuhle.
Inketho engcono kakhulu ukuthenga ikati eneminyaka emibili noma emihlanu ubudala. Isilwane kufanele sisheshe futhi sisebenze, sinesifiso esihle, ngaphandle kwezimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-helminthic noma ukugaya.
Intengo yekati yeserval
Izindleko ze-serval njengamanje zincike ezintweni eziningi... Njengomthetho, intengo yekati isethwe ngumfuyi ngokuzimela, kucatshangelwa inani lemakethe elijwayelekile ezweni. Namuhla, eRussia, intengo yeserali encane icishe ibe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400-450. Amanye amakhabethe asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe asebenza ngokukhethekile kuma-serval athengisa amakati ngamanani ayizigidi ezingama-8.5-9.0 zamaRandi noma ngaphezulu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izindleko zamazinyane okuzalanisa ziphakeme kakhulu kunentengo yezilwane ezihloselwe ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ezifuywayo noma ezingenasici.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Izinsizakalo empeleni ukuphela kwezilwane zasendle ezingakwazi ukuthanjiswa ngokuphelele futhi zibe nothando, zilunge futhi zithembeke ezifuywayo, kepha ngokuya ngemithetho yokukhuliswa. Isilwane esinobudlelwano siphephe ngokuphelele futhi sinokuthula, imvamisa sihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi sihlakaniphe kunezinhlobo ezithile zamakati nezinja, futhi futhi sihlangana kalula futhi ngokushesha nabantu.
Kanye namanye amakati, izinsizakalo ngokuzimisela nangokuhlala zimaka indawo yazo ngokungakhathaleli ubulili. Iphunga lemfihlo elifihliwe yi-serval lisuswe kabi kakhulu futhi liqinile ngokwanele, ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi kubalulekile ukusikhipha noma ukusikhipha isilwane sineminyaka eyisishiyagalombili.
Izinsizakalo zasekhaya zivame ukuba zezimpawu zezinga eliphakeme nodumo lomnikazi. Isilwane esinjalo singesinye sezilwane ezihlaba umxhwele futhi ezishaqisa kakhulu, uqobo lwangempela, ezifuywayo nezingavamile. Ngenxa yokufana okukhethekile kwesimilo nemikhuba, ama-servals avame ukuqhathaniswa nezinja ezifuywayo, okwenza lolu hlobo luthandwe kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba, kubandakanya nezwe lethu.
