IPeacock ingummeleli omkhulu wezinyoni ze-pheasant ezingaphansi kohlobo lwePavo, ukuhleleka kwezinkukhu. Ngokungafani nama-congener, imisila yawo ebuthuntu ifana nophahla noma isiqongo sefosholo, epikoko isebenza njengophawu - iyanethezeka, iluhlaza, inemibala egqamile futhi yinde kakhulu.
Incazelo yamapikoko
IPeacock, enye yezinyoni ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni, etholakala emazweni amaningi naseNdiya... Ngomqondo ongokoqobo, igama lowesilisa "ipigogo" livame ukusetshenziswa ngabantu ukubhekisa kubo bobabili ubulili besilwane, abesilisa nabesifazane. Ngomqondo wobuchwepheshe, ipigogo ligama elingathathi hlangothi kuwo womabili amalungu alolu hlobo lohlobo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zinyoni ezaziwa umhlaba wonke.
Kuyathakazelisa!Omunye wabo iPeacock yaseNdiya ebukekayo, ehlala kuphela ezwekazini laseNdiya. Enye iPeacock eluhlaza, edabuka emazweni ase-Asia, ububanzi bayo buqala ngqo ukusuka eMpumalanga Burma kuye eJava. Ngenkathi okwedlule kubhekwa njenge-monotypic (awekho ama-subspecies ahlukile), eyokugcina ingahlukaniswa yaba ama-subspecies amaningana angeziwe.
Izimpaphe zepigogo zinendawo efana neyamehlo, echazwe nxazonke. Lezi zinyoni ziziqhayisa ngezimpaphe eziluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu kanye negolide ezizenza zibe ezinye zezilwane ezinhle kakhulu emhlabeni. Bambalwa abantu abaziyo, kepha empeleni, izimpaphe zepigogo zinsundu, futhi ukudlala kwabo okumangalisayo kuhlotshaniswa nokukhanya kokukhanya, okubenza babukeke bemibalabala. Ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe? Ukuthola amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu nolwazi olumangazayo ngepigogo, funda ku.
Ukubukeka
Ubude bomzimba wepigogo elidala, ngaphandle komsila, bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-90 kuye kwangama-130. Ngokubambisana nomsila olengayo, ubude bomzimba obuphelele bungafinyelela kumitha elilodwa nohhafu. Umlomo wesilwane esidala ungamasentimitha amabili nohhafu ubude. Isisindo sarekhodwa kusuka kumakhilogremu ama-4 kuye kwayi-6, kuya ngobulili, ubudala kanye nendawo okuhlala kuyo inyoni ethile. Ubude bomsila wepigogo abukho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu.
Esikubona ngaphezulu ngenhla komzimba wakhe kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umsila ongenhla. Ubude bomsila onjalo bufinyelela imitha elilodwa nohhafu, uma kulinganiswa ngezinga le "mehlo" lokugcina kuphaphe. Uma uthatha ubude obuhlanganisiwe bomsila wepikoko wesilisa namaphiko alo amakhulu, kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ingenye yezinyoni ezindizayo ezinkulu emhlabeni.
Kuyathakazelisa!Uhlobo lomqhele lutholakala ekhanda lepigogo, okuqhubeka nokugcizelela isimo sale nyoni. Imelwe yinqwaba yezimpaphe ezakha umcengezi omncane onentshakaza emaphethelweni. Amapikoko nawo anezikhala ezithendeni zawo eziwavumela ukuthi azivikele.
Izwi lale nyoni elimangalisayo lidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ngaye, izinto zifana ne-mermaid encane, owashintshanisa imilenze yakhe wamlahlekela. Ipigogo liyakwazi ukwenza imisindo, kepha alilihle njengomsila walo kepha lifana nokukhala, ukumemeza, ukukhala noma ukutshiyoza okungathandeki kunokuthambeka okugcwele amanzi. Mhlawumbe, yingakho, ngesikhathi sokuqomisana kwesifazane nokudansa, ipigogo lingenzi nowodwa umsindo. Abanye ososayensi bomhlaba banombono wokuthi ukukhwantalala komsila wepigogo ngezikhathi ezikhethekile kuyakwazi ukukhipha izimpawu ezikhethekile ze-infrasonic ezingabonakali endlebeni yomuntu, kepha lokhu akukakaqinisekiswa.
Umbala wepigogo
Njengomthetho, ezinhlotsheni eziningi, owesilisa unemibala ehlukahlukene futhi ekhanya kakhulu kunowesifazane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi kwipigogo eliluhlaza, kulezi zinhlobo ubulili bobabili bufana ncamashi futhi buheha. Inhloso enkulu yomsila wepigogo omuhle yisidingo sokuheha insikazi ngokubukeka okukhanyayo ukuze imncenge ukuba ahlangane futhi akhiqize inzalo. Umsila wepigogo ocebile wenza ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-60 wobude bomzimba wawo wonke. Ingagobeka kumlandeli omangalisayo owelulela emuva bese kuthi, ulenga phansi, uthinte umhlabathi ngapha nangapha kwesifuba. Ingxenye ngayinye yomsila wepigogo ishintsha umbala lapho ishaywa yimisebe yokukhanya ezinhlangothini ezahlukene.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kodwa-ke, awukho umsila owodwa oyisithunzi sale nyoni. Izimpaphe zomzimba nazo zinemibala eyinkimbinkimbi. Isibonelo, izimpaphe zomzimba uqobo zingaba nsundu noma ziluhlaza.
Kukholakala ukuthi ipigogo likhetha izigaxa zalo ngosayizi, umbala nekhwalithi yezimpaphe zemisila yazo. Umsila uhle futhi ubabazeke ngokwengeziwe, maningi amathuba okuthi owesifazane awukhethe. Ngaphezu kwenhloso "yothando", umsila omkhulu udlala enye indima ebalulekile. Le yindima yezindlela zokuvikela. Ngesikhathi kusondela umhlaseli, ipigogo likhukhula umsila walo omkhulu nge-nape, elihlotshiswe ngenqwaba "yamehlo", adida isitha. Ekwindla, izimpaphe ezinemibala ziyawa kancane, ukuze kuthi entwasahlobo ikhule ngomfutho ovuselelwe, ukuze ibonakale kulo mhlaba ngokukhazimula okugcwele.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Indawo yemvelo yamapikoko - amazwe ase-Asia... Lezi yizilwane ezinesidingo esikhulu sobungani. Babodwa, bangafa ngokushesha. Ngesikhathi sengozi esondelayo, ipigogo lingandizela phezulu esihlahleni ukuze lizivikele ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezidliwayo noma liphumule ekuphepheni nasemthunzini wamagatsha.
Lezi yizilwane zasemini ikakhulu. Ebusuku, amapikoko ancamela ukuzigaxa ezihlahleni noma kwezinye izindawo eziphakeme. Phezu kokuba zikwazi ukundiza, lezi zinyoni ezimemezayo zindiza nje amabanga amafushane.
Mangaki amapigogo ahlala
Amapigogo yizinyoni ezinde. Isilinganiso sobude besikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka engamashumi amabili.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Njengoba kungahle kubonakale kuxakile, ngoba empilweni yabantu ngamantombazane athanda ukugqoka, yindoda yepigogo kuphela enomsila ombala obala. Abesifazane imvamisa babukeka bethobekile kancane. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusebenzi kwabesifazane nabesilisa bepigogo eliluhlaza, kepha kujwayelekile kuphela. Phakathi kwabamele amapikoko aluhlaza, i-dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwa ngokuphelele.
Izinhlobo zepigogo
Izinhlobo ezintathu zepigogo eziyinhloko yipigogo eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka laseNdiya, ipigogo eliluhlaza kanye neCongo. Okunye ukwehluka kokuzalela kwalezi zinyoni kufaka phakathi okumhlophe, okunamaphiko amnyama, kanye nonsundu, ophuzi kanye nsomi. Akunandaba ukuthi kungabonakala kanjani, uma ubheka imibala ehlukahlukene yamapikoko, ukuthi kunezinhlobo eziningi, lokhu akunjalo. Ngokwesiko, kukholelwa ukuthi zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela - ezejwayelekile (amaNdiya) kanye neJavanese (oluhlaza). Uhlobo lwesithathu luhlukaniswe kancane kuhlu. Ngempela, njengomphumela wokulingwa kokuwela kwabantu balezi zinhlobo ezimbili, owesithathu wazalwa, okwazi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqiza inzalo evundile.
Izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezikhethiwe ngokuyinhloko ziyehluka ngokubukeka... Ipigogo elijwayelekile linamaphiko empunga, intamo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomsila oguquguqukayo, opholile. Umhlaba uyazi nepigogo elinamahlombe amnyama anombala wegwababa namaphiko aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Bambiza ngamaphiko amnyama. Kukhona nabamhlophe, kuyilapho bengeke babhekwe njengama-albino. Olunye uhlobo olujwayelekile lubandakanya amapigogo anombala omnyama futhi ahlukahlukene, kanye namalahle noma ipigogo elimhlophe, onsomi kanye ne-lavender, ipigogo lethusi laseBuford, i-opal, ipentshisi nombala osiliva.
Lezi zinhlobo zifaka ama-subspecies afana nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka naphakathi kwamabili. Ngenkathi yokuxuba ukuhlukahluka okuyisisekelo okungamashumi amabili kwezimpaphe zombala zamapikoko avamile, kungenzeka, ngokwezibalo zokuqala, ukuthola izixazululo zemibala ezihlukene ezingaba ngu-185 zezinyoni ezithile.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ipigogo eliluhlaza libuye licebile kuma-subspecies. Lawa mapikoko aseJavane, ama-Indo-Chinese aluhlaza, ama-Burmese, amaCongo noma amapikoko ase-Afrika. Amagama, kanye nokwehluka kwangaphandle, kungenxa yezindawo zokuhlala ezahlukene zezinyoni ezethulwayo.
Ipigogo eliluhlaza linombala ogqamile, umzimba walo wonke umbozwe izimpaphe ezihehayo, eziluhlaza okotshani. Lezi zinhlobo zendabuko eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ipigogo eliluhlaza libukeka lilihle. Akanalo izwi elinokhahlo kangaka, izimpaphe zine-tints metallic silver tint. Umzimba, imilenze nentamo yalezi zinhlobo kukhulu kakhulu kunaleyo yepigogo elivamile. Une-crest ezwakalayo ngaphezulu kwekhanda lakhe.
Indawo yokuhlala
Uhla lwamazwe lapho kuhlala khona lezi zinyoni ezinhle lincane impela. Izindawo zangempela zokuhlala kwemvelo yiNdiya (kanye namaphethelo ePakistan, eSri Lanka naseNepal), e-Afrika (iningi lamahlathi emvula aseCongo) naseThailand. Amapikoko manje ahlala kwamanye amazwe alethwa lapho ngokuzenzela.
Ukugasela kuka-Alexander Omkhulu kwavumela amapikoko ukuba alawule amazwe aseYurophu. Phambilini, balethwa abathengisi nabahambi abavamile eGibhithe, e-Australia, eRoma, nasekujuleni kwe-Asia ne-India.
Ukudla kwepigogo
Ngokwesimiso sokondla, amapikoko angama-omnivores. Badla izingxenye zezitshalo, amacembe ezimbali, amakhanda embewu, kanye nezinambuzane namanye ama-arthropods, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni. Izinyoka ezincane namagundane kungavela kwimenyu. Amahlumela amancane nazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhambi kubhekwa njengesibiliboco esikhethekile.
Ukudla okuyinhloko nokuthandwa ngamaphikoko kubhekwa njengokusanhlamvu okunomsoco. Kungakho zitholakala kaningi eduze nomhlaba wezolimo. Amapikoko avame ukudala ukulimala emasimini okusanhlamvu ngenxa yama-forays abo. Lapho nje sebebonwa ngabanikazi bempahla, basheshe bacashe ngemuva komkhathi wezihlahla notshani, yize kunesisindo nobude obude bomsila wabo.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Amapikoko ayisithembu ngokwemvelo. Endle, abesilisa balezi zinyoni bavame ukuba nezintokazi zangempela zezinsikazi ezi-2-5. Uphephezelisa umsila wakhe omuhle, ahehe izintokazi ezingenalwazi zilandelana, ngemuva kwalokho uhlala nazo zonke ngasikhathi sinye. Imidlalo yokukhwelana yamapikoko mihle kakhulu... Lapho nje intombazane yepigogo inaka umsila kanokusho walowo ongase akhethwe, uyafulathela ngokudelela, akhombise ukungabi nandaba ngokuphelele.
Ngokwemvelo, ukujika okunjalo kwemicimbi akuhambisani nale ntokazi futhi iphoqeleka ukuthi imzungeze ukuze iphinde ivele phambi kwakhe. Ngakho-ke ukusebenza kombukiso kushintshana ngokunganaki kuze kube ngumzuzu lapho owesifazane "ewela esikhonkosini" secebo lobuqili lowesilisa. Ngemuva kokuhlangana kombhangqwana, inkathi yokuzalanisa iyaqala. Kuqala ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, ngesikhathi semvula eyengeziwe.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ukuvuthwa kwepigogo lengane kwenzeka lapho selinezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyishumi ubudala. Izilwane ezisencane ezingakafiki eminyakeni eyodwa nohhafu azinazo izimpaphe zomsila ezinhle ezinde. Ngakho-ke, abantu abasha abahlukile kakhulu komunye nomunye. Umsila oyinganekwane nosayizi ogcwele uvela kupigogo kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu wokuphila kwawo.
Ngemuva kwalokho, sekuyisikhathi sokubekela amaqanda. Ekuthunjweni, insikazi ingabeka cishe imivimbo emithathu ngonyaka. Endle, kuzalwa udoti owodwa kuphela. Njengomthetho, i-clutch eyodwa iqukethe amaqanda amathathu kuya kwayishumi. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha cishe izinsuku ezingamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili. Kuzalwa izingane okuthi, ngosuku lwesithathu lokuphila kwazo, zikwazi ukuhamba ngokuzimela, zidle futhi ziphuze. Ngasikhathi sinye, insikazi ibagcina ngaphansi kweso elibukhali isikhathi eside, ihlinzeka ngokunakekelwa okufanele, ngoba imvuthu ezisanda kuzalwa zithinteka kakhulu emakhazeni nasekuswakeni okweqile.
Izitha zemvelo
Endle, ingozi enkulu yamapikoko amakati asendle. Okungukuthi - ama-panther, ama-tiger nezingwe, i-jaguar. Amapikoko amadala kaningi, afisa ukusinda, angena empini engalingani nawo. Kodwa-ke, ngisho nekhono lokucasha emagatsheni alisizi kangako kuma-dendrites ekati. Ezinye izidalwa ezisemhlabeni ezifana nama-mongooses noma amakati amancane adla izilwane ezincane.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Yize i-Indian Peacock iyinyoni kazwelonke yase-India, ngokusho kohlu lwe-IUCN, ngeshwa, amapikoko afakiwe kuhlu lwezinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, ukuzondla okudlangile nokushushumbisa okungekho emthethweni kube nomphumela wokwehla kwalezi zidalwa ezinhle eminyakeni edlule.
Kuyathakazelisa!Amapikoko ayephekwa futhi enziwa njengasebukhosini ngezikhathi zasendulo, uphaphe lwepigogo luphethe inani elikhulu ekukhiqizeni ubucwebe, izigqoko nezindebe nje. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwenziwa isiko lokubahlobisa ngezingubo zabo, izigqoko nezinto zasendlini. Lokhu kwakuthathwa njengophawu lokuba ngowabantu abakhethekile abahola kakhulu.
Isimo maqondana namapikoko emazweni ahlukene omhlaba siphikisana ngokuphelele... Kokunye, kufaniswa nophawu lombuso. Uhlonishwa njengesibikezelo semvula nokuvuna, ejabulela ubuhle bakhe obuyisithunzi nesithunzi sakhe. Kwabanye, le nyoni ithathwa njengebika lenkinga, isivakashi esingamenyiwe, umuntu ongaziwa enyameni, ecekela phansi amasimu.
