Ama-seagulls anamaqhuqhuva, izinyoni ezinhlanhlathayo, ezilungele kakhulu ukudla okumnandi kwantambama. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zazo, kepha zonke zinomlingiswa ofanayo. Lapho kuhlala khona lezi zilwane, ukuthi zikhetha kanjani ukwakha izidleke nokukhulisa izingane zazo, sizokhuluma esihlokweni.
Incazelo yolwandle
Zonke izinhlanzi zingezomndeni wezinyoni zeGull. Kanye nama-tern kanye nama-skimmers. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngamashumi amahlanu zezinhlanzi ezitholakala emhlabeni wonke, ezimelwe yizinhlobo eziningi. Ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwegama elijwayelekile elithi "gulls", azitholakali kuphela ezindaweni zasolwandle, ezingasogwini noma zepelagic. Iningi lalezi zinyoni lenza kahle ezindaweni ezihlala ngaphakathi ezweni.
Kuyathakazelisa!Futhi zingatholakala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, emikhakheni yezolimo, noma ngisho nasezindaweni ezisemadolobheni nezasemadolobheni kude nogu lwemizimba yamanzi. Ama-seagulls ngokuvamile awatholakali ezintabeni eziphakeme, izingwadule ezingenalutho kakhulu, noma emahlathini aminyene.
Ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaqhubu kuhluke kakhulu. Ama-seagull nawo awahlukile. Izinhlobonhlobo zalezi zinyoni ezinezimpaphe ezibomvana zidume ngempela. Sekuyisikhathi eside kunenganekwane yokuthi izinhlwathi ezipinki zingubuhle bamantombazane amthakathi aziphindiselela nawo ngenxa yobuhle bawo obungaqhamuki. Ngokusobala, wabaminza emanzini abomvana ngenxa yomona, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho kwavela izinyoni ezibomvana esibhakabhakeni - imiphefumulo yabo engenacala, kuze kube namuhla isiza amatilosi asenkingeni.
Ukubukeka
Ukuvela kwe-seagull kuhlobene kakhulu nezinhlobo, ngoba uhlobo ngalunye lunokwehluka kwalo. Kepha futhi banokuthile abafana ngakho. Isibonelo, bonke banomzimba omude, ohlanjululwe kahle nge-aerodynamic. Futhi umsila ocishe ube yisikwele namaphiko amade. Abesilisa nabesifazane ngaphandle abahlukile nganoma iyiphi indlela. Izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezimhlophe zingabamele asebekhulile bezinyoni, kanti abasha banombala onsundu ngombala.
Kuyathakazelisa!Isisindo sesilwane sisuka ku-150 amagremu kuya kuma-2 kilograms, kuya ngohlobo. Usayizi - kusuka 30 kuya ku-80 amasentimitha.
Zinemilenze yobomvu noma emnyama yobude obuphakathi naphakathi noqhwaku olunamandla oluxhumeke.... Lesi sakhiwo siyadingeka ukuze ukwazi ukubamba inyamazane yasolwandle eshelelayo. Ubukhulu bezinyoni buyehluka kuye ngohlobo lwazo. Kukhona ulwelwesi on ngezidladla. Abamele olwandle bangaziqhayisa ngobukhona babo, abakhileyo olwandle abanabo. Umbala wama-gull uyaphikisana. Ngaphansi okumhlophe kuhlanganiswe nokumakwa okumnyama ekhanda namathiphu amaphiko enyoni. Cishe wonke umzimba umhlophe, ngaphandle kobukhona bemasking imivimbo emnyama emnyama ngemuva kwezinye izinhlobo. Izimpaphe ze-seagull azinamanzi. Lokhu kusiza isilwane ukuthi sigcine sintanta ngempumelelo.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Ama-seagulls ayizinyoni zamakoloni kuphela. Ikoloni elilodwa lingabalelwa ezinkulungwaneni eziningana zabantu abadala kanye nenzalo yabo. Noma ngabe bahlala phansi noma befuduka, akunakwenzeka ukuphendula ngokungangabazeki. Iningi liyandiza ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo liye ezifundeni ezifudumele, kepha ezinye zihlala eduze kwamadolobha uma kunethuba lokuzondla emigwaqweni. Ngokungafani nezinyoni eziningi ezihlala phezulu, izingwe zasolwandle ziyandiza futhi zihamba phezu komhlaba. Lezi yizilwane ezi-monogamous ezingena esivumelwaneni nabalingani babo iminyaka eminingi.
Ama-seagulls ayashintsha. Bachitha isikhathi esiningi sosuku befuna ukudla.... Lezi yizidalwa ezinenkani ngokwedlulele ezibonisa ubuhlakani obukhulu ekukhipheni ukudla. Isibonelo, ukuze kudliwe nge-mollusk entsha, evalwe ngegobolondo eliminyene, i-seagull ayivilaphi ukukhuphukela phezulu negobolondo ngomlomo wayo, ukuze iphonswe etsheni. Igobolondo liyaphuka futhi, voila, kudliwe ukudla.
Futhi, izinhlanzi zasolwandle zifuna ukudla emigwaqweni yedolobha, abesabi abantu futhi baze bacele nezinhlanzi nesinkwa kubo. Lezi zinyoni zijwayela kalula kunoma iyiphi indawo. Kusukela ekuseni kakhulu bazungeza imizimba yamanzi, babuyele ebusuku kuphela endaweni ephephile ebikhethwe ngaphambili. Indawo enjalo kufanele ingafinyeleleki ezilwaneni ezihlaselayo futhi ivikeleke emoyeni ohlabayo.
Zingaki izilo zasolwandle ezihlala
Ngokwesilinganiso, endle, ama-seagulls aphila iminyaka eyi-15 kuya kwengu-20.
Izinhlobo zasolwandle
Cishe izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingama-60 zingezomndeni wakwaGull. Ukubukeka kwezinyoni ezingavuthiwe kuhluke kakhulu kozakwabo abadala, ngakho-ke, cabanga ngezici ezithile zabantu abadala. Inhlwathi enamakhanda amnyama ingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu. Ikhanda lakhe lihlotshiswe ngophawu olinsundu ebusweni bakhe ngomhlane omhlophe ohlukile ekhanda nasemzimbeni. Uhlala emanzini amasha amachibi nemifula, ubude bale nyoni bungamasentimitha angama-40, kanti isisindo siyi-250-350 amagremu.
I-gull encane ingumnikazi werekhodi osayizi. Leli yilungu lomndeni elincane kunawo wonke. Isisindo sabo asivamile ukudlula amagremu ayi-100, futhi usayizi wazo ungamasentimitha angama-30. Banenhloko emnyama ngokuphelele, bakhetha ukuhlala emaxhaphozini, emifuleni nasemachibini. Inxanxathela yaseMedithera ihlukaniswa neminye ngemilenze yayo ekhanyayo ephuzi, iris noqhwaku. Lezi yizinyoni ezinamakhanda amhlophe ezinamaphiko ansundu, zinemibuthano ebomvu emehlweni azo. Inxanxathela yaseMedithera ihlala ogwini.
I-relic gull isengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Ngenkathi efudumele, emzimbeni omhlophe ngokuphelele wale nyoni, amamaki amnyama ekhanda namathiphu amaphiko ayabonakala. Ebusika, umbala uba mhlophe nje. Unemilenze ebomvu qwa nobomvu. Ubude benyoni ngamasentimitha angama-45. Inja emnyama enekhanda elimnyama ingumuntu omkhulu ngokwedlulele. Ubude bomzimba wayo bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-70. Isisindo seqhawe sishintsha cishe ngama-2 kilograms. Banamaphiko empunga, umzimba omhlophe, ikhanda elimnyama, noqhwaku olunewolintshi olunophawu olumnyama esicutshini. Indawo emhlophe itholakala ngenhla nangaphansi kweso.
Ijuba lasolwandle liyinyoni engamasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu, nekhanda elimhlophe, izimpiko ezimpunga nomhlane... Inomlomo obomvu omuhle nemilenze. Umsila namaphiko kufakwe izimpaphe ezimnyama. I-Herring Gull ishaya ngobuhle bayo nolaka ngasikhathi sinye. Inyoni ekhanyayo eyihhafu nesigamu inamaphiko empunga nomsila omnyama. Izidladla zinombala opinki, uqhwaku luphuzi, lugobile ekugcineni.
Kunhlobo enkulu yezinhlanzi - i-black cluck. Inesisindo esifinyelela ku-800 amagremu futhi sikhula sibe ngamasentimitha angama-55 ubude. Unomzimba omhlophe, ngaphandle kwamaphiko ampunga. Le nyoni inemilenze ephuzi nomlomo ogoqekile esiqongweni, izindingilizi ezibomvu ezizungeze amehlo. I-Gull, noma i-steppe gull, ifinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha angama-65. Lona ummeleli omkhulu ngokwanele. Yize enamakhilogremu angu-1,300, ubukeka enomusa futhi eziqhenya. Umlomo nemilenze kuphuzi, umzimba umhlophe, ufakwe izimpiko ezimpunga nezimpaphe zomsila omnyama.
Kuyathakazelisa!I-polar gull yisilwane esikhulu esihlala ezindaweni ze-Arctic. Ngokuqondile - enyakatho yeGreenland neCanada.
Inhlanzi yasolwandle yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke. Umhlophe ngaphandle kwamaphiko amnyama ampunga. Le nyoni inemilenze ephaphathekile ephinki noqhwaku oluphuzi. Ephethweni, ligobile futhi linendawo ebomvu ngokugqamile. Inxanxathela emnyama inomsila osondelene nenyoni empunga-mpunga - 75 isentimitha. Unesifuba esimhlophe, isisu, emuva nekhanda. Umsila wenhlanzi enomsila omnyama uhlotshiswe ngomugqa ocacile omnyama. Uqhwaku lwawo, olunamamaki abomvu namnyama esihlokweni, luhle kakhulu.
I-Fork-tailed Gull ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha angama-35. Inesici esithandekayo: ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, ikhanda lesilwane liphenduka libe mpunga mnyama. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, kuphenduka kubemhlophe futhi. Umzimba umhlophe, izimpiko zimpunga, futhi umsila unezimpaphe ezimnyama ezikhanyayo. I-Ivory gull ihlala e-Arctic. Ibala elimhlophe lomzimba wakhe lihlanjululwa ngezidladla ezimnyama nangoqhwaku oluphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani.
Indawo yokuhlala
Ama-seagulls akhetha izindawo eziseduze nemizimba yamanzi njengendawo yawo yokuhlala. Bahlala noma kuphi lapho ulwandle lukhona. Ezinye izinhlobo azideleli imizimba yamanzi nemifula. Laba baphangi abanomsindo babangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu ngokweba ukudla, bangcolise yonke into ngokuzungeza ngobulongwe babo nangokukhala okungapheli. Zitholakala eduze kwemikhumbi, lapho zicela kakhulu nangokuphikelela ukudla. Kodwa-ke, ama-seagulls angukuhleleka kwangempela kogu namanzi.
Ukudla kwe-seagull
Ama-seagulls angazungeza phezu kwamanzi amahora amaningi efuna ukudla. Lapho zibona inhlanzi, zindiza emanzini ngomcibisholo, zicwilisa futhi zibambe inyamazane ngomlomo wazo oqinile. Bangakwazi futhi ukuzungeza izinhlanzi ezinkulu, bezama ukubamba ukubamba kwabo. Ukudla okuthandayo okuvela ogwini izinkalankala, izimbaza kanye ne-jellyfish. I-seagull elambile ngeke ibukele phansi isidumbu esitholakele. Yilesi sici sabo abantu abasithanda kakhulu, kanye nokuqoqwa kukadoti nezindwangu ezivela emabhishi, ezidingekayo ekwakheni izidleke.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ama-seagull aqala "ukucabanga" ngokudalwa kwenzalo eneminyaka engu-1-4 ubudala. Ngesikhathi se- "bouquet-candy", owesifazane uyaye athathe isinyathelo. Yena, ngokoqobo, ukhombisa ukudla kowesilisa, okuletha ngokufanele kuye futhi akuphe okuvela emlonyeni wakhe.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- Inyoni eyi-Cormorant
- Inyoni Coot
- Inqe lenyoni
- Inyoni rook
Ukuhlala emakoloni amakhulu, izinhlanzi zihlela izidleke ebangeni elingamamitha angu-0,5-10 ukusuka komunye nomunye. Maphakathi nesidleke kunekhefu, izindonga nezansi zenziwe ngamanikiniki nodoti omncane. Insikazi izalela cishe amaqanda ama-3 ngasikhathi sinye.
Bobabili abazali bahlanganyela ekufukameleni. Lokhu kuthatha amasonto amathathu kuya kwamane. Bobabili bayabandakanyeka enqubeni yokondla. Ukondla inzalo yezinhlanzi zasolwandle akulula. Amachwane athanda kakhulu futhi adinga ukudla okungenani izikhathi ezi-5-6 ngosuku.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kakade ngemuva kwamasonto angu-1.5-2 ubudala, bangaqala ukushiya isidleke bahambe. Futhi kwezinye izinsuku ezingama-25-30 bangakwazi ukundiza.
Ama-seagull ngokuhlanganyela nangokuzivikela ngokuqinile ezindaweni zawo. Njengoba isihlakaniphi esingenangqondo sisondela, ziqala ukuqhuma kakhulu esibhakabhakeni, zimemeze kakhulu futhi zithulule ubulongwe kulesi sivakashi esingamenyiwe. Isilinganiso asijabulisi, kepha siyasebenza.
Izitha zemvelo
Izinkunzi azinazo izitha zemvelo. Lokhu akumangazi, uma kubhekwa ubukhulu benyoni endala nesimo esinolaka.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Ngokwanda okuvamile nenani elikhulu lama-gull, phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobo ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Isibonelo, i-relic gull.
