Ikhanda lokufa - igama elibi kangaka lanikezwa izinkawu ze-saimiri ezivela kwabomdabu, ababona umbala ongajwayelekile wesifonyo sabo, okuvela kude okufana nokhakhayi olumenyezelayo.
Incazelo yemonkey simiri
Lolu hlobo lwezinkawu ezinamakhala abanzi luyingxenye yomndeni onomsila onamasondo futhi lumelwe yizinhlobo ezinhlanu:
- I-Saimiri oerstedii - i-saimiri enamaphepha abomvu;
- Saimiri sciureus - ingwejeje saimiri;
- I-saimiri ustus - i-saimiri engenalutho;
- ISaimiri boliviensis - iSaimiri yaseBolivia
- Saimiri vanzolini - black saimiri.
Phakathi kwabo, lezi zinhlobo ziyehluka ngendawo yokuhlala, umbala wejazi nosayizi (ngokungasho lutho).
Ukubukeka, ubukhulu
Lezi zinkawu ezincane, ezikhula zifike ku-30-40 cm nesisindo esingu-0.7-1.2 kg... Ngenxa yokubizwa kwe-dimorphism yezocansi, abesilisa bahlala bebakhulu kunabesifazane. Umbala uphethwe ngamathoni omnqumo aluhlaza-mpunga noma amnyama, ahlanjululwe ngoboya obumhlophe ezindlebeni, ezinhlangothini, emphinjeni kanye nokuluhlaza omhlophe obanzi ezungeze amehlo. Lesi sakamuva, sihlanganiswe nohlaka olumnyama oluminyene oluzungeze ikhala / umlomo, lwakha imaski edumile ebizwa ngokuthi ikhanda elifile.
Ibhantshi lifushane, futhi ngaphambili kwesifonyo, indawo esemakhaleni nezindebe cishe ayinaboya. I-saimiri ine-nape evelele, ibunzi eliphakeme namehlo amakhulu asethwe asondele. Kunamazinyo angama-32 emlonyeni, ama-canines abanzi futhi made.
Kuyathakazelisa! USaimiri ungumpetha phakathi kwezinkawu ngokwesilinganiso sobuchopho (24 g) isisindo somzimba. Ku-saimiri, kubukeka njengo-1/17, nakubantu - 1/35. Ukulingana ne-saimiri, umuntu kufanele abe nekhanda elikhulu kathathu kunesisindo samanje sobuchopho obungu-4 kg.
Kuyiqiniso, ubukhulu bobuchopho abuzange buphazamise i-IQ yenkawu, ngoba imvelo ikhohliwe ukukuhlomisa ngama-convolutions. Izinkawu zihamba ngemilenze emi-4 emincane, lapho ezangaphambili zimfushane kunezingemuva. I-saimiri inabile, iminwe eqinile esiza ukubambelela emagatsheni. Emilenzeni yangaphambili izinzipho ziyacaba. Uzwane olukhulu luvame ukubonakala futhi luphikisane nokunye. Umsila, osebenza njenge-balancer, uhlala umude ukwedlula umzimba futhi ufinyelela kuma-40-50 cm ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Izinkawu zivame ukuphaphama emini, zifuna ukudla.... Ziyizilwane zomphakathi, zakha amaqembu abantu abayi-10 kuye kwayi-100 (kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu). Imiphakathi iyaxakaniseka - amalungu ayo ayahlakazeka noma ahlangane futhi. Iqembu lemfene lidla endaweni esukela kumahektha angama-35 kuye kwangama-65. Naphezu kokuvelela kwabesifazane (cishe ama-60/40), bangabasesigabeni esiphakathi, futhi iqembu liholwa ngabesilisa abanolwazi.
I-Saimiri ihamba njalo, imboza kusuka ku-2,5 kuya ku-4.2 km ngosuku, kuthi kusihlwa bakhuphuke beze eziqongweni zemithi yesundu ukuze bangaphazanyiswa yizilwane ezizingelayo. Ngaphambi kokulala, izinkawu ziyaxabana zifuna izindawo ezihamba phambili, ngoba akekho ofuna ukulala onqenqemeni. Bazumeka, behlisa amakhanda abo phakathi kwamadolo abo bese becindezelana, babambelela egatsheni ngemilenze yabo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Vala ukwangana, lapho kuhlangene khona izinkawu eziyi-10-12, zisiza ukubalekela ukuphola kobusuku. Ngenhloso efanayo (ukuzigcina efudumele) bavame ukusebenzisa umsila wabo omude, bewusonga entanyeni yabo.
AmaSairiiri anokwesaba okukhulu kangangokuba esaba ngisho nokunyakaza ebusuku, kuthi emini abaleke engcupheni encane. Itilosi lihlale lingumholi, eliholela izihlobo endaweni ephephile. Icebo lokweqa alisho ukuthi umzila ophansi - izinkawu zakha intambo bese zihamba ngaphezulu, zibambelele emagatsheni. Ukunyakaza kukaSaimiri kugcwele ubugovu nomusa. Amaphara awagcini nje ngokukhuphuka ezihlahleni, kodwa futhi enza ukweqa okude.
Lapho kuhlangana, amalungu eqembu athinta imilomo yawo. Imisindo ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuxhumana: i-saimiri ingakhala, ikhiphe, ikhwela kanye ne-trill. Izinkawu zikhononda noma zicasukile ngokuvamile ziyakhamuluka futhi zimemeze. Isiginali yenkulumo eyintandokazi iyakhwaza. Ukuhayiza kwenkawu kuzwakala hhayi ekuseni kuphela nakusihlwa kuphela, kodwa nasebusuku, lapho igwalagwala le-saimiri liqhuma kuyo yonke imirhubhe esolisayo.
Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani u-saimiri
Ukube bekungekho ngezifo, izimuncagazi nezidliwayo, i-saimiri ngabe iphila okungenani iminyaka eyi-15. Okungenani ekuthunjweni, abanye abantu baze basinda kwaze kwaba yiminyaka engama-21. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lezi zinkawu kunzima ukuzigcina ema-zoo (ikakhulukazi awaseYurophu) ngenxa yokuzwela kwawo ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu. I-Saimiri ayigxili ngisho nasezweni lakubo, eNingizimu Melika, lapho nje besuka endaweni yabo ejwayelekile yesimo sezulu baye kwenye, ngokwesibonelo, e-steppe. Kungakho ama-saimiri ayivelakancane ema-zoo ase-Europe.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-Saimiri ijwayelekile eNingizimu Melika (ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zayo ezimaphakathi nezisenyakatho). Engxenyeni eseningizimu, uhla lumboza iBolivia, iPeru neParaguay (ngaphandle kwezindawo eziphakeme ezise-Andes). Izilwane zikhetha ukuhlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo okulukhuni akhula osebeni lomfula, zichitha isikhathi esiningi emiqhele yezihlahla / ezihlahleni futhi kwesinye isikhathi zehlele phansi.
Ukudla kwenkawu kweSimiri
Zifuna ukudla, umhlambi wezinkawu uhlakazeka uzungeze indawo ukuze ukame utshani... Ukuxhumana neqembu kugcinwa yi-walkie-talkie enezimpawu zezwi ezikhumbuza ukukhala.
Ukudla endle
I-Saimiri ayidli kuphela izingxenye ezahlukahlukene nezinhlobo zezitshalo, kepha futhi namaprotheni ezilwane. Imenyu yenkawu ifaka phakathi:
- izimbali, amahlumela, amahlumela namaqabunga;
- ushingamu ne-latex (ujusi onobisi);
- amantongomane, imbewu kanye namajikijolo;
- uju, izithelo, izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye namakhambi;
- omiyane, izicabucabu nezimpukane;
- izintethe, izimvemvane nezintuthwane;
- iminenke, izibungu zebhungane, ama-molluscs namaxoxo;
- amatshwele, amaqanda ezinyoni namagundane amancane.
Izitshalo zezithelo zibhujiswa ngezikhathi ezithile. I-Saimiri ama-sluts angavamile. Isitholile isithelo, inkawu iyakhala, iyasicindezela bese iyasicindezela ngezinyawo zayo, ukuze kamuva izikhuhle ngejusi.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-Saimiri ivame ukugqoka amamaki amakha kubo. Lezi zokugcina akuzona iziphuzo zezithelo kuphela, kodwa futhi namathe, uketshezi lwezindlala zangasese / zesikhumba, umchamo nendle. Izazi zezilwane azikasitholi isizathu salokhu kuziphatha.
Ukudla ekuthunjweni
USaimiri uthatha ukudla ngezidladla zangaphambili, kancane kancane ngomlomo wabo. Kukhona ukudla kwe-primate (kufaka phakathi i-dietetic) emakethe, okungcono kakhulu ukucwiliswa emanzini ngaphambi kokuphaka.
Izithako ezinconyiwe zokondla abathunjiweyo:
- izithelo (okuncane ukuze ungabulali isifiso sakho sokudla);
- inyama yenkukhu (ebilisiwe) namaqanda ezigwaca - kabili ngesonto;
- inhlanzi ebilisiwe nemfanzi;
- ulethisi namahlamvu edandelion;
- i-zoophobus, amaphela okudla kanye nezinkumbi (ngezikhathi ezithile);
- amantongomane, imbewu noju akuvamile.
Kwezithelo, kungcono ukugxila kwizithelo ezisawolintshi, ngoba umzimba we-saimiri awazi ukuthi ungakhiqiza kanjani uvithamini C. Imenyu kufanele yehluke, kepha ibe nengqondo. Amaswidi, ama-chips, ama-pizza nakho konke okuthokozisayo okupheka okuyingozi ezilwaneni kuyakhishwa.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi ze-saimiri, inkathi yokukhwelana iqondana nokuphela kwenkathi yemvula futhi ihlala izinyanga eziyi-3-4... Ngalesi sikhathi, bonke abesifazane abavuthiwe ngokocansi baqala i-estrus, futhi abesilisa baba nesisindo futhi baba novalo ikakhulukazi. Bavame ukushiya umhlambi wabo, bezama ukuthola umakoti kumuntu abangamazi, kepha nakanjani bahlangabezana nokuphikiswa ngabashushisi bendawo.
Uma kwenzeka ukukhulelwa, owesifazane uzala ingane cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Eyodwa (okungenani kakhulu izingane ezimbili) izalwa inekhanda elliptical. Kuliqiniso, ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa ikhanda lithatha ukuma kwebhola okujwayelekile.
Okubalulekile! Inkawu inamathela ngokuqinile esifubeni sikanina, ngemuva kwesikhashana iye emhlane wayo, lapho ihlala khona lapho umama elele, ibheke ukudla noma ikhuphuke emagatsheni. Insikazi enethole emhlane, uma kunesidingo, indiza buthule ibanga elifinyelela ku-5 m.
Amanye ama-saimiri ajoyina ekunakekeleni usana olusanda kuzalwa lapho nje eba namasonto ama-3 ubudala, kuthi ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 abe esazimele ngokwengeziwe. Ezinyangeni ezi-2-2.5, umama uyayeka ukuncelisa, kanti inkawu ijoyina imidlalo yamaqembu, kepha ikhefu lokugcina nomama livela ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa. Kwabesifazane abakhulayo, ukuzala kuqala ngeminyaka emi-3, kwabesilisa - ngeminyaka engu-4-6. Ngokushesha nje lapho i-saimiri esencane ingena ebusheni, amanye amalungu omhlambi aqala ukukhombisa ukuqina okukhulu nokuqina kubo.
Izitha zemvelo
Ngaphandle kokuxwayisa okungokwemvelo, ama-saimiri ahlala ekwazi ukuphunyuka kulabo ababasukelayo, futhi azimbalwa kangako emvelweni.
Izitha zemvelo zifaka:
- inhlwathi enokhuni neharpy;
- ama-boas (aphethwe yizinja, ajwayelekile ne-emerald);
- i-jaguar ne-jaguarundi;
- ikati le-ocelot neliferal;
- umuntu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Uhlobo ngalunye lwe-saimiri lunesimo salo sokongiwa. I-simiri yezithulu ithathwa njengesondelene nezinhlobo ezisengozini, njengoba inani laso lizokwehla ngekota kungakapheli iminyaka engama-25 (ukubalwa kwaqala ngo-2008). Abantu basongelwa yizikhukhula ngenkathi kwakhiwa izikhungo zokuphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, ukunwetshwa kwamapulazi nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ashisayo. Ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwendawo ehlala kuyo kanye nokuzingela ngokungemthetho, olunye uhlobo nalo luyahlupheka, simiri omnyama... Wanikezwa isikhundla "sokungabi sengozini".
Isimo nge i-saimiri enezikhala ezibomvu, olushintshe isimo salo ekubeni “sengozini” (sabelwa ngo-2003) saba “sengozini”. Eminyakeni yama-70s yekhulu elidlule, inani labantu lalinenani lamakhanda okungenani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200, esehle aya ezinkulungwaneni ezinhlanu esikhathini sethu. Ama-saimir abomvu abomvu anyamalala ngenxa yephutha labazingeli, abashushumbisi (ukuhweba ngezilwane) nangenxa yemisebenzi yezomnotho yabantu. Iziphathimandla zaseCosta Rican zithathe lezi zinhlobo ngaphansi kokuvikelwa nguhulumeni.
Izici ze-anthropogenic kufanele zibekwe icala lokwehla futhi njenge saimiri ingwejeje, eyayifakwe kwi-International Red Book enophawu "lokuba sengozini encishisiwe". Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zinesiqiniseko sokuthi kungenzeka ukusindisa i-saimiri emhlabeni hhayi ngezinyathelo zokuvikela imvelo kuphela, kodwa nangokuzalanisa okuhlelekile emapaki ezilwane.
