Umuntu ubelokhu exwaya kakhulu izinyoka. Noma ikuphi ukuxhumana nabo kudala uvalo, izinhlangano eziyimfihlakalo kanye nezinkolelo-ze. Futhi uma inyoka nayo inamehlo abomvu, njengekhanda lethusi, khona-ke lokhu bekubhekwa njengomkhiqizo wamandla ayi-100% wamandla amnyama, ubuthakathi, obuklanyelwe ukuqothula umnikazi wendlu, abendlu yakhe nezinkomo ngaphezu kwalokho. Ngokuvamile, konke akulula nge-copperhead. Ngokwabiwa okubanzi kwale nyoka, umuntu akazi okuncane ngayo. Futhi, noma umthathela inzalo kasathane, noma - njengesibankwa esingenamlenze. ICopperhead ayiyona eyodwa noma enye.
Incazelo yeCopperhead
ICopperhead ejwayelekile iyinhlobo yezinyoka ezingezona ezinobuthi zohlobo lweCopperhead, umndeni wezinto esezivele zimile... ICopperhead yinyoka encane, kodwa inamandla futhi inamandla. Ngobude bomzimba obungadluli ku-70 cm, uyakwazi ukubamba ukwesaba okukhulu kumuntu futhi abe yingozi kumagundane amancane ngisho nasezihlotsheni zakhe.
Ukubukeka
Umbala we-copperhead ucacile egameni. Ukushintshashintsha kusuka kokumpunga okukhanyayo kuye kokucishe kube mnyama, ingxenye enkulu, umbala we-copperhead ubomvu-wethusi esiswini futhi ubomvu ngokubomvu. Kukholakala ukuthi ama-grey coppers ahlala kakhulu ezifundeni eziseningizimu. Kuphawulwe futhi ukuthi ngesikhathi se-molting, i-copperhead iba mnyama kunombala wayo ojwayelekile futhi ingaphenduka ibe mpunga iye ensundu emnyama ize ibe mnyama.
Kuyathakazelisa! Amehlo eCopperhead avame ukuba bomvu ngombala futhi umsila wawo ube mncane ngokuphindwe kane kunomzimba wawo.
Abesilisa bezinhlayiya zethusi bayahluka ngombala kwabesifazane. Amathoni abo abomvu, kanti kwabesifazane anombala onsundu. Futhi, ngamandla wethoni, unganquma iminyaka yobudala bekhanda lethusi. Izinyoka ezincane zihlala zikhanya njalo. Uma kunomdwebo, khona-ke kuqhathaniswa kakhulu futhi kuyabonakala kakhulu. Ngokuqondene nephethini engemuva elijwayelekile, akusona isibonakaliso esiyisibopho se-copperhead evamile. Kwabanye abantu, umzimba unezindawo ezinsundu nezimnyama kanye nolayini, kokunye awunalo, noma lezi zindawo zivezwa ngendlela ebucayi kangangokuthi cishe azihlukaniseki.
Kunezici ezi-5 zesici se-copperhead. Zibuye zihlukanise nezici zayo kusuka kunyoka, lapho ikhanda lethusi livame ukudideka ngenxa yokufana nosayizi nombala.
Inhloko eyisicaba, icishe ihlangane nomzimba.
- Inyoka inolayini ocacile phakathi kwekhanda nomzimba.
Ikhanda limbozwe ama-scute amakhulu.
- Inyoka le inamahawu amancane.
Izikali ziyashelela, zinamabala ocwecwe ecwebezelayo.
- Inyoka inezikali ezinembambo.
Umfundi we-copperhead uyindilinga.
- Inyoka inomfundi oqonde mpo.
ICopperhead ayinamazinyo aqhuba ubuthi.
- Inyoka ine.
Indlela yokuphila, isimilo
ICopperhead yi-thermophilic... Ukhetha izingilazi ezivulekile nezingcwecwe zezidleke, kuthi ngosuku oluhle athande ukuzijabulisa elangeni. Ngesizathu esifanayo, lenyoka iyasebenza emini futhi ayivamile ukuphuma iyozingela ebusuku, ikhetha ukuhlala endaweni yayo yokuhlala lapho kumnyama futhi ipholile.
ICopperhead iboshwe ezidlekeni zayo... Futhi akajahi ukushintsha indawo yokuhlala yakhe - uqhekeko oluthandayo edwaleni, phakathi kwamatshe, imbobo endala yamagundane, isikhala ngaphansi kwegxolo lomuthi owile. Njengoba ikhethe indawo ethokomele, le nyoka izothembeka kuye impilo yayo yonke, uma othile engayichithi indlu yakhe.
ICopperhead iyisizungu... Akadingi inkampani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nyoka izovikela indawo yayo esihlotsheni. Uma kunesidingo, uzokwenza nokuhlasela okufutheka komakhelwane ongafuneki, amlume amudle. Yingakho ungeke ukwazi ukuthola amakhanda wethusi amabili endaweni eyodwa encane. Ukuphela kwesikhathi lapho lezi zinyoka ziyoxhumana khona yisikhathi sokukhwelana. Kepha ngemuva kocansi, izindlela zabalingani zihlukana unomphela.
ICopperheads ibhukuda kahle, kepha ayithandi ukukwenza... Bahlangana namanzi ngokungananazi ngokweqile nangaphandle kwesidingo. Azihlali ezindaweni ezinomswakama.
Ama-Copperheads ahamba kancane... Ngalesi sizathu, banamasu akhethekile okuzingela. Abajahi umdlalo, kodwa bakhetha ukuwubuka, bahlala benganyakazi isikhathi eside. Lapho kufika isikhathi esifanele, inyoka iyaganga ibheke kulowo ohlukunyezwayo bese iyasibamba. Isicubu somzimba esinamandla sivumela i-copperhead, ibambe inyamazane ngensimbi, ukuyisonga ngokuyiqinisa kangangokuba inganyakazi nhlobo. Lokhu kunganga okuqinile akudingekile ukuklinya isisulu. ICopperhead ingayibamba iqine ukuze kube lula ukuyigwinya iphelele.
ICopperhead inamaqhinga okuzivikela... Endabeni lapho isisulu siyikhanda lethusi uqobo, lisebenzisa amaqhinga okuzivikela: lisonga libe ibhola eliqinile, ngaphakathi lifihle ikhanda lalo. Ngezikhathi ezithile, ukhipha ngokucijile ikhanda lakhe ebholeni bese ephonsa ebheke esitha.
Ezandleni zomuntu, ikhanda lethusi lasendle ngeke liziphathe ngokukhululeka, kepha lizozama ukuluma. Uyakwazi ukuluma ngesikhumba kuze kube yigazi. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuziphatha okungenabungani kuvikele idumela elibi ngale nyoka - inobuthi futhi iyingozi. Kepha empeleni, uziphatha ngale ndlela ngoba wethukile kakhulu. Ubufakazi balokhu ukuziphatha kwekhanda lethusi ekuthunjweni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nyoka ijwayela i-terrarium futhi iqala nokuthatha ukudla ezandleni zomnikazi wayo.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Endle, i-copperhead yesibindi eside ineminyaka engu-12-15 ubudala. Kepha kaningi akahlali kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezitha nezingozi ezimcathamelayo. Ekuthunjweni, ngokunakekelwa kahle, lezi zinyoka zinamathuba onke okuphila isikhathi eside.
Ingabe ikhanda lethusi linoshevu
ERussia, kwakukhona inkolelo yokuthi ukulunywa yinyoka enesikali esinombala wethusi kwenza umuntu afe. Ngokwamahemuhemu adumile, ukufa kufanele kufike ngokushona kwelanga futhi isisulu sokulunywa ushevu kungasolwa kuphela ngezinyathelo ezeqile - isandla / umlenze osikiwe noma ucezu olusikiwe lapho kulunywe khona. Ososayensi bapholisa amakhanda ashisayo anenkolelo-ze: i-copperhead ayiyona ingozi kubantu. Futhi, ngokuvamile, kungokwalabo umndeni kakade ezimise.
ICopperhead ayisiyo ingozi kubantu. Futhi ukulunywa kwakhe, ngisho nasegazini, ngeke kuholele ekulahlekelweni yimpilo, kuphela ekuzweleni okushisayo nokungahambi kahle, ngokwengqondo ngaphezulu. ICopperhead inezindlala ezinobuthi, kepha ikhiqiza ubuthi obuncane kakhulu ukubulala isilwane esikhulu kangaka njengomuntu. Kepha kwabafo abanegazi elibandayo namagundane amancane, ubuthi bawo buyingozi yokufa.
Indawo yokuhlala
Indawo yokuhlala i-copperhead evamile ihlathi elibanzi, kodwa hhayi elinabantu abaningi. Ungahlangana naye noma kuphi - eYurophu, e-Asia, e-Afrika, kepha laba kuzoba ngabantu abangashadile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya enyakatho, iyanda kakhulu le nyoka.
Kuyathakazelisa! ICopperhead incane kakhulu kunezinyoka nezinyoka.
Imingcele yobubanzi be-copperhead ivame ukunqunywa yisimo sokushisa nezimo zezulu. EYurophu, iCopperhead ibonakala kuwo wonke amazwe, ngaphandle kwase-Ireland, eNyakatho Scandinavia, naseziqhingini zaseMedithera. E-Afrika, itholakala ezingxenyeni ezisentshonalanga nasenyakatho yezwekazi. E-Asia - eningizimu.
Ngokuqondene neRussia, ikhanda lethusi laligcwele zonke izifunda zalo eziseningizimu. Empumalanga, wafika eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeSiberia, enyakatho - ezifundeni zaseTula, eSamara, eKursk naseRyazan. Ezifundeni zaseMoscow naseVladimir, kutholwe okukodwa kwale nyoka. Izindawo ezihlala njalo zekhanda lethusi zingamahlathi aqinile futhi aqinile. Le nyoka ithanda amahlathi kaphayini, kepha igwema amadlelo avulekile nama-steppes. Akaphephile lapho. Kwesinye isikhathi i-copperhead ingena ezintabeni, ikhethe imithambeka egcwele izihlahla.
Ukudla kwe-Copperhead
Ubukhulu bale nyoka abuyivumeli ukuba ibukise ngesilinganiso sayo sokudla. Akukho ukuhlukahluka okuthile kwimenyu yekhanda lethusi. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yayo iqukethe izibankwa nezinyoka ezincane. Endaweni yesibili kukhona amagundane - amagundane, ama-voles, ama-shrews. Ukudla "okuthathu" kuvalwa amaphuphu adlulayo ngisho nenzalo enqunu yamagundane.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ama-Copperheads abonakala ekudleni kwabantu.
I-copperhead ejwayelekile iyaphawuleka ngokudla kwayo okungavamile. Kwakunezimo lapho izibankwa ezintathu zitholwa ngasikhathi sinye esiswini sakhe.
Ukuzala nenzalo
ICopperhead isebenza izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukushiya inzalo ukuze, ngonembeza omsulwa, aye ebusika - ngoSepthemba-Okthoba. Ukwenza konke, isikhathi sokumatanisa senyoka siyintwasahlobo.
Okubalulekile! Ekhanda lethusi, inqubo yokukhwelana ingenzeka ekwindla. Kulokhu, isidoda sigcinwa emzimbeni wowesifazane kuze kube sentwasahlobo, ku-spermatozoa sakhe. Futhi inzalo izalwa noma kunjalo ehlobo kuphela.
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, eyeduna ibamba insikazi emhlathini ngemihlathi yayo, isonta ngomzimba wayo.Ibhere loju lizala amaphuphu alo ephila, ngezicubu zamaqanda. Uthwala amaqanda kuye kuze kube yilapho sekukhule ngokugcwele imibungu.
Iqanda elilodwa lingaqukatha amaqanda angafika kwangu-15. Ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa kwamaqanda, amawundlu adabula igobolondo lawo ngaphakathi bese akhasa ekukhanyeni kosuku. Le yinyoka ephelele, enobude bomzimba obufinyelela ku-17 cm.
Kusukela ekuzalweni bazimele ngokuphelele futhi abadingi mama... Izingane zishiya ngokushesha isidleke sikanina ziqale impilo yokuzimela, zimemezele ukuzingelwa kwezibankwa ezincane nezinambuzane. Kepha ama-copperheads aqala ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuphela eneminyaka engu-3.
Izitha zemvelo
Ukufana kwezinyoka namasu okuzivikela ahlaba umxhwele, ahambisana nephunga elibi, elixosha izindlala ze-periocalacal, alisizi kakhulu i-copperhead. Unezitha eziningi ezibulalayo. Okuyinhloko yilezi: ama-hedgehogs, ama-martens, izingulube zasendle, amagundane nezinyoni. Ngisho nezinyoni zezingoma namaxoxo otshani bayawasaba ngenkathi kukhula amawundlu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Inani elincane labantu baseCopperhead ezindaweni zokuhlala liyachazwa, ikakhulu, ngesisekelo sokudla kwalo - izibankwa... Lokhu kuphakelwa kokudla akuthembekile njengamagundane namaxoxo. Isixhumanisi esikuchungechunge lokudla - iCopperhead Lizard - sihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu. Futhi ukwehla kwesibankwa ngokushesha kuthinta kabi inani lezinhloko zethusi. Umuntu obulala inhloko yethusi emhlanganweni wokuqala, eyithatha njengenyoka, naye uyanikela.
Namuhla, amanye amazwe ase-Europe avikela i-copperheads, enqabela ukubanjwa nokubhujiswa kwabo ngumthetho. ERussia, ikhanda lethusi alikho ohlwini lweRed Book of the Russian Federation. Kepha kusezincwadini zeRed Data Books zezifunda ezingama-23 zeRussian Federation, ama-republics aseBashkortostan, Udmurtia, Chuvashia, Mordovia, Kalmykia, Tatarstan. Umbono usesithasiselweni seRed Data Books yezifunda zeVladimir nePenza. EBelarus nase-Ukraine, i-copperhead ifakiwe kwiRed Book.
