Ukuzilibazisa kuyinyoni encane yokuzingela yohlobo lwe-falcon, ehlala ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Eurasia naseNyakatho Afrika. Isilwane esidla kakhulu sondla kakhulu kwezinye izinambuzane nezinyoni ezincane, ezikwazi ukubamba lapho zindiza. UCheglok udume ngomsebenzi wakhe, ubukhali nobunjalo besibindi.
Ungumzingeli omuhle futhi ungumzali onakekelayo. Lezi zinhlobo zivame kakhulu, ingxenye eyinhloko yebanga ngesikhathi sezulu esibanda ifudukela e-Afrika noma e-Asia eshisayo. Imvelaphi yaleli gama eRussia ayicaci kahle.
Ngokusekelwe ekucabangeni okuningi, igama elithi "cheglok" livela kwele "chegl" yakudala yaseRussia, okusho ukuthi "iqiniso, langempela". Kunombono wokuthi yingakho le nyoni, yize yincane, ibalwa phakathi kweqembu lamakhokho adumile asetshenziselwa ukuzingela: i-peregrine falcon, i-gyrfalcon ne-saker falcon.
Incazelo yokuzilibazisa
Ukubukeka
Umzingeli wokuzilibazisa onesibindi ubukeka njengekhophi elincane likakhokho ojwayelekile... Kungadideka kalula ngekholeji ye-peregrine. Ukuzilibazisa kuhluke kuye ngosayizi kuphela, imigqa emide engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba nemilenze ebomvu. Yize kunemibala emnyama kuphela, emhlophe, nsundu nebomvu ngombala, le nyoni ibukeka ibambeka futhi inhlobonhlobo.
Uqhwaku lokuzilibazisa lincane kakhulu futhi alunamandla. ITarsus encane, embozwe izimpaphe engxenyeni engenhla. Emilenzeni mncane, kodwa hhayi neze izinzwane ezimfushane. Naphezu komzimba omncane, ukwakheka kokuzilibazisa kubonakala kulula futhi kunomusa, amaphiko made, ngakho-ke aphuma kancane ngaphesheya komsila omise okwekhanda. Abesifazane bakhulu kancane kunabesilisa. Isisindo samadoda amadala siyashintshashintsha cishe i-160-200g. Abesifazane - 230-250g. Ubude bungu-319-349 no-329-367 mm, ngokulandelana.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ezimpapheni zonyaka wesibili wokuphila, izinhlangothi ezingenhla nezingemuva zokuzilibazisa ziba nsundu ngokwengeziwe, amathinti aluhlaza ayanyamalala. Indawo engaphansi komsila netibia inemibala efanayo naseHobby yakudala.
Umbala wale nyoni uhlala ushintsha, kepha ngasikhathi sinye abesilisa nabesifazane babukeka becishe bafane, yingakho kunzima kakhulu ukwehlukanisa umfana nentombazane. Umbala "Wezinsana" - omhlophe, ugqoka ukuzilibazisa kwakhe ngezinsuku zokuqala eziyi-8-15 zempilo yakhe. Ngemuva kwalokho ingubo ithatha amabhuleki ampunga nge-ocher tint esiswini. Izimpaphe zokuqala zokwakha izidleke zibonakala ziseduze nenyanga eyodwa yokuphila. Ingemuva limbozwe izimpaphe ansundu onsundu. Eduze kwekhanda, ama-ocher light shades ayabonakala. Isisu sibuswa yimithunzi efanayo ye-ocher, kepha ngephethini yesikhathi eside. Umlomo wokuzilibazisa u-grey-black ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezansi. Izidladla eziphuzi ezifiphele zigcwele uzipho olumnyama.
Inyoni esikhulile inombala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka obuthakathaka emgodini wombala wezimpaphe. Ezimpapheni ezigugile, lobu mpunga buyanyamalala kancane kancane. Izingxenye ze-occipital ne-lateral zentamo zimbozwe imigqa emhlophe. Ukumboza izingxenye ezingenampaphe zendlebe, kanye namadevu alingisiwe kungumthunzi omnyama, imivimbo iyabonakala ngaphansi kwamehlo. Isifuba, izinhlangothi ne-peritoneum kumhlophe, kunamabala amnyama abanzi ngobude. Ingxenye ye-peritoneum eseduze nomsila, umlenze ongezansi, kanye nomsila wamaduna kubomvu. Kwabesifazane, bane-ocher noma umbala obomvu onamabala ansundu, nawo abonakalayo emgodini wophiko. Izindawo zomzimba ezingamboziwe izimpaphe ziyefana nezabantu abasha.
Indlela Yokuphila
I-hobby falby ihlala yonke indawo, lapho izimo zezulu zivuma. Ingatholakala cishe yonke indawo lapho kunamahlathi, imifula nezindawo ezivulekile eziseduze. Umsebenzi wokuzilibazisa uhamba ngokushesha okukhulu, kwesinye isikhathi ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngenxa yesisindo nokwakheka komzimba, okuwuvumela ukuthi ubambe imisinga yomoya kanye nokuqondisa komoya, ingakhuphuka isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokushaya amaphiko ayo.
Isimo sezinyoni sikhathazekile futhi siyasebenza, ziyashesha ngokweqile futhi ziyahamba.... Lokhu kuvame ukuzibonakalisa esimweni sabo sengqondo ngomakhelwane. Izisebenzi zokuzilibazisa azizwani nhlobo nanoma iziphi izinyoni. Phakathi kwabo kungaba khona bobabili abamele ezinye izinhlobo nezihlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuntuleka kobungane akunqunywa yindlala, ukuntuleka kokudla noma ukuncintisana, kumane nje kuyisici somlingiswa wokuzilibazisa.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ebona ubukhona benye inyoni, ngeke abe livila ukuqala impi ngokushesha. Izinyoni ezincane ezingena emkhakheni wokubuka wokuzilibazisa zibonwa yizo njengezisulu. Futhi noma ngabe kungewona wonke umuntu ophumelela ekubambeni, lo ozilibazisa uzozama kakhulu.
Lo muntu ononya oye wahlala eduze kwamazwe abantu ngeke alimaze, kepha kunalokho wenza okuphambene nalokho. Kungasiza ukulawula izinambuzane ezincane njengondlunkulu nezinkanyezi. Umenzi wokuzilibazisa ekuthuthukiseni isivinini angancintisana kakhulu nesitimela, kepha ngasikhathi sinye akanaki usizo lwakhe ekuzingeleni. Silandela isitimela, umzingeli onezimpaphe ubamba izinyoni, ezisuswa emagatsheni acashile ngokuduma nokubhonga kwesitimela esihambayo.
Ngesikhathi semidlalo yothando, ukhozi luyakwazi ukuthandana okungakaze kube khona. Isibonelo, imvamisa indoda ekhangayo neyesilisa ethanda ukuzilibazisa iphakela insikazi ngomlomo lapho indiza ikhombisa ukuzwelana nayo. Bathanda ukuhlala ezihlahleni, bathathe indawo ephakeme. Kufanele kube khona amanzi amaningi aseduze (umfula, ichibi, noma umfudlana olula), amahlathi aminyene azungeze isidleke, kanye nensimu yamahhala noma utshani lapho ama-hobbyists angazingela khona. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uheshe akakhi izidleke, uhlala ezingenalutho, noma uxosha abanikazi kuleyo ayithandayo. Lezi zithandani zivikela ikhaya lazo kunoma ngubani ongena ngaphakathi, futhi nomuntu naye akahlukile.
Zingaki i-hoglok eziphilayo
Isikhathi sokuzilibazisa sivame ukuba yiminyaka eyi-17-20, kepha ama-livers amade ayaziwa, iminyaka yawo efinyelele eminyakeni engama-25.
Ama-subspecies wokuzilibazisa
Ngokwesiko, kukhona ama-subspecies ama-2 ama-hobbyists, lawa yi-Falco subbuteo streichi Hartert und Neumann, ne-Falco subbuteo Linnaeus. Owokuqala - 1907, uhlala emazweni aseningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Lezi zinhlayiya zihlala phansi; ingatholakala nasendaweni eseningizimu-mpumalanga yeChina iye eMyanmar.
Uhlobo lwesibili luhlehlela emuva ku-1758, lusatshalaliswe kakhulu enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Afrika naseYurophu (ngaphandle kwengxenye eseningizimu-mpumalanga). I-subspecies efudukayo, ihlala ibanda e-Asia noma eNingizimu Afrika.
Indawo yokuhlala
Ukuzilibazisa kukhetha amahlathi alula wokuphila anezindawo ezivulekile ezivulekile zokuzingela. Ingakha isidleke cishe kuyo yonke indawo yehlathi le-USSR yangaphambili. ITaiga (izingxenye zayo ezisenyakatho) ithathwa njengehlukile. Futhi, le falcon ingatholakala e-Italy, eNtshonalanga Yurophu nase-Asia Minor, eSpain, eMongolia, e-Asia naseGrisi. Izinto zokuzilibazisa azihlali eNingizimu ye-Asia, indawo yehlathi elishisayo eNtshonalanga Afrika, eNdiya naseChina.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ukhozi oluncane lukhetha amahlathi angavamile ukuba akhe izidleke. Izinhlobo ezikhethwayo amahlathi aphayiniwe ahlanganisiwe noma amadala.
Kungabonakala emaphethelweni ehlathi, emaphethelweni edayi le-sphagnum, osebeni lomfula omkhulu, emadlelweni aseduze nomhlaba wezolimo. UCheglok ugwema i-taiga emnyama eqhubekayo nendawo engenazo izihlahla.
Ukudla, ukukhishwa kokuzilibazisa
Umdliwo udla kakhulu izinyoni ezincane, kanye nezinambuzane. Ezimweni eziningi, ojekamanzi, amabhungane nezimvemvane baba yizisulu zawo. Ezinyonini, ukhozi luthanda ukuzitika ngezinkanyezi, ondlunkulu nezinye izinto ezinamaphiko. Ebusuku, umuntu othanda ukuzilibazisa angalibamba nelulwane. Uthanda nokuhlala eduze nezindawo zezinkonjane, ama-swifts amnyama, izinkanyezi. Amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane zasemhlabeni zingaba izisulu ngengozi, njengoba inyoni izingela esibhakabhakeni.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, izinyoni zibuyela ezindaweni zazo zokwakha izidleke... Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ngo-Ephreli 15 kuya kuMeyi 10, lapho amagatsha ezihlahla embozwe ngamaqabunga aluhlaza. Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, imibhangqwana isebenza kakhulu. Bafaka ukusebenza okuphelele emoyeni, bevusa izibukeli ezikhululekile ngama-pirouettes amahle. Ngemuva kokukhethwa kokuqala kwesidleke (njengoba kuchaziwe ekuqaleni), izinyoni zingayisebenzisa iminyaka eminingi ilandelana. Ukubamba kwenzeka ekupheleni kukaJuni noma ngoJulayi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Insikazi ingabeka amaqanda asukela kwayi-2 kuye kwayi-6 anombala ompunga ngokunsundu noma ocher nge-splashes ekhanyayo. Osayizi beqanda eli-1 basuka ku-29 kuye ku-36 mm. Isikhathi sokuchanyuselwa kwamachwane izinsuku ezingama-27-33.
Insikazi ihlala emaqandeni, kuyilapho eyesilisa ibandakanyeka ekukhishweni kokudla futhi yondla ngokucophelela umama ozayo. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, abesifazane kuphela ababandakanyeka ekondleni amatshwele amhlophe amhlophe, ngemuva kokuthi "abazali" belethe ukudla ndawonye. Eminyakeni engu-30-35 yezinsuku, amaphuphu, njengomthetho, angakwazi ukundiza. Abazali cishe amanye amasonto ama-5 bazobatholela ukudla, ngemuva kwalokho izingane ezisafufusa kuzofanele zikhombise ukuzimela.
Izitha zemvelo
I-Hobbyist cishe ayinazo izitha... Njengoba kunikezwe "isimo sabo esibi", indawo engenakufinyeleleka yezidleke kanye nobuchule bokundiza, ngeke zibe isisulu esilula. Abantu abagulayo noma asebekhulile kuphela abangazithola sebesezandleni zesitha. Ukuzilibazisa kunobudlelwano obungathathi hlangothi nomuntu. Ukuhlala eduze, kuyasiza ekugcineni isivuno, ngoba kuqeda izinambuzane eziyingozi nezinyoni ezincane "ezintshontsha" ngenkulu injabulo.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Uma ucabanga ukwabiwa kwendawo, inani le-hoglok lingaba ngamabhangqa ayizigidi ezi-3. Lezi zinhlobo azikho ohlwini lweRed Book.
