Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezihlala emhlabeni azikwazi kodwa ukuvusa isithakazelo kubantu. Kusekhona izimfihlakalo ekuziphatheni kwalezi zilwane, ubuchopho bazo obufinyelela ku-6 kilograms, kanti ubude besikhathi sokuphila bulingana nobomuntu - iminyaka engama-70. UMatriarchy ubusa embusweni wezindlovu, abesilisa abavamile ukuhlala eduze kwabesifazane, ukukhulelwa komama abakhulelwe kuhlala isikhathi eside ngokungavamile, futhi izingane zezindlovu zikhuliswa "ngumhlaba wonke."
Izici ezimfushane zezindlovu
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, lezi zilwane zathanjiswa ukuze zisebenzise amandla namandla azo, zaba abahlanganyeli ezimpini ezinkulu nasezindleleni ezinde.... Intshisekelo yososayensi kulezi zidlakela ivuswe yikhono lokuzibona ngesibuko, ukuzwa nokukhumbula hhayi kuphela izindawo nemicimbi, kepha nomculo, nokwenza izinqumo ngokuhlanganyela. Ngokungafani nezilwane eziningi, izindlovu aziboneli nje kuphela izihlobo zazo, noma ngabe sezihlukaniswe isikhathi eside.
Bakhombisa nemizwa ekhethekile ngabafileyo. Zima njalo eduze kwezinsalela bese zichitha isikhathi esithile, imvamisa zithinta amathambo ogebhezi ngethiphu lomboko, sengathi zikhomba umzimba. Kunamaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo futhi angaqondakali emhlabeni wezindlovu.
Ngobude bamamitha ayi-5 kuye kwayi-8, ukukhula kwalesi silwane kungafinyelela kumamitha ama-3 noma ngaphezulu, kanti isisindo saso singamathani ayi-5 kuye kwayi-7. Izindlovu zase-Afrika zinkulu kunezakwabo base-Asia. Umzimba omkhulu uthweswe umqhele ngekhanda elikhulu ngokulingana nesiqu eside - isitho esakhiwe ngamakhala ahlanganisiwe nodebe olungaphezulu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Lesi sitho sinohlelo olunamandla lwemisipha kanye nemisipha, lapho izilwane zichoboza khona izihlahla ezineminyaka eyikhulu, zihambisa kalula izingodo zisuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye, kepha futhi ziyakwazi ukubhekana nomsebenzi wobucwebe: ukucosha izinhlamvu zemali, amajikijolo, ngisho nokudweba.
Umboko usiza ukuvikela ekuhlaselweni, ukuthola ukudla, ngosizo lwazo izindlovu ziyaxhumana. Ikha amahlamvu ezihlahleni noma isiphule amahlumela amancane, ngosizo lwesiqu sayo, indlovu ifaka ukudla emlonyeni wayo, idonse amanzi kuyo, ingagcini ngokunisela yona kuphela, kodwa futhi iwuthululela emlonyeni wayo ukuze iphuze. Izindlebe ezinkulu kakhulu zigcwele imithambo yegazi, esiza ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa komzimba ngesikhathi sokushisa okuminyanisa.
Ukungaboni kahle kwezindlovu kunxeshezelwa ukuzwa okuhle kakhulu: ngamakhilomitha ayi-100, izilwane zizwa ukuduma kwezulu, "ukuzwa" ukusondela kwezihlambi. Futhi ukunyakaza njalo kwezindlebe kuyadingeka ezindlovu hhayi nje kuphela ukuze "zipholise" umzimba, kepha futhi nokuxhumana - ngezindlebe zazo, izindlovu zibingelela izihlobo zazo, futhi zingabuye zixwayise ngokuhlaselwa kwezitha. Izindlovu ziyakwazi ukukhipha nokuzwa ama-infrasound, ukuxhumana zodwa ebangeni elide.
Akukona nje ukuqondana kwezinto ukuthi lezi zilwane zibizwe ngokuthi zinesikhumba esijiyile: ubukhulu besikhumba sazo bufinyelela ku-3 cm.Isikhumba esiqinile, esishwabene kakhulu sigcwele izinwele ezincanyana, futhi inqwaba encane ihlala ikhona ekugcineni kwomsila. Imilenze efana nezinsika ezinkulu ezinyaweni inephedi elikhethekile lamafutha ngemuva kwezinzwane ezikhomba phansi, okukuvumela ukuthi usabalalise ngokulinganayo isisindo lapho uhamba futhi ugijima. Esikhathini esiningi, umhlambi wezindlovu uhamba kancane uyofuna ukudla namanzi ngejubane elingadluli ku-6-8 km ngehora, kodwa futhi ziyakwazi ukugijima impela, zibhukuda kahle. Izindlovu azikwazi ukweqa kuphela - lokhu kungenxa yesakhiwo esikhethekile semilenze yazo.
Izici zokuzala
Abesifazane bafinyelela ebusheni lapho beneminyaka engu-7, kepha lokhu akusho nakancane ukuthi uzoba ngumama kungekudala. Kwesinye isikhathi inani elifanayo leminyaka kufanele lidlule ngaphambi kokuba indlovu ikulungele ukuzala abantwana: kuphela izilwane ezinamandla nezinempilo ezithole isisindo esithile eziba ngabazali.
Imihlambi yamadoda nabesifazane ihamba ngokwahlukana; phakathi kwezindlovu, ungathola abathandi bodwa... Kodwa izindlovu zesifazane zikhetha ukuchitha impilo yazo yonke phakathi "kwabangane". Kuphela uma indlovu ekulungele ukuba ngumama ivela emphakathini, owesilisa uzovunyelwa ukusondela kuye. Ezimpini ezinamandla zokuthola ilungelo lokuba nowesifazane, abesilisa bayakwazi ukukhubaza, babulale umphikisi. Ngalesi sikhathi, ulaka lwenza izindlovu zibe yingozi kakhulu.
Ukuphikisana kwezindlovu akupheli lapho. Hhayi umzuzu wokulungela ukukhulelwa kuphela, kepha nesikhathi sokukhulelwa, lezi zilwane ziyakwazi ukulawula. Ngenhlanganisela engathandeki yezimo, ukuntuleka kokudla, ukwehla okushisayo kwezinga lokushisa, ukungabi bikho kwezimo zokukhula nokuthuthuka okujwayelekile, kanye nengcindezi ejwayelekile, ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwendlovu kungenzeka eminyakeni eyi-15 noma eyi-20. Ekuthunjweni, lezi zilwane cishe azizali.
Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukukhulelwa kwendlovu?
Kukholelwa ukuthi kunokuncika okuqondile kwesikhathi sokuzala umntwana ngosayizi wesilwane. Indlovu enkulu yase-Afrika ichitha cishe iminyaka emibili esibelethweni sikanina, yize yakhiwe ngokuphelele futhi ilungele ukuzalwa ezinyangeni eziyi-19. Futhi izindlovu zaseNdiya (zase-Asia) zithwala izingane izinyanga ezi-2 ngaphansi. Kepha konke ukukhulelwa nokuzalwa kwehlukile.
Kuyathakazelisa!Isikhathi sokukhulelwa, hhayi kuphela ubukhulu bukamama okhulelwe nengane yakhe kubalulekile, kodwa futhi nobudala, ukudla, izimo zezulu, nendawo lapho umhlambi ukhona.
Owesifazane uzokwazi ukukhulelwa ngokuzayo kuphela ngemuva kokululama ngokuphelele komzimba, kuthatha okungenani iminyaka emi-4 - 5, kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu. Indlovu izala izindlovu ezingeqi ezi-8 - 9 empilweni yayo.
Umama, ukukhulisa inzalo
Ezizwa esondela ekubelethweni, umama okhulelwe ushiya umhlambi wakhe, ephelezelwa yindlovu endala, ukuze azikhulule ngokuthula emthwalweni. Kodwa ukubeletha nakho kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwesiyingi lapho izilwane zimi khona, zilungele ukuvikela umama nengane yakhe uma kwenzeka ingozi.
Indlovu yengane (kuyaqabukela kuzalwa amawele) izalwa yakhiwe ngokuphelele, inesisindo esifinyelela ku-100 kg, ukuphakama kwayo akuyona ngaphansi kwemitha elilodwa. Kungakapheli ihora, umntwana wendlovu angakwazi ukuma ngezinyawo alandele umhlambi. Ingane incela ubisi lukanina, izinamathele ezingonweni zendlovu, eziphakathi kwemilenze yangaphambili. Futhi lapho ikhathele ohambweni olude, ingane iqala ukuthinta noma ihlikihle imilenze yayo yangemuva, ifuna ukuma.
Indlovu yengane ingondliwa hhayi ngunina kuphela, kodwa futhi nanganoma yimuphi omunye onobisi.... Yize kunesikhundla esiphakeme esiqinile emphakathini wezindlovu, izingane ezikulo ziphathwa ngenhlonipho enkulu, zinakekela ngayinye njengokungathi ngeyazo. Umhlambi uholwa ngumuntu omdala kunabo bonke, owesifazane onolwazi kakhulu, oholela wonke umuntu endaweni yokudla noma emgodini wokunisela, unquma ukuthi uzokuma nini ukuphumula noma ubusuku.
Abesilisa ababambiqhaza ekukhuliseni inzalo, konke ukukhathazeka kuthathwa ngabesifazane. Njengomthetho, ingane yezindlovu ihlala isondele kunina, ivame ukuhamba, ibambelele emsileni ngesiqu sayo. Kepha uma kunesidingo, abanye besifazane nabo bazomnakekela - bazokondla, baduduze, basize ukunqoba izithiyo endleleni, noma bangashaya njengesijeziso.
Zibona ingozi, izindlovu ziyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha. Kepha umhlambi awusoze washiya abafowabo abancane kanye nomama abakhulelwe. Zizungezwe umbuthano ominyene okungadluli kuwo isilwane esidla ezinye esingalimaza izingane. Izindlovu ezindala zinezitha ezimbalwa kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu kuzo ngabantu.
Okubalulekile!Ukukhishwa kwezinyo lendlovu kwaletha ukubhujiswa okuphelele kwalezi zilwane - amazinyo ayebiza kakhulu, ngisho namanje, lapho izindlovu zibalwa kuRed Book, lokhu akubanqandi abazingeli abangekho emthethweni.
Izindlovu ezincane zikhuliswa emhlambini kamama kuze kube yiminyaka engu-7-10 ubudala. Kuze kube izinyanga eziyisithupha, badla ubisi kuphela, bese beqala ukunambitha ukudla okuqinile. Kepha ukondla ubisi kuhlala kuze kube yiminyaka emi-2. Ngemuva kwalokho isizukulwane esisha sishintsha ngokuphelele ukutshala ukudla. Izindlovu ezincane kunazo zonke, ezifana nazo zonke izingane, ezithanda ukudlala, zingcola, kwesinye isikhathi "zikhala" ngenxa yobuhlungu noma intukuthelo, zinakekelwa izindlovu - intsha eneminyaka engu-3-11 ubudala.
Uma ingane isenkingeni, iwela emgodini noma ibhajwe emvinini, wonke umuntu oseduze nakanjani uzosabela ocingweni lwakhe. Njengoba ifake indlovu ngeziqu, iyakhululwa ogibeni. Ukunakekela izingane kuyaqhubeka iminyaka eminingana baze bafunde ukubhekana nezinkinga bebodwa.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 - 12, abesilisa bavele baxoshwe emhlambini, bangavunyelwa ukulandela abesifazane.... Imvamisa baqhubeka nohambo lwabo bodwa. Abesifazane abasebasha bahlala emndenini kuze kube sebekhulile.
