I-platypus (i-Ornithorhynchus anatinus) ingeyezilwane ezincelisayo zasemanzini zase-Australia kusukela ku-monotremes. I-platypus ukuphela kwelungu lesimanje lomndeni we-platypus.
Ukubukeka nencazelo
Ubude bomzimba we-platypus omdala bungahluka phakathi kuka-30-40 cm.Umsila ungama-10-15 cm ubude, uvame ukuba nesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu amabili. Umzimba wesilisa ucishe ube yingxenye yesithathu enkulu kunomzimba wesifazane... Umzimba ugcwele, unemilenze emifushane. Umsila uthanjisiwe, ngokuqongelelwa kwamafutha, okufana nomsila we-beaver ombozwe ngoboya. Uboya be-platypus bukhulu futhi buthambile, bunsundu obumnyama ngemuva, futhi bunombala obomvu noma ompunga esiswini.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ama-Platypuses abonakala ngemetabolism ephansi, futhi ukushisa komzimba okujwayelekile kwalesi silwane esincelisayo akudluli ku-32 ° C. Isilwane silawula kalula izinkomba zokushisa komzimba, sandisa isilinganiso semethamo kaningana.
Ikhanda liyindilinga, linengxenye yobuso enwetshiwe, iphenduka umlomo othambile futhi othambile, ombozwe isikhumba esinwebekayo eselulelwe phezu kwamathambo amancanyana amade futhi amade. Ubude bomlomo bungafinyelela ku-6.5 cm ngobubanzi obungu-cm 5. Ubuningi bomgogodla womlomo ubukhona bezikhwama zezihlathi, ezisetshenziswa izilwane ukugcina ukudla. Ingxenye engezansi noma isisekelo soqhwaku emadodeni sinendlala ethize ekhiqiza imfihlo enephunga lomsuka lesici. Abantu abasha banamazinyo ayisishiyagalombili abuthakathaka futhi aphela ngokushesha, okushintshwa amapuleti e-keratinized ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Izidladla ezinhlanu zeminwe yama-platypus zishintshwe ngokuphelele hhayi ukubhukuda kuphela, kodwa nokumba endaweni yasogwini. Ulwelwesi lokubhukuda, olusezidladleni zangaphambili, luqhamuka phambi kwezinzwani, futhi luyakwazi ukugoba, luveze uzipho olucijile futhi oluqinile ngokwanele. Ukweqa imilenze yangemuva kunokuthuthuka okubuthakathaka kakhulu, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokubhukuda, i-platypus isetshenziswa njengohlobo lwephini lokuzinza. Lapho i-platypus ihamba emhlabeni, ukuhamba kwalesi silwane esincelisayo kuyafana nokwesilwane esihuquzelayo.
Kukhona ukuvuleka kwamakhala okuphezulu komlomo. Isici sesakhiwo sekhanda le-platypus ukungabi bikho kwama-auricles, kanti ukuvuleka kokuzwa namehlo atholakala emiseleni ekhethekile ezinhlangothini zekhanda. Lapho kudonswa phansi, emaphethelweni okuvula okuvulekile, okubukwayo nokuvuthayo kuvalwa ngokushesha, futhi imisebenzi yawo ithathwa yisikhumba esisemlonyeni ocebile ngokuphela kwezinzwa. Uhlobo lwe-electrolocation lusiza isilwane esincelisayo ukuthola kalula isisulu ngesikhathi sokudoba ngomkhonto.
Indawo yokuhlala kanye nendlela yokuphila
Kuze kube ngu-1922, inani le-platypus lalitholwa kuphela ezweni lakubo - insimu esempumalanga ye-Australia. Indawo yokusabalalisa isukela endaweni yaseTasmania nase-Australia Alps iye emaphethelweni eQueensland... Inani elikhulu lezilwane ezincelisayo ze-oviparous okwamanje lisatshalaliswa kuphela empumalanga ye-Australia naseTasmania. Isilwane esincelisayo, njengomthetho, sihola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo futhi sihlala engxenyeni engasogwini yemifula esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo noma imizimba yamanzi yemvelo enamanzi amile.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izinhlobo ezincelisayo eziseduze kakhulu ezihlobene ne-platypus yi-echidna ne-prochidna, lapho i-platypus ingeye-oda le-Monotremata noma i-oviparous, futhi ngandlela thile lifana nezilwane ezihuquzelayo.
Ama-Platypuses akhetha amanzi anezinga lokushisa elisukela ku-25.0-29.9 ° C, kepha gwema amanzi anobhuqu. Indawo yokuhlala yezilwane ezincelisayo imelwe ngumgodi omfishane futhi oqondile, ubude bawo obungafinyelela kumamitha ayishumi. Umgodi ngamunye onjalo uneminyango emibili negumbi elingaphakathi elintofontofo. Omunye umnyango empeleni ungaphansi kwamanzi, kanti owesibili utholakala ngaphansi kwezimpande zezihlahla noma emahlathini aminyene.
Umsoco wePlatypus
Ama-Platypuses angababhukudi abahle futhi abahlukahlukene, futhi ayakwazi nokuhlala ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu emihlanu. Emvelweni wasemanzini, lesi silwane esingajwayelekile siyakwazi ukuchitha ingxenye yesithathu yosuku, okuwumphumela wesidingo sokudla inani elikhulu lokudla, ivolumu yalo evame ukuba yikota yesisindo esiphelele se-platypus.
Isikhathi esiyinhloko somsebenzi siwela kusihlwa nasebusuku.... Umthamo wonke wokudla kweplatypus wakhiwa izilwane ezincane zasemanzini eziwela emlonyeni womlomo wesilwane esincelisayo ngemuva kokuphazamisa phansi echibini. Ukudla kungamelwa ngama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene, izibungu, izibungu zezinambuzane, onoshobishobi, ama-molluscs kanye nezimila ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini. Ngemuva kokuthi ukudla kuqoqwe emaphaketheni ezihlathi, isilwane sikhuphukela phezulu emanzini bese sikugaya ngosizo lwamahlathi ahlabayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-platypus
Ama-Platypuses angena ebusika njalo ngonyaka, angahlala izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyishumi. Masinyane ngemuva kokulala ubuthongo ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, isigaba sokukhiqiza esisebenzayo siqala, esiwela esikhathini kusuka ngo-Agasti kuya eminyakeni eyishumi edlule kaNovemba. Ukukhwelana kwesilwane sasemanzini kwenzeka emanzini.
Ukuzidonsela amehlo, owesilisa uluma kancane umsila wensikazi, ngemuva kwalokho laba babili babhukuda benze isiyingi isikhashana. Isigaba sokugcina semidlalo ehlukile yokukhwelana ukukhwelana. Ama-platypus wesilisa anesithembu futhi awenzi ngazimbili ezizinzile. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, owesilisa oyedwa uyakwazi ukumboza inani elikhulu labesifazane. Imizamo yokuzala i-platypus ekuthunjweni ayiphumeleli ngokwedlulele.
Ukuchamisela amaqanda
Masinyane ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi iqala ukumba umgodi wamantshontsho, mude ukudlula umgodi we-platypus ojwayelekile futhi unekamelo elikhethekile lokwakha izidleke. Ngaphakathi kwegumbi elinjalo, kwakhiwa isidleke ngeziqu zezitshalo namahlamvu. Ukuze kuvikelwe isidleke ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezidla amanzi namanzi, insikazi ivimba iphaseji lomgodi ngamaplagi akhethekile avela emhlabathini. Ubukhulu obulinganiselwe bepulagi ngayinye enjalo bungu-15-20 cm.Ukwakha ipulaki lobumba, insikazi isebenzisa ingxenye yomsila, iyiphathise okomcibisholo wokwakha.
Kuyathakazelisa!Umswakama oqhubekayo ngaphakathi esidlekeni esidaliwe usiza ukuvikela amaqanda abekwe yi-platypus yowesifazane ekonakaleni okubhubhisayo. I-Oviposition yenzeka cishe emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokukhwelana.
Njengomthetho, kukhona amaqanda ambalwa ku-clutch eyodwa, kodwa inani labo lingahluka ukusuka kokunye kuye kokuthathu... Amaqanda e-Platypus abukeka njengamaqanda ezihuquzelayo futhi anomumo oyindilinga. Ububanzi obumaphakathi beqanda obumbozwe ngegobolondo elimhlophe, elimhlophe, elinesikhumba alweqi isentimitha. Amaqanda abekiwe abanjwa ndawonye ngento enamathelayo emboza ingaphandle legobolondo. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha cishe izinsuku eziyishumi, kanti amaqanda ezinsikazi afukamela akuvamile ukuthi ashiye isidleke.
Platypus amawundlu
Ama-platypus amawundlu azelwe ahamba ze futhi angaboni. Ubude bomzimba wabo abudluli ku-2,5-3.0 cm.Ukuze achanyuselwe, izinyane lihlaba igobolondo leqanda ngezinyo elikhethekile, eliwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela. Iphenduka ngomhlane, insikazi ibeka amazinyane achanyuselwe esiswini sayo. Ukuncelisa ubisi kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ama-pores akhuliswe kakhulu atholakala esiswini sowesifazane.
Ubisi olugeleza izinwele zoboya luqongelela ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezikhethekile, lapho amawundlu aluthola khona futhi alukhothe. Ama-platypus amancane avula amehlo ngemuva kwezinyanga ezintathu, kanti ukuncelisa ubisi kuhlala kuze kube izinyanga ezine, ngemuva kwalokho izingane ziqala ukushiya kancane umgodi zizingele zodwa. Ama-platypus amancane afinyelela ekuvuthweni kwezocansi eneminyaka eyishumi nambili. Isikhathi sokuphila se-platypus ekuthunjweni asidluli iminyaka eyishumi.
Izitha ze-platypus
Ezimweni zemvelo, i-platypus ayinazo izitha eziningi. Lesi silwane esincelisayo esingavamile kakhulu singaba yisisulu esilula sokuqapha izibankwa, izinhlwathi nezimpawu zezingwe ngezinye izikhathi zibhukuda emanzini omfula. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-platypus angaphansi kwesigaba sezilwane ezincelisayo ezinobuthi futhi abantu abasha baneziqalo ze-horny spurs emilenzeni yabo yangemuva.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ekubambeni ama-platypuses, izinja zazivame ukusetshenziswa, ezingabamba isilwane hhayi kuphela emhlabathini, kepha nasemanzini, kepha iningi "labadobi" labhubha ekusikeni ngemuva kokuthi i-platypus iqale ukusebenzisa ama-spurs anobuthi ukuvikela.
Ngonyaka owodwa, abesifazane balahlekelwa yile ndlela yokuvikela, kanti kwabesilisa, kunalokho, ama-spurs akhula ngosayizi futhi ngesigaba sokuthomba afinyelela kubude obuyisentimitha elilodwa nohhafu. Ama-spurs axhunywe ngamapayipi ezihlokweni zezinsikazi, okuthi, ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, zikhiqize inhlanganisela enobuthi eyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zinhlayiya ezinobuthi zisetshenziswa abesilisa emidlalweni yokuqomisana futhi ngenhloso yokuzivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Ubuthi bePlatypus abuyongozi kubantu, kepha bungadala okwanele
