Ipayipi lasehlathini, noma i-gherkin yehlathi, liyinyoni encane futhi ehlekisayo edla izinambuzane yomndeni we-wagtail. Inyoni yengoma yasehlathini ivame ukudideka nondlunkulu, kepha igorse incane kunondlunkulu basemadolobheni, futhi ibuye ibe nomzimba omncane ohlukile.
Amapayipi amahlathi abhekwa njengezinyoni eziwusizo kusukela ekubukeni kwamahlathi, ngenxa yekhono le-gorse ngenkathi isondla ukubhubhisa inani elikhulu lezinambuzane - izimila zezitshalo.
Izici kanye nama-subspecies
Umhlane wenyoni endala umbozwe izimpaphe ezinsundu ansundu futhi ubonakala ngokuba khona kwemivimbo emnyama ebanzi. Emsileni ongaphezulu, imivimbo emnyama ayikho ngokuphelele. Amabala ansundu ngokuhlela okukhanyayo abonakala ngokusobala kuma-covert. Isisu sinombala ophuzi okwesiphuzi, sinendawo emhlophe engxenyeni emaphakathi yomzimba nasendaweni yomsila ongaphezulu.
Isici yimizila emnyama emboza i-goiter kanye nesifuba sembuzi... Ezinhlangothini zomphimbo, imicu enjalo ihlangana ibe umucu owodwa, oqonde ohlangothini olusuka ku-mandible kuya ku-goiter. Ngaphandle kokuthi umbala oyinhloko wezimpaphe zomsila ongaphandle umhlophe, umlandeli wangaphakathi ubonakala ngombala onsundu. Izimpaphe zemisila ezimbili zinamachashaza amhlophe we-apical kanye nokuhlelwa okumhlophe okuvezwe kancane. Zonke ezinye izimpaphe zomsila zipendwe ngokunsundu ngokunsundu.
Amehlo anezici ezisikiwe zezinyoni, ngosayizi ophakathi, ansundu ngombala. Uqhwaku luba nsundu ngesisekelo esine-horny. Imilenze inombala onsundu, inombala ophuzi ophawuliwe.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ezinyonini ezisencane, izimpaphe zinemibala emathoni ansundu, kanye nokuba khona kobubanzi obubanzi obunsundu kanye nephethini elibi le-motley engxenyeni engezansi. Lezi zinhlobo zifaka ama-subspecies amabili kuphela, amelwe yipayipi elijwayelekile lehlathi kanye nepayipi lehlathi laseHimalaya.
Indawo yokuhlala
Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-gorse, amapayipi asehlathini ahlotshaniswa kakhulu nohlaza olunezinkuni, ngakho-ke indawo yokuhlala yasehlobo imelwe ngamahlathi amancane ahlaselayo noma ama-coniferous azungezwe amadlelo otshani nama-glades anezihlahla ezikhula ngokwahlukana. Imvamisa, le nyoni edla izinambuzane ihlala emaphethelweni amancane amahlathi amakhulu noma emahlathini amancane.
IPipit isabalele ezindaweni ezingamahlathi eziqhingini zase-Eurasia. Ezweni lethu, izindawo zokwakha izidleke ziyabonakala kusukela engxenyeni esenyakatho yoLwandle Olumhlophe kuya engxenyeni eseningizimu yeCrimea. Uma engxenyeni ebalulekile yobubanzi bendawo yama-chevrons kunokuhluka okungabukeki ekubukekeni, khona-ke ePamirs naseTien Shan umuntu angabona ama-subspecies abonakala ngomlomo omfishane. Ososayensi bahlobanisa lesi sici nohlobo lombala wezimpaphe kanye nokungabikho kwamabala akhanyayo ezimpapheni.
Ebusika, le nyoni ifudukela emazweni afudumele... Izinwele ezimnyama zilala ebusika eMedithera, e-Afrika noma eNdiya. Kukhona futhi izindiza ezingavamile, ezibonakala zenzeka ngengozi, zemihlambi yamapayipi amahlathi eya eMadeira, eJan Mayena naseCanary Islands. Ngokuqala kwenkathi efudumele, izinyoni ezifudukayo ngemihlambi emikhulu zibuyela ezifundeni zezwe lethu.
Isidleke seBlackhead
Amapayipi amahlathi afika ezindaweni zokwakha izidleke, njengomthetho, ngo-Ephreli noma ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. Kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho izingoma zesici sale nyoni zizwakala emaphethelweni nasemasimini. Ngale ndlela, amaqhuqhuqhuva abesilisa azisa izihlobo zawo ukuthi indawo yokwakha isidleke isivele ihlala abantu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kuthatha cishe amasonto ambalwa ukuthi owesifazane akhethe indawo efanelekile yokwakhiwa kwesidleke, etholakala ezindaweni ezingabalulekile zomhlabathi futhi kwesinye isikhathi embozwa ngamacembe otshani noma amahlumela.
Kusetshenziswa izindwani ezomile zotshani, uhlaza oluthambile, nezinwele zamahhashi njengezinto zokwakha lapho kwakhiwa isidleke. Le nyoni ivunguza izindonga zesidleke kusuka ezimpandeni ezincanyana kanye notshani obude. Ngesikhathi sokuzalisa, njengomthetho, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-broods. Ku-clutch, isilinganiso samaqanda amahlanu singabonwa, esinesimo esivamile se-ovoid. Amaqanda ambozwe ngegobolondo elifiphele noma elicwebezelayo elimpunga ngokukhanyayo, umbala okhanyayo ngokuluhlaza ngokumpunga ngokuthinta okuhlukile. Kukhona namaqanda ombala ogqamile-obomvana ngokunsomi onombala onsomi omncane.
Isikhathi sokufukamela sihlala izinsuku ezijwayelekile eziyishumi nambili, kanti amaphuphu achanyuselwa ashiya isidleke, engazi ukuthi angandiza kanjani kahle. Zibuthana emihlanjaneni emincane eyenziwe ngamabhukhwana, lezi zinsana zizulazula ngasogwini noma emaphethelweni ehlathi zifuna ukudla, futhi kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo, izinyoni zihlangana emhlambini omkhulu ngokwanele, ngemuva kwalokho zihamba indiza ende ziye emazweni afudumele ngenhloso yobusika. Ukufuduka okukhulu kwezikole zamapayipi amahlathi kwenzeka, njengomthetho, oqala ngo-Agasti 10-20.
Ukudla okunomsoco wehlathi
Ama-invertebrate amancane asebenza njengokudla okuyinhloko kwepayipi lasehlathini... Kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo, kusetshenziselwa imbewu yezitshalo ezinjenge-mariannik, i-septenary, i-wiry birch ne-sedge. Izibungu zezimvemvane, ama-aphid, ama-cicadas, ama-filly nezintuthwane zehlathi zenza isisekelo sokudla kwenyoni esikhulile. Imvamisa, ukudla kungangezelelwa ngama-weevils, chofoza amabhungane nezindlovu.
Izitha emvelweni
Amapayipi amahlathi ngabazali abanakekelayo futhi abanomthwalo wemfanelo. Bayakwazi ukuphambukisa izitha esidlekeni ngamachwane. Ezimweni zemvelo, izitha eziyinhloko zokushiswa kwezinkuni yinyoka nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka ezinkulu, ama-ermine nama-martens, kanye nondlunkulu.
Amacala okuhlaselwa kwezidleke zepayipi lehlathi nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama akuvamile. Eduze kwendawo yokuhlala abantu, amahhashi asehlathini asongelwa amakati afuywayo.
Okuqukethwe kwasekhaya
Izingoma zama-skate asehlathini ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ziyahlukahluka, zinomusa ngendlela emangalisayo, ngakho-ke le nyoni encane futhi ebukeka ejwayelekile ivame ukugcinwa ekhaya. Abadobi bezinyoni babamba ihansi lembuzi ngokushesha ngemuva kokufika, ngo-Ephreli.
I-Tame, inyoni ebanjiwe iba cishe ezinyangeni ezimbalwa... Ukondla abathunjiweyo, imash isetshenziswa ngokususelwa ku-cottage shizi, amaqanda abilisiwe, izaqathe, i-daphnia nenhlanganisela yokusanhlamvu. Kusukela ezinambuzaneni, izimpethu, izimpethu zegazi, izibungu zebhungane nezimpukane zikulungele. Ukunakekela i-gallard akunzima nakancane, ngakho-ke amahhashi asehlathini akhuliswa ngisho nangabazi abangenalwazi nabasafufusa bezinyoni zezingoma.