Awudingi ufudu olunamaqabunga abomvu uma ungakulungele: a) ukukhiphela ngaphandle i-aquaterrarium ebizayo futhi evulekile (ukuyikhipha indle njalo ezinsukwini ezintathu); b) ukumnikeza ukudla okuhlukahlukene; c) usebenzise imali ekuhleleni izindlu zofudu (ngesifudumezi, isihlungi namalambu e-UV). Futhi lokhu nje kuyingxenye yezinkathazo umnikazi osanda kwenziwa azobhekana nazo nakanjani.
Izimfudu zamanzi angenasawoti zaseMelika
Igama lomndeni likhombisa nobubanzi bezinhlobo: izimfudu ezinama-red-eared (aka yellow-bellied) zingabheka iMelika Ephakathi, iMexico, inyakatho yeVenezuela neColombia, kanye ne-United States njengezwe labo.
Ngenxa yomuntu, lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zavela eGuadeloupe, South Africa, Israel, Great Britain naseSpain. E-Australia, babengajabule ngokuhlasela kwabo, bememezela izinambuzane ezixosha izilwane ezihuquzelayo zomdabu.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izimfudu ezinamaqabunga abomvu zivame ukuvela emzimbeni wamanzi weSifunda SaseNingizimu NaseKrasnodar Territory. Babonakala emachibini nasezinqolobaneni zeRostov-on-Don, i-Anapa, iGelendzhik neYeisk. Lezi yilezo zilwane eziyishwa ukuhlala kwazo efulethini ledolobha kwaba ngumthwalo ongabekezeleleki kubaninizo.
Futhi kuhle uma izimfudu ezikhishwe endle zisinda: lezi zidalwa ezinesifo se-thermophilic azivumelani ngokuphelele namakhaza aseRussia. Kukhona ithuba kuphela kulabo ababethelwe epayipini ngamadreyini ashisayo angenabo ubuthi.
Ungalingwa ngusayizi wamathoyizi wofudu (azophenduka amageza ahloniphekile ngeminyaka) bese ucabanga izikhathi eziyikhulu uma ungabekezelela bonke ubunzima bokuzinakekela ngaphambi kokuba uthenge lesi silwane esikhohlakele nesidlayo.
Ingaphandle, incazelo
Isazi sezinto eziphilayo sizohlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngezici eziningana, kufaka phakathi usayizi: abesilisa babonakala bengezansi kakhulu kwabesifazane. Ufudu oluvuthiwe ngokobulili lukhula lufike ku-30 cm, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zalo - kuze kube uhhafu wemitha noma ngaphezulu.
Izinsana zofudu zifana namaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani ogqamile amnyama njengoba ekhula: i-carapace iba nsundu ngokunyama noma imnyama (enemigqa ephuzi emangele). Inhloko, intamo nezitho kunomhlobiso wazo, lapho kuhlala khona imivimbo eluhlaza eluhlaza emhlophe.
Ingxenye ye-ventral ye-carapace ivame ukuba mnyama, kepha ihlanjululwe (njengaleyo engenhla) ngemivimbo ephuzi ye-wavy nombala ofanayo wokuhlela.
Ekhanda lofudu, kunezindawo ezimbili ezibomvu ezeluliwe eziseduze kwamehlo. Lezi "zimaki" ezibomvu zinikeze igama lohlobo. Ngokuya ngama-subspecies, umbala wamabala uyashintsha futhi ungathuliswa ophuzi, ophuzi ngokugqamile noma owolintshi.
Ukungabikho kwamazinyo ngeke kuvikele lolu fudu ekuthambekiseni noma yini eqinile: imihlathi enamandla izoyisiza. Esinye isikhali se- "krasnushka" yizinzipho eziqinile ngokungafani futhi ezibukhali elwa ngazo nezitha.
Izinsimbi ezizwakalayo azithuthukisiwe kahle, kepha uma kunesidingo, i-tortilla izofutha, ihoxe futhi ikhamise kancane.
Izimfudu ezinamaqabunga abomvu azikhonondi ngephunga noma ukubona. Ukuphela kwento ebenza balahle phansi amahemuhemu. Noma kunjalo, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo ngokushesha siphendula izigaxa zangaphandle futhi sikwazile ukungena emanzini njalo.
Indlela Yokuphila
Ufudu luhlala echibini elinamanzi futhi elingashoni namachibi angahlukaniswa ubumsulwa bawo. Ikhombisa ukushesha okukhulayo, ukuzingela inyamazane (inhlanzi, ama-crustaceans, onoshobishobi, iminenke nezinye izilwane zasemanzini) noma ukugwema izitha. Kwezinye izikhathi, akenzi lutho: uthanda ukukhasa ogwini, aveze igobolondo lakhe emisebeni yelanga. Emanzini apholile (ngaphansi kuka- + 18 ° C), i- "bomvu" ilahlekelwa inkanuko futhi iba ne-lethargic.
Izitha zemvelo zofudu zifaka:
- Izingwegwe - ngobuciko khipha isirhubuluzi egobolondweni.
- Izimpungushe - sunduza izimfudu ematsheni.
- Izinyoni ezidla inyama - ziphonse emadwaleni.
- Ezinye izimfudu nenkalankala zidla izingane zofudu.
- Oshaka nezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidlayo zidla izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa.
Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zikholelwa ukuthi ufudu olunamaqabunga abomvu (okuphambene nezinkulumo ezidumile) luhamba ngokushesha emanzini nasemhlabeni. Ijubane liyamsiza ukuthi ahlukane nabamxoshayo, agweme ngobuqili izithiyo.
Isirhubuluzi siqaphela into eyingozi ebangeni elingamamitha angama-40 ukusuka kwaso, okuyinika isikhathi sokushelela ngokushesha ngaphansi kwamanzi: ngenxa yale ngqondo esheshayo yombani, ufudu lwaqanjwa ngokuthi "isilayida".
Uma yehluleka ukweqa, iyozivikela: ukuphonsa ikhanda ngokushesha kuzolandelwa ukuvalwa kwemihlathi eqinile emzimbeni wesisulu. Izimfudu zembewu azikwazi ukuluma kuphela, kodwa futhi zilimaze.
Ukulimala nakho kungasekelwa ngokukhipha isilwane emanzini ungahlosile, lapho sikhahlela ngemilenze yaso yangemuva, sigcwele izinzipho ezicijile.
Ukuzala
Ngisho nochwepheshe we-herpetologist ngeke asho ukuthi ngubani ophambi kwakhe (umfana noma intombazane) kuze kube yilapho ufudu lunonyaka owodwa ubudala. Kukulesi sikhathi lapho ukuziphendukela kobulili kubonakala khona.
Umehluko phakathi kobulili
Kuyaziwa ukuthi abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa, kepha lesi sici singabhekwa njengesibalulekile kuphela kubantu abazalwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ngaphandle kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukunquma phansi ngosayizi.
Kunezici eziphawuleka kakhulu ukukusiza uqonde ubulili besilwane sakho. Ngakho-ke, kwabesilisa:
- indawo eseduze neso icacile futhi inkulu;
- uzipho olude emilenzeni yangaphambili, lusiza ukunamathela kumlingani wakho ngesikhathi sokuqhutshwa;
- ingxenye engezansi yomzimba i-concave, kanti kwabesifazane iyisicaba;
- umsila ojiyile futhi omude.
Imininingwane mayelana nokuvuthwa ngokocansi kwezimfudu ezinamaqabunga abomvu ihlukile. Imvamisa, isirhubuluzi singena esigabeni sokuthomba ngeminyaka engu-5-6, nangaphambi kokuthunjwa.
Ukumatanisa
Izimfudu ezihlala ema-zoo nasemafulethini ziyahlangana, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isizini iyini, kepha, njengoba zihlala endaweni yazo yemvelo, zinamathela ezinsukwini ezithile (Mashi-Julayi).
Owesilisa wenza umdanso wokukhwelana, indima enkulu lapho kunikezwa khona uzipho ophulula isilevu salowo okhethiwe. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezisencane nazo zingalingisa imidlalo yokukhwelana: kepha le "mibuzo" ayiholeli ekuzaleni kuze kube yilapho ufudu selungene eminyakeni yokuzala.
Uzakwethu uyabhukuda umsila wakhe uye phambili, esondele kakhulu ekhanda likazakwethu, ekitaza ngokungakhathali isifonyo sakhe ngezinzipho zakhe. Uma owesifazane engaphikisani nokukhwelana, uyakwamukela lokhu kudlala ngothando. Lapho ingakulungele ukuya ocansini, ufudu luxosha isoka, lisebenzisa amandla omzimba kulabo ababuthuntu ikakhulukazi.
Inzalo
Uma ukuya ocansini kuholela ekukhulelweni, owesifazane uqala ukushiswa yilanga futhi ashintshe imikhuba yakhe yokudla. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi kumafudu asekhaya abomvu anamaqabunga futhi akubi yinhlekelele: kubalulekile ukulungisa imenyu kuphela, kufaka phakathi inani lokudla.
Cishe izinyanga ezimbili zinikezwa ukukhulelwa, kepha isikhathi siyanda uma kungenzeki ukuthola indawo enhle yokubeka. Emasontweni amabili ngaphambi "kokubeletha" insikazi icishe ingashiyi phansi, ihogela futhi iyimbe. Njengoba sesithathe isinqumo ngendawo ezobekwa, lesi silwane esihuquzelayo siyasithambisa ngoketshezi olusuka ezinsweni zangasese bese simba umhlaba ngezitho zaso zangemuva.
Ufudu oluyindlebe ebomvu ngumama omubi: ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda (kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-22), ukhohlwa ngokuphelele ngenzalo. Ukufukamela, ubude bawo buncike ezingeni lokushisa, kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-100 kuye kwezingu-150. Izinga lokushisa esidlekeni nalo lithinta ubulili bezingane zofudu: ku-29 ° C nangaphezulu, amantombazane azalwa, ku-27 ° C nangaphansi, kuzalwa abafana kuphela.
Ukuphuma eqandeni, izimfudu ezisanda kuzalwa zihlaba igobolondo ngezinyo leqanda, eliwa ngemuva kwehora. Zonke izingane zisesiswini sazo isikhwama esincane esinezinsalela zokuhlinzekwa kokufukamela: ukuwa, kushiya isilonda esikhula ngokushesha.
Ukugcina izimfudu ezinamalebe abomvu
Ufudu kuphela uma uthi shazi nje ludala isithombe esikhohlisayo sesilwane esingaziphakamisi ngokweqile. Empilweni yansuku zonke, uzothola izinkinga eziningi okufanele zihlangatshezwe zihlome ngokuphelele.
Izinsimbi zokuhlala ezinofudu olubomvu
Ekhaya, izimfudu zigcinwa ezindaweni zasemanzini ezihlonyiswe ngokukhethekile.
Kungcono ukuthenga i-aquaterrarium enomthamo wamalitha ayikhulu kuya kwayi-150, ogcwele amanzi cishe ngamasentimitha angama-20 kuya ku-30. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze ufudu, uma luzigingqa emhlane, lukwazi ukuthatha indawo ejwayelekile ngaphandle kosizo. Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi wakhe uhlobo lwasebhishi olufakwe ilambu lokushisa nelambu le-UV elizobulala amagciwane.
Ibhishi kufanele libe nomthambeka osuka ezansi kwe-aquaterrarium, onendawo yomhlaba emangelengele, kepha ungabangeli imihuzuko. Kunconywa ukuthi ubeke i-embankment engekho ngaphezu kuka-20-30 cm ukusuka phezulu kwe-aquarium, ngoba ezinye izilwane ezihamba phambili ziyakwazi ukuphuma ekhaya. Izinga lokushisa emhlabeni kufanele libe cishe ngama-29-30 ° C.
Ingxenye yasemanzini ingahlotshiswa nge-algae, kepha ngaphambi kokuyitshala kufanele uthole ukuthi ingabe inobuthi, ngoba izimfudu zithanda ukunambitha konke. Izinhlanzi, ngasendleleni, azidli ulwelwe olunoshevu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwelwe kufanele lufanele amazinga okukhanya namazinga okushisa ku-aquaterrarium.
Ngokungeziwe ku-algae wokuhlobisa, ungatshala nezimila zokudla. I-Spirogyra, i-hornwort, i-anacharis, i-duckweed, i-ludwigia ifanele lezi zinhloso.
Amanzi kufanele ngokwemvelo ahlanzeke futhi afudumele, cishe ngo-26-28 ° C. Kufanele iguqulwe njengoba ingcola noma kanye ngenyanga.
Ukondla
Ukondla ufudu kuyinto ethokozisayo. Okokuqala, izingane zondliwa nsuku zonke, kuyilapho izimfudu ezindala zondliwa cishe ama-2-3 ngesonto. Okwesibili, ngeminyaka, okuqukethwe kokudla kwezitshalo kufanele kube khona. Ngakho-ke, uma ufudu olukhulu luhlala e-aquarium, khona-ke ulwelwe luyadliwa.
Ukondleka okufanele - ingxenye ebalulekile ekugcineni impilo yezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngalesi sizathu, umuntu kufanele asondele ngokucophelela ekwakhekeni kokudla. Ukwakheka kwayo kufanele kufake phakathi ukudla kwezitshalo, izengezo zamavithamini namaminerali, futhi, nenhlanzi (cod, hake, thalass) nenyama.
Ukudla kwemifino kungaqukatha: i-abutilone, i-basil, i-aloe, i-oregano, uphizi, ibhalsamu, amakhiwane, i-rudbeckia, i-clover, i-coleus, i-calendula, i-nettle, u-anyanisi, i-alfalfa, i-nasturtium, i-arrowroot, i-daisy, i-dandelion, i-petunia, i-purslane, i-tradescantia, ama-rose petals, chlorophytum, fuchsia, barley, rose hips, cyperus, Kalanchoe, fern, calathea, hibiscus, gloxinia, utshani utshani, ikhofi, ukhova.
Ehlobo, ukudla "mahhala" ngesimo semifino kuyatholakala: iziqongo zezinqathe nama-beet, iziqongo zamazambane akufanele zinikezwe, amagatsha ezithelo zezihlahla nezihlahla.
Akuvunyelwe ukondla izimfudu izitshalo ezifana ne-monstera, i-epipremnum, i-philodendron, i-anthurium, thula, i-akalif, i-croton, i-jatrophe, i-azalea, i-delphinium, i-crocus, inkazimulo yasekuseni, umnduze wesigodi, i-lupine, i-periwinkle, i-oleander, umjunipha, i-nightshade, i-ficus, i-philodendrn, i-sheflera. Izitshalo ezisohlwini zinobuthi kangangoba noma uthintwa kalula, ufudu lunamanxeba amade angapholi nezilonda. Uma umpe walezi zitshalo ungena emehlweni wesilwane, ubanga i-conjunctivitis.
Kwezinye izimo, ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo ezingavunyelwe kunomthelela ekuphazanyisweni kohlelo lwezinzwa kanye nomgudu wamathumbu.
Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha izakhi zokudla okunomsoco, umuntu kufanele aqaphele, ngoba kungukudla okunempilo okuyisihluthulelo sempilo yesilwane esifuywayo.
Thenga ufudu olunamaqabunga abomvu
Amapulazi amafudu anezindlebe ezibomvu atholakala e-United States naseMalaysia. Kokubili ukuthunyelwa ngokungemthetho nangokomthetho kwalezi zilwane ezithanda ukushisa kuvela lapho.
Izimfudu eziluhlaza ezikhanyayo ezishushumbisiwe ziyathengiswa "ngamakhophi ama-5 eqembu" khona emgwaqweni. Zinhle kakhulu futhi ziyahlakazeka ngaphansi kwamanga aqatha wabathengisi mayelana nokuzithoba kofudu.
Akekho owaziyo ukuthi izingane zigula ngani, iningi labo elizoshona ezinyangeni zokuqala ngemuva kokuthuthela efulethini. Njengomthetho, inyumoniya (isifo sofudu esivame kakhulu) iyimbangela yokufa kwalaba bantu abampofu.
Vele, ungathenga isilwane esihuquzelayo esitolo sezilwane ngama-ruble angama-200-250, kepha kungani, uma amasayithi agcwele ukububula kwabanikazi bamanje abaphupha ngokususa izimfudu esezitholakele?
Laba bantu, mhlawumbe, ngeke bathathe imali kuwe futhi ngenjabulo ngeke bakunikeze i-tortilla yabo kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-dowry yayo ecebile (amalambu, ama-siphon, izihlungi, i-aquaterrarium).
Futhi into yokugcina. Ngokunakekelwa ngokucophelela, izimfudu ezinamaqabunga abomvu ziphila okungenani iminyaka engama-40-50, futhi izibonelo eziphikelelayo ikakhulukazi ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-80.
