Iphupho lobuntu ukungafi. Akunandaba ukuthi bangaki abazibuza ukuthi siyini isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabantu, imininingwane emayelana nenani elanda njalo lezilwane eziphila isikhathi eside ivela kwabezindaba kaninginingi. Ososayensi abakwazi ukuchaza kahle ukuthi yini ethinta impilo yabo. Kepha iphethini elilodwa lishaya - enombolweni izilwane ezikhula isikhathi eside futhi eziguga kancane kunjalo entanta emanzini... Kukholakala ukuthi zihlala zisesimweni esifana ncamashi nokusindiswa komhlaba. Noma ikuphi ukwanda ngosayizi womzimba wabo ezimweni ezinjalo akubeki ingozi empilweni yabo: bangafinyelela osayizi abahlaba umxhwele.
Ngemuva kochungechunge lwezifundo, kwatholakala ukuthi kunezinhlanzi ezikhula impilo yazo yonke, ezingalokothi ziguge futhi zife ngokwemvelo, i.e. kusuka ukuguga, ungafi, kodwa bavele babulawe yizifo noma ngezinye izizathu.
Izimfudu ezi-1
Izimfudu ziphakathi kwezakhamizi zasendulo eziphilayo emhlabeni. Ummeleli ovelele ufudu lwezindlovu uJonathan. Indawo ehlala kuyo yisiqhingi saseSt. Helena (esiseningizimu ye-Atlantic Ocean). Ufudu Jonathan yisilwane esidala kunazo zonke emhlabeni, sesivele sineminyaka eyikhulu namashumi ayisikhombisa nesishiyagalombili ubudala. Lolu fudu olukhulu lwaqala ukubanjwa eSaint Helena ngo-1900. Ngemuva kwalokho, uJonathan wathwetshulwa kaningi: isithombe sakhe sivela emaphephandabeni njalo eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu. Ososayensi abaphenye ngesimo salolu fudu ngazwi linye bathi lukhulu futhi lungaphila eminye iminyaka eminingi.
Futhi, ngokwesibonelo, kunenye ufudu lwaseGalapagos okuthiwa uHarriet. Ngokudabukisayo, ushone ngenxa yokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ngo-2006. Yalethwa eYurophu akekho omunye ngaphandle kukaCharles Darwin uqobo, owake wathatha uhambo ngomkhumbi iBeagle. Qaphela ukuthi lolu fudu lufe lapho eneminyaka nje engama-250 ubudala.
2. I-Quahog yase-Oceanic
I-Oceanic Quahog imbaza ehlala emanzini ase-Arctic. Zingaphila iminyaka emingaki i-quahog yasolwandle? Ikhulu, amakhulu amabili, noma mhlawumbe yonke iminyaka engamakhulu amathathu? Yikholwe noma ungakukholwa, iminyaka yayo, ngokusho kososayensi, yiminyaka engama-405 - 410. Le mollusk yaqanjwa ngegama lokuhlonipha ubukhosi obudumile baseChina uMing, yileyo ndlela lesi silwane esazalwa ngayo ngesikhathi sokubusa kwabo.
Lesi silwane besingaphila kanjani iminyaka eminingi kangaka. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yekhono layo eliyingqayizivele lokuvuselela amaseli omzimba wayo. Lesi silwane esithandekayo siphile amakhulu amane eminyaka ekujuleni kwamamitha angama-80, nasemanzini asogwini, amnyama namakhaza, ngaphezu kwalokho, sisodwa ngokuphelele. Ngcaphuno lesi silwane asithathi.
3. Umkhomo we-Bowhead
Esinye sezilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu zasemanzini, esaziwa ososayensi njengesiqhwaga esikhulu somndeni wama-cetacean oLwandlekazi i-Arctic. Yonke le mikhomo ekhanda lomnsalo iyi-livers yangempela. Ngakho-ke, bebheka omunye wabo, ososayensi bathola iqiniso eliyindida - eyodwa yale mikhomo isivele ineminyaka engama-211 ubudala... Ngakho-ke, ngisho namanje abazi ukuthi kumele aphile kangakanani.
4. I-sea sea urchin
Naphezu kokuthi lolu hlobo lwama-urchins olwandle lubizwa ngokuthi "obomvu" ososayensi, umbala walezi zinto eziphila emanzini ungahluka kusuka ku-orange, obomvu obomvu ngisho nokucishe kube mnyama. Bahlala ogwini olunamatshe iPacific emanzini angajulile (ubuningi bamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye), ukusuka e-Alaska kuya eBaja California. Ukucija, izinaliti ezinama-hedgehogs ezicijile zifinyelela ngamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili ubude futhi zimboze wonke umzimba. Isikhathi sokuphila esiphakeme siyarekhodwa: iminyaka engama-200.
5. I-Atlantic Bighead
Umndeni wakwa-Acipenseridae wumndeni wezinhlanzi ezingama-sturgeon ezibizwa ngama-Atlantic bigheads. Mhlawumbe lo ngomunye wemindeni emidala yezinhlanzi ezinamathambo ezinamakhanda amakhulu. Bahlala ezindaweni ezipholile, ezingaphansi komhlaba nasezindaweni ezishisayo. Ikakhulu, ngasogwini lwaseYurophu nase-Asia. Iningi lalezi zinhlobo libhekwa ngasogwini lwaseNyakatho Melika. Ama-Sturgeon angafinyelela kumamitha amathathu noma ngisho amahlanu ubude.
Ngonyaka odlule, abasebenzi boMnyango Wezemvelo wase-US (Wisconsin) babamba inhloko enkulu yase-Atlantic, iminyaka yakhe yayingu-125... Lo muntu unamakhilogremu ayi-108, ubude ngamamitha ayi-2.2.
