Isicabucabu sempisi esinemilenze emincane (Pardosa mackenziana) singesama-arachnids ekilasi, ukuhleleka kwezigcawu.
Ukusabalala kwesicabucabu esinemilenze emincanyana - impisi.
Isicabucabu sempisi esinemilenze emincane sitholakala esifundeni sase-Nearctic, sisatshalaliswa kakhulu eNyakatho Melika naseCanada, kuyo yonke ingxenye esenyakatho ye-United States, kusukela ogwini kuya kolunye. Ububanzi buya kude kakhulu eningizimu eColorado naseNyakatho California. Lezi zinhlobo zesicabucabu zikhona nase-Alaska.
Indawo yokuhlala isicabucabu esinemilenze emincane iyimpisi.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane ziyizicabucabu zasemhlabeni ezitholakala ezifundeni ezipholile. Imvamisa zihlala ezihlahleni ehlathini futhi zivame ukutholakala phakathi kweziqu eziwile. Indawo yokuhlala ifaka ama-biotopes ahlukahlukene: amahlathi aqinile futhi aqinile, amaxhaphozi kasawoti, amaxhaphozi namabhishi. Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zingatholakala nasezindundumeni ze-taiga nase-alpine. Arekhodwa afinyelela ebangeni elingamamitha angama-3500. Bangaphezu kobusika ehlathini.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesicabucabu esinemilenze emincane ziyimpisi.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zizicabucabu ezinkulu kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lubonakala nge-dimorphism yezocansi, abesifazane bakhulu kancane kunabesilisa, kusuka ku-6.9 kuye ku-8.6 mm ubude, nabesilisa kusuka ku-5.9 kuye ku-7.1 mm ngobude. Izicabucabu ze-Wolf zine-lancet cephalothorax ephezulu nemilenze emide enezinzipho ezi-3. Banemigqa emithathu yamehlo: umugqa wokuqala usengxenyeni engezansi yekhanda, wakhiwa ngamehlo amane, amehlo amabili amakhulu atholakala ngenhla nje futhi amehlo amabili aphakathi aqhubeka kancane.
I-cephalothorax ensundu inomugqa okhanyayo onsundu ngokubomvu ohla wehle maphakathi nohlangothi lwenqolobane, enemivimbo emnyama ebanzi emnyama ezinhlangothini. Umugqa obomvu onsundu okhanyayo owehlela phansi maphakathi nesisu uzungezwe imivimbo emincane emnyama. Indawo ezungeze amehlo imnyama, futhi imilenze inamasongo ashintshana ansundu noma amnyama. Abesilisa nabesifazane banemibala efanayo. Izicabucabu ezibuthakathaka zimbozwe ama-bristles amhlophe asongeke abe yiphethini emise okwe-V phakathi kwegobolondo lazo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwesicabucabu esinemilenze emincane - impisi.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane ziyahlangana ngoMeyi nangoJuni, ngemuva kwalokho abantu abadala asebebeke izintambo ngaphezulu sebencibilikile. Abesilisa bathola ama-pheromones abesifazane besebenzisa ama-chemoreceptors atholakala ezingalweni nasemaphandleni. Izimpawu zokubuka nezokudlidliza kwizicabucabu nazo zingasetshenziswa ukuthola owakwakho.
Ukukhwelana kuthatha imizuzu engama-60.
Abesilisa basebenzisa ama-pedipalps abo ukudlulisela isidoda esithweni sangasese sabesifazane. Ngemuva kwalokho insikazi iqala ukuluka umfece, ijikeleze isiyingi bese inamathisela idiski phansi emhlabathini. Amaqanda abekwa maphakathi nediski ephezulu ixhunywe kudiski engezansi ukwakha isikhwama. Ngemuva kwalokho insikazi ihlukanisa i-cocoon ne-chelicerae bese inamathisela i-clutch ngaphansi kwesisu ngemicu yobulembu. Uphatha umfece nayo yonke ihlobo. Izinsikazi ezinamaqanda zivame ukuhlala phezu kweziqu zemithi eziwile endaweni enelanga. Mhlawumbe, ngale ndlela, basheshisa inqubo yokuthuthuka ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa. Kunamaqanda angama-48 ku-clutch, yize ubukhulu bawo buya ngosayizi wesicabucabu. Insikazi ingaluka umfece wesibili, kepha imvamisa iba namaqanda ambalwa. Amaqanda asesakeni lesibili makhulu futhi aqukethe izakhamzimba eziningi ezidingekayo isikhathi esifushane sokukhula, kulandelwe ubusika.
Abesilisa bafa ngemuva nje kokukhwelana, kanti abesifazane bathutha futhi bavikele amaqanda kanye nezicabucabu ezichanyuselwa ehlobo.
Izicabucabu eziqhamukayo zigibela esiswini sowesifazane kuze kube sekupheleni kukaJuni noma ekupheleni kukaJulayi, bese ziyahlukahluka bese zizimela. Laba bantu abangavuthiwe bavame ukufihla udoti kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaSepthemba noma ngo-Okthoba bese bevela ngo-Ephreli wonyaka olandelayo. Izicabucabu ezindala zondla kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba, kepha izinombolo zazo zivame ukwanda kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni, inani lezicabucabu lincike enkathini. Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zizala minyaka yonke kanti inzalo ivela kunoma yiziphi izinyanga ezintathu zasehlobo ehlobo. Izicabucabu ezivela ku-clutch yesibili zinesikhathi esincane sokukhula futhi zilungiselele ubusika. Akunandaba ukuthi izicabucabu ezisencane zichanyuselwa nini, zikulungele ukukhwelana entwasahlobo, noma unyaka owodwa noma emibili kamuva, kuya ngesifunda.
Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka wezicabucabu ezinemilenze emincanyana - izimpisi ezihlala enyakatho, yiminyaka emibili, kanti eningizimu, intuthuko ithatha unyaka owodwa. Abesilisa bafa ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhwelana, kuyilapho abesifazane bephila isikhathi eside, yize mhlawumbe kungaphansi konyaka owodwa.
Ukuziphatha kwesicabucabu esinemilenze emincane kuyimpisi.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zizodwa, izilwane ezidla ezinye zihlala ikakhulu emhlabathini, yize abesifazane behlala emithini yezihlahla eziwile, zifudunyezwe ilanga kahle. Kudingeka ukushisa ukuze amaqanda akhule.
Izicabucabu ezisencane zilala phansi ehlathini.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zivame ukulinda inyamazane edlula ekuqamekeleni. Basebenzisa ijubane labo lokuhamba, imilenze emide, nokuluma okunesihlungu ukubamba inyamazane yabo. I-cannibalism ivela kubantu bezicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu aluyona indawo, ngoba ubukhulu bezindawo zokuhlala buphakeme futhi bufinyelela ku-0,6 ngemitha eyisikwele. Indawo yokuhlala ayinqunyelwe, futhi izicabucabu zisakazeka zize zifike lapho zingakwazi khona ukumboza ibanga phansi. Umbala onsundu namaphethini phezulu kokhakhayi lwalezi zigcawu kuyindlela yokuzifihla lapho zihamba phansi.
Ukudla kwesicabucabu esinemilenze emincane impisi.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane ziyizilwane ezidla izinambuzane. Ukuluma kwabo kunoshevu, kanti i-chelicerae enkulu idala ukulimala okukhulu kwemishini. Ziphila ngokudla ama-arthropod ahlukahlukene, kepha ikakhulukazi izinambuzane.
Okusho umuntu.
Izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zingadala ukulunywa okubuhlungu futhi okunesihlungu, kepha alukho ulwazi ngabasizwayo. I-chelicerae enkulu yezicabucabu iyingozi ukwedlula ubuthi bayo; ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ububomvu kanye nezilonda kuvela endaweni yokulunywa. Kulezi zimo, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo kuyadingeka. Kungenzeka ukuthi izicabucabu zempisi ezinemilenze emincane zingaluma abantu, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka, kuphela lapho izicabucabu zizizwa zisongelwa.
