I-hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) ingeyomndeni wama-dormouse (Myoxidae).
Ukusatshalaliswa kwehazel dormouse.
I-hazel dormouse itholakala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kepha itholakala kakhulu ezindaweni eziseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeYurophu. Zitholakala nase-Asia Minor.
Izindawo zokuhlala zeHazel dormouse.
I-hazel dormouse ihlala emahlathini ahlabayo, anengqimba eminyene yezitshalo ezinomuthi kanye ne-undergrowth ye-willow, i-hazel, i-linden, i-buckthorn ne-maple. Isikhathi esiningi, i-hazel dormouse icasha emthunzini wezihlahla. Lolu hlobo lubonakala nasezindaweni zasemakhaya e-UK.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-hazel dormouse.
I-hazel dormouse incane kunazo zonke e-European dormouse. Ubude kusuka ekhanda kuye emsileni kufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-11.5-16.4. Umsila ucishe ube yingxenye yobude obuphelele. Isisindo: 15 - 30 gr. Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezincane zinamehlo amakhulu amaphakathi, amnyama nezindlebe ezincane, eziyindilinga. Ikhanda liyindilinga. Isici esivelele ngumsila okhephuzelayo ovuthayo ngombala omnyama kancane kunangemuva. Uboya buthambile, buminyene, kepha bufushane. Imibala isukela kokunsundu kuya ku-amber ohlangothini lomzimba lomhlane. Isisu simhlophe. Umphimbo nesifuba kumhlophe okakhilimu. IVibrissae yizinwele ezizwelayo ezihlelwe zaba izinyanda. Unwele ngalunye lugobile ekugcineni.
Endlini yokulala encane ye-hazel, umbala woboya ufiphele, ikakhulukazi umpunga. Imilenze kaDormouse iguquguquka kakhulu futhi iguqulelwe ukukhuphuka. Kunamazinyo angamashumi amabili. Amazinyo esihlathi e-hazel dormouse anephethini eyingqayizivele ye-crest.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwehazel dormouse.
Kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-Septhemba noma ekuqaleni kuka-Okthoba, i-hazel dormouse lala ubusuku bonke, ivuke maphakathi nentwasahlobo.
Abesilisa yizilwane zendawo, futhi mhlawumbe banesithembu.
Insikazi izala amawundlu awu-1-7. Izala inzalo izinsuku ezingama-22-25. Ama-broods amabili angenzeka phakathi nenkathi. Ukuncelisa ubisi kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-27-30. Amathole abonakala enqunu ngokuphelele, engaboni futhi engenakuzisiza. Insikazi yondla futhi ifudumeze inzalo yayo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, amazinyane akhula ngoboya kanye namafomu e-auricle. Futhi lapho inezinsuku ezingama-20-22, intsha ye-hazel dormouse encane ikhuphuka amagatsha, igxume iphume esidlekeni, bese ilandela unina. Ngemuva kwenyanga nohhafu, amakhanda amancane okulala ayazimela, ngalesi sikhathi anesisindo esisuka eshumini kuya kwayishumi nantathu amagremu. Ngokwemvelo, i-hazel dormouse ihlala iminyaka engu-3-4, ekuthunjweni isikhathi eside - kusuka eminyakeni emi-4 kuye kwengu-6.
Isidleke sehazel dormouse.
IHazel dormouse ilele usuku lonke esidlekeni esiyindilinga sotshani nobulembu, inamathele ndawonye ngamathe anamathele. Isidleke sinobubanzi obungu-15 cm, kanti isilwane silingana ngokuphelele kuso. Imvamisa itholakala ngamamitha ama-2 ngaphezu komhlaba. Izidleke zezinkukhu zakhiwa ngotshani, amaqabunga, kanye nezitshalo. AbakwaSony bavame ukuhlala emigodini nasemabhokisini esidleke okwenziwa, ngisho namabhokisi okushutheka Entwasahlobo, bancintisana nezinyoni ezincane ukuthola izindawo zokwakha izidleke. Bavele bahlele isidleke sabo ngaphezulu kwe-titmouse noma i-flycatcher. Inyoni ingashiya kuphela indawo yokukhosela etholakele.
Lezi zilwane zinezinhlobo eziningi zokukhosela: amakamelo okwakha izidleke lapho kulalwa khona i-dormouse, kanye nezindawo zokuhlala zasehlobo lapho i-hazel dormouse iphumula khona ngemuva kokudla kwasebusuku. Ziphumula emini ezidlekeni ezivulekile, ezimisiwe ezicasha esihlokweni sezihlahla. Ukuma kwazo kuhluke kakhulu: okusaqanda, okuyindilinga noma okunye ukwakheka. Amaqabunga, isitshalo esihluziwe kanye namagxolo ashubile asebenza njengezinto zokwakha.
Izici zokuziphatha kwehazel dormouse.
Izilwane ezindala azishiyi izingosi zazo ngazinye. Ekwindla yokuqala, izingane ziyafuduka, zihambe ibanga elingu-1 km, kepha zivame ukuba ngaphezu kwezikhathi zobusika ezindaweni zazo zokuzalwa. Abesilisa bahlala behamba ngenkuthalo phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, ngoba izindawo zabo zihlangana nezindawo zabesifazane. Izinhloko zokulala ezincane zithola indawo yamahhala futhi zihlale phansi.
IHazel dormouse ichitha ubusuku bonke ifuna ukudla. Imilenze yabo eqine yenza kube lula ukuhamba phakathi kwamagatsha. Ubusika buqala ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli, lapho izinga lokushisa langaphandle lehla ngaphansi kuka-16 ’° С. IHazel dormouse ichitha sonke lesi sikhathi emgodini, ngaphansi kwehlathi ehlathini noma emigodini yezilwane eshiyiwe. Izidleke zasebusika zifakwe ubulembu, izimpaphe notshani. Ngesikhathi sokulala ubusika bonke, izinga lokushisa lomzimba lehlela ku-0.25 - 0.50 ° C. IHazel dormouse - isizungu. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesilisa bavikela ngokuqinile indawo yabo kwabanye abesilisa. Ngokuqala kwesikhathi esibandayo, i-hibernation iyaqala, ubude bayo buya ngezimo zezulu. Indlu yokulala e-hazel ethanda ukushisa nganoma yikuphi ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa iwela emgodini. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuka, baqala ukuzala.
Ukudla okunomsoco kwehazel dormouse.
I-hazel dormouse idla izithelo namantongomane, kodwa futhi idle amaqanda ezinyoni, amatshwele, izinambuzane kanye nempova. Ama-hazelnut awukudla okuthandwa kakhulu yilezi zilwane. Amantongomane ahloliwe kulula ukuwahlukanisa ngemigodi ebushelelezi nxazonke lezi zilwane eziyishiya kugobolondo elicinene.
I-Walnut dormouse igxile ekudleni amantongomane emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kokulala, kepha ayikugcini ukudla ebusika. Ukudla okuphezulu kwe-fiber akulungele kakhulu ukulala, njengoba kungenayo i-cecum futhi i-cellulose kunzima ukugaya. Bakhetha izithelo nembewu. Ngaphezu kwamantongomane, ukudla okuqukethe ama-acorn, ama-strawberry, ama-blueberries, ama-lingonberries, ama-raspberries, amajikijolo. Ngentwasahlobo, izilwane zidla amagxolo ama-firs amancane. Kwesinye isikhathi zidla izinambuzane ezahlukahlukene. Ukuze usinde ebusika ngokuphepha, i-hazel dormouse iqongelela amafutha angaphansi, kuyilapho isisindo somzimba sicishe siphindwe kabili.
Indima ye-ecosystem ye-hazel dormouse.
IHazel dormouse isiza ekupholiseni izitshalo lapho zidla impova evela ezimbali. Ziba yizisulu zezimpungushe nezingulube zasendle.
Isimo sokonga se-hazel dormouse.
Inani le-hazel dormouse liyancipha ezifundeni ezisenyakatho zebanga ngenxa yokulahleka kwezindawo zokuhlala zehlathi. Inani labantu ebangeni lonke lincane. Lezi zinhlobo zezilwane njengamanje ziphakathi kwezinhlobo ezisengozini kakhulu, kepha zinesimo esikhethekile ohlwini lwama-CITES. Ezifundeni eziningi, i-hazel dormouse isezinhlwini zezinhlobo ezingavamile.
