I-Svenson buzzard (Buteo swainsoni) ingeka-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zeSvenson buzzard.
Ubhasikidi kaSvenson usayizi ka-56 cm, amaphiko angamasentimitha ayi-117 kuye kwayi-137. Izinhlobo ezimbili ze-morphological zikhona kumbala wezimpaphe. Isisindo - kusuka ku-820 kuya ku-1700 amagremu. Izici zangaphandle zowesilisa nowesifazane ziyefana.
Ezinyonini ezinezimpaphe ezikhanyayo, ibunzi elimhlophe liqhathanisa nombala ocishe ufane ompunga nomnyama wentamo yentamo, emuva nangaphezulu komzimba ophezulu. Zonke izimpaphe zinokukhanya kwe-grey-fawn. Ibala elincane elimhlophe lihlobisa intamo. Izimpaphe zokuqala nezesibili zingwevu onsundu ngemivimbo emnyama ehluke kakhulu ngaphakathi. Umsila umpunga okhanyayo ngesisekelo esimhlophe.
Izimpaphe ezimaphakathi zombili zifakwe umbala onsundu futhi ziqukethe imidwebo ehlukahlukene yezinhlayiya ezimpunga ngokukhanyayo, kanye nemivimbo eyishumi ewela “mnyama”. Isilevu nendawo emaphakathi yomphimbo zimhlophe. Indawo ebanzi, ebomvana ngokubomvu ngokubomvu imboza sonke isifuba. Izingxenye ezingezansi zomzimba zimhlophe, kwesinye isikhathi zinombala onsundu, onemithunzi engaphelele ngenhla.
Undertail enemivimbo emincane emnyama. Iris yeso imnyama nsundu. I-wax namakhona omlomo aphuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Uqhwaku lumnyama. Ama-paaw aphuzi. Ama-buzzard anombala omnyama weSvenson anemibala efanayo yomsila njengama-buzzards anemibala ekhanyayo. Wonke umzimba, kufaka phakathi ikhanda, umnyama, ucishe ube mnyama noma ube mpunga-mnyama. Zonke izimpaphe zokumboza kanye nezimpaphe zephiko zihlukaniswa ngemivimbo ehlukile. Undertail ngemivimbo emnyama kakhulu.
Ama-Dusky Swenson Buzzards ayizinyoni ezingavamile, ngaphandle kweCalifornia, lapho akha khona cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu. Kukhona futhi isigaba esiphakathi ngokubomvu, lapho izingxenye ezingezansi zinemivimbo ephawulekayo yombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo noma onsundu ngemivimbo eminingi.
U-brown ongaphansi onezindawo ezimnyama. Ama-buzzard aseSvenson amancane afana nezinyoni ezindala, kodwa anezindawo nemivimbo eminingi emzimbeni ongenhla nangaphansi. Isifuba nezinhlangothi kumnyama bhuqe. Ama-buzzards amancane eSvenson we-morph amnyama ahlukaniswa ngokukhanya okuncane engxenyeni engenhla. Umlomo ocacile unemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphandle kokukhazimula. I-wax iluhlaza okotshani. Ukhilimu okhanyayo kuya kuluhlaza okotshani okumpunga.
Izindawo zokuhlala zeSvenson buzzard.
I-Svenson buzzard itholakala ezindaweni ezivulekile noma ezivulekile: izingwadule, izimfunda ezinkulu ezinotshani, ebusika nangenkathi yokwakha isidleke. Ehlobo, isilwane esinamaphiko sinokuthanda okungenakuphikwa ezindaweni ezimile ngotshani nezihlahla ezikhulayo ezihlukanisiwe, ikakhulukazi ngoba ezindaweni ezinjalo kunamagundane nezinambuzane eziningi, okuwukudla okuyinhloko.
ECalifornia, iSwenson Buzzard ihlola izindawo zezolimo lapho ithola khona ukudla okuphindwe kane kunezinye izindawo zokwakha izidleke. EColorado, ihlala kakhulu ezigodini futhi, ngezinga elincane, ihlanzekile indawo enotshani nomhlaba wezolimo. Zonke lezi zindawo zinamahlathi amancane nje futhi zilungele ukwakha izidleke. Izinyoni ezifukamela ubusika eNyakatho Melika zivame ukukhetha njalo indawo yokulima lapho zithola khona ukudla kalula. Ebusika, bayazulazula besuka kwenye insimu baye kwenye, bahlole kancane izindawo bese beya phambili.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwenyoni yaseSvenson.
Izimpungushe zikaSvenson zivame ezwenikazi laseMelika. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, izinyoni zihlala eNyakatho Melika, eBritish Columbia kuya eCalifornia. Kusatshalaliswe eTexas nasenyakatho neMexico (Sonora, Chihuahua naseDurango). Emathafeni Amakhulu, umngcele usezingeni laseKansas, Nebraska, nasenkabeni yedolobha i-Oklahoma. Ubusika be-Swainson buzzard eNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi ePampas.
Izici zokuziphatha kwe-Svenson buzzard.
Izimpungushe zikaSvenson yizinyoni ezizodwa. Ngenkathi yokuzalanisa, izinyoni ezimbili ezindala zikhombisa izindiza ezihlaba umxhwele, lapho zindiza zodwa eceleni kwesidleke. Izimpungushe zikaSvenson zichaza imibuthano esibhakabhakeni enobubanzi bekhilomitha elilodwa nohhafu. Ekuqaleni, zombili izinyoni zikhula kancane ngamamitha angama-90 ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ukuzulazula ngendlela eyisiyingi, ziqale kabusha zibuyele kabili isiyingi. Indiza yokubonisa iphela ngomzila omude wokufanisa nokufika esidlekeni. Owesifazane ujoyina owesilisa nowesiko lokukhwelana.
Ukuzalela kwe-Svenson buzzard.
Ama-buzzard ama-Swainson yizinyoni zendawo. Ngenkathi yokwakha izidleke, bancintisana nezinye izinyoni ezidla inyama njengeButeo regalis yezindawo zokwakha izidleke. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngesikhathi sokufuduka, zibekezelela kakhulu ukuba khona kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni, zakha amaqembu amakhulu. Isikhathi sokuzala samaqhuqhuva aseSvenson siqala ngoMashi noma ngo-Ephreli ezindaweni ezifanayo zokwakha izidleke njengaseminyakeni edlule.
Lapho isidleke esidala sichithwa, amabhangqa amabili akha esinye esisha. Izidleke zivame ukuba zincane futhi zitholakala kumamitha ama-5 noma ama-6 ngaphezulu komhlaba. Izinyoni zithanda ukuhlala esidlekeni ngesihlahla sonwele, iphayini, i-mesquite, i-poplar, i-elm kanye ne-cactus. Ukwakhiwa noma ukuvuselelwa kuthatha izinsuku eziyi-7 kuye kwezingu-15. Abesilisa baletha izinto eziningi futhi benza imisebenzi enzima kakhulu. Bobabili abalingani bagcwala isidleke ngamagatsha aluhlaza anamaqabunga ngaphakathi. Insikazi izalela amaqanda amhlophe ayi-1 kuya kwayi-4 ngesikhawu sezinsuku ezi-2. Abesifazane kuphela abafukamela izinsuku ezingama-34 - 35, owesilisa uyamondla. Kwesinye isikhathi kuphela insikazi ishiya i-clutch, kepha bese kuthi umlingani wayo afukamele.
Izimpungushe zikaSvenoson osemncane zikhula ngokushesha: ziyakwazi ukushiya isidleke ngezinsuku ezingama-33 - 37, zenze izindiza zazo zokuqala. Phakathi naso sonke isikhathi, ngenkathi izinyoni ezincane zikwazi ukundiza, zisondelene nabazali bazo futhi zithola ukudla kuzo. Balungiselela izindiza cishe inyanga yonke, ukuze bakwazi ukushiya izindawo zabo zomdabu bebodwa ekwindla.
Ukondliwa kwe-Svenson buzzard.
Ama-buzzard eSwainson adla ukudla okuhlukahlukene. Izinyoni ezidla inyama zidla izinambuzane, izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane nezinyoni. Izilwane ezincelisayo zifaka ikakhulu amagundane, ama-shrews, ama-lagomorphs, izingwejeje zomhlaba kanye namagundane. Iningi lemenyu yizilwane ezincelisayo - 52% wokudla okuphelele, izinambuzane ezingama-31%, izinyoni eziyi-17%. Ukwakheka kokudla okunempilo kuyashintsha ngenkathi.
Isimo sokongiwa kwebhova likaSvenson.
Kwezinye izifunda, ezinjengeCalifornia, ama-buzzard aseSwainson anciphe kakhulu kangangoba ehle ngo-10% kusayizi wawo wokuqala. Isizathu sokwehla kwenani lezinyoni ezidla inyama ukusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane ngabalimi base-Argentina, okwaholela ekubhujisweni okungenani kwezinyoni ezingama-20 000. Amabhangqa alinganiselwa ku-40,000 kuya kuma-53,000 ama-Swainson buzzard ahlala emvelweni. I-IUCN ibeka iSwensonian Buzzard njengohlobo olunezinsongo ezingatheni zenala.
