Ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe, noma njengoba libizwa nangokuthi ibhere lasolwandle elisenyakatho (polar) (igama lesiLatin - oshkui), lingesinye sezilwane ezincelisayo zomhlaba ezisidla kakhulu emndenini webhere. Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa - isihlobo esiqondile sebhere elinsundu, yize lihlukile kulo ngezindlela eziningi ngesisindo nombala wesikhumba.
Ngakho-ke ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe lingafinyelela ubude bamamitha ama-3 futhi libe nesisindo esifinyelela kumakhilogremu ayi-1000, kanti elinsundu alifinyeleli kumamitha ayi-2,5, futhi linesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu angama-450 uqobo. Ake ucabange nje ukuthi ibhere elilodwa lenduna elisendaweni emhlophe lingaba nesisindo esilingana nabantu abadala abayishumi kuya kwabayishumi nambili.
Amabhere we-polar ahlala kanjani
Amabhere we-polar, noma njengoba abizwa nangokuthi "amabhere asolwandle", ikakhulukazi azingela ama-pinnipeds. Esikhathini esiningi bathanda ukuzitika ngophawu lwehabhu, uphawu olunezinsimbi noluvo lwentshebe. Baphuma bayozingela izindawo ezisogwini ezisogwini lwasempumalanga naseziqhingini zamazinyane wezimpawu zoboya nama-walrus. Amabhere amhlophe awazideleli izidumbu, noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okuvela olwandle, izinyoni nezinkukhu zazo, kubhubhisa izidleke zazo. Kuyaqabukela, ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe libamba amagundane esidlweni sakusihlwa, futhi londla amajikijolo, ubulembu nobulembu kuphela ezimweni lapho kungekho lutho lokudla.
Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakhe, ibhere lesifazane elimhlophe lilele ngokuphelele emgodini, elizilungiselela lona emhlabathini, kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya ku-Ephreli. Amabhere kuyaqabukela abe namazinyane ama-3, imvamisa ibhere lizala izinyane elilodwa noma amabili bese liwaqapha kuze kube yilapho izingane sezineminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Ibhere elimhlophe liphila iminyaka engama-30... Kuyaqabukela, lesi silwane esincelisayo sidlule umugqa weminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
Lapho uhlala khona
Ibhere elimhlophe lingahlala litholakala kuNovaya Zemlya naseFranz Josef Lands. Kodwa-ke, kunabantu abaningi balezi zidalwa eChukotka ngisho naseKamchatka. Kunamabhere amaningi apholile ogwini lwaseGreenland, kufaka phakathi ichopho lawo eliseningizimu. Futhi, lezi zidlakela ezivela emndenini wamabhere zihlala oLwandle iBarents. Ngesikhathi sokubhujiswa nokuncibilika kweqhwa, amabhere athuthela echibini lase-Arctic, emngceleni walo osenyakatho.
Kungani amabhere asezindaweni ezimhlophe emhlophe?
Njengoba wazi, amabhere eza ngemibala nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Kunamabhere amnyama, amhlophe nansundu. Kodwa-ke, ibhere le-polar kuphela elingaphila ezimweni ezibandayo - ezingxenyeni ezinamakhaza kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke, amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo ahlala ngaphesheya kwe-Arctic Circle eNorth Pole, eSiberia, eCanada, kodwa ezingxenyeni zalo ezisenyakatho kuphela, maningi awo e-Antarctic. Ibhere lasezindaweni ezibandayo lilungiselelwe ngokuphelele ukuhlala ezimweni ezinjalo futhi aliliqhwa nhlobo. Futhi konke ngenxa yobukhona bejazi loboya elifudumele kakhulu futhi elijiyile, okuthi, noma emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, lifudumale ngokuphelele.
Ngaphezu kwejazi elimhlophe elijiyile, umhlaseli unenqwaba yamafutha agcina ukushisa. Ngenxa yesendlalelo esinamafutha, umzimba wesilwane awupholisiwe. Ibhere elisendaweni emhlophe ngokuvamile alikhathazeki ngamakhaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angachitha usuku lonke ngokuphepha emanzini aneqhwa futhi angabhukuda aze afike kumakhilomitha ayikhulu kuwo ngaphandle kokuma! Kwesinye isikhathi isilwane sihlala emanzini isikhathi eside ukuthola ukudla lapho, noma siye ogwini bese sizingela isisulu saso ezindaweni ezimhlophe njengeqhwa zase-Antarctica naseNyakatho. Futhi njengoba kungekho ndawo yokukhosela ekhethekile emathafeni aneqhwa, "umzingeli" ugcinwa ngengubo yoboya emhlophe. Ijazi lebhere elisendaweni emhlophe linombala ophuzi kancane noma omhlophe, ovumela umhlaseli ukuba ancibilike kahle ebumhlotsheni beqhwa, ngaleyo ndlela alibonakalise ngokuphelele esilwaneni sakhe. Umbala omhlophe wesilwane ukucasha okuhle kakhulu... Kuvela ukuthi kwakungeyona ize ukuthi imvelo idale lesi silwane simhlophe ngokunembile, hhayi ngombala onsundu, onemibala ehlukahlukene noma obomvu imbala.
