I-Belostoma iyimbungulu enkulu yamanzi, ingeyomndeni iBelostomatidae, i-oda le-Hemiptera.
Lona ummeleli omkhulu weHemiptera. Cishe izinhlobo eziyi-140 ze-belostom zihlelwe kahle. Atholakala kuzo zombili izindawo ezishisayo nezifudumele. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinsalela ezihlala eMpumalanga Ekude, zibizwa ngeLetocerus deyrolli ne-Ap-pasus enkulu. I-Belostomy yimidondoshiya yangempela phakathi kwezinambuzane.
Izimpawu zangaphandle ze-belostoma
IBelostoma inobude bomzimba obungu-10 - 12 cm, abantu abakhulu bafinyelela ku-15 cm.
Ihlukaniswa kalula yizindonga zayo eziwugqinsi, ezigobile ezihlome ngezingwegwe ezifana nezinzipho zecrayfish noma ofezela. Izinsimbi zomlomo ze-belostoma i-proboscis emfushane futhi egobile, efana noqhwaku. Kweduna, umzimba ongaphezulu unesigaxa, lokhu kubukeka akunikezwa amaqanda azithwala ngawo. Ukubukeka kwangaphandle kwesibungu kufana nesinambuzane esidala, kepha ngaphandle kwamaphiko.
I-Belostoma isakazeka
I-Belostomy ihlala emizimbeni yamanzi eningizimu-mpumalanga nasempumalanga ye-Asia.
Izindawo zokuhlala zeBelostomy
I-Belostoma itholakala emizimbeni yamanzi engajulile enamanzi asebenzayo noma amile. Kusatshalaliswa emachibini nasemachibini agcwele izimila zasemanzini, imvamisa emifuleni nasemifudlaneni. Kungaba khona emanzini anosawoti asogwini. Uchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngaphandle kwedamu, ama-belostomas atholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlaliswa kabusha, lapho endiza kwelinye idamu.
Ukudla okunomsoco we-Belostomy
I-Belostoma yisilwane esizingelayo esizingela izinambuzane, ama-crustaceans, ama-amphibians. Amathe aqukethe izinto ezikhethekile ezikhubaza isisulu. Lapho-ke lesi sinambuzane esidlayo simane simunce okuqukethwe okungoketshezi. Lapho ihlasela inyamazane, i-belostoma ibamba isisulu ngeziqalo zangaphambili eziqinile bese siyibamba ngezingwegwe ezikhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho ifaka i-proboscis emzimbeni bese ijova into enobuthi ekhubaza isisulu. Ijusi lokugaya leli liqukethe ama-enzyme ancibilikisa izitho zangaphakathi esimweni se-mushy, ngemuva kwalokho i-belostoma imunca izakhamzimba emzimbeni wesisulu.
Izimbungulu ezinkulu zomndeni iBelostomatidae zingahlasela ngisho nezimfudu ezivikelwe yigobolondo eliminyene. U-Oba Shin-ya, isazi sezinto eziphilayo e-University of Kyoto, waba ngowokuqala ukubona ukuhlaselwa kwe-belostoma. Komunye wemisele eyayisesigangeni selayisi, wathola isitho esimhlophe esimhlophe iLetocerus deyrolli, esanamathela kufudu. Ubukhulu be-belostoma babuhlaba umxhwele - u-15 cm.
Ufudu lwesiShayina olubhekwe kathathu (iChinemys reevesii) lwalungelincane kakhulu kunesilwane esidlayo futhi lwalunobude obungamasentimitha ayi-17. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-belostoma ayilimazi igobolondo futhi isebenzisa kuphela i-proboscis, iyingenisa emzimbeni othambile wesilwane esihuquzelayo. Ufudu olunamakhemikhali amathathu, olutholakala emanzini aseJapan, lulimaza abadobi ngokudla ifry yezinhlanzi eziningi ezithengiswayo. AmaFudu (Chinemys reevesii) alethwa eJapan kudala futhi anda ngokushesha, ngoba azitholanga izitha ngaphansi kwezimo ezintsha. Kodwa kulokhu, ama-belostomes aqala ukulawula inani lezilwane ezihuquzelayo.
Uma i-belostoma ngokwayo iba yinto yokuzingela, iyeka ukuhamba, ilingisa ukufa kwayo.
Imbungulu isabisa izitha ngoketshezi olunephunga elibi olukhishwa endunu.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-belostomy
Phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, ezinye izinhlobo ze-belostom zibekela amaqanda ebusweni bezitshalo zasemanzini. Kepha kunezinhlobo ezibonisa ukunakekelwa okumangazayo kwenzalo yazo. Ngemuva kokukhwelana, i-belostomy yesifazane izalela amaqanda angaphezu kwekhulu ngemuva kowesilisa bese iwanamathisela ngesihlanganisi esikhethekile. Indoda ayigcini ngokuvikela inzalo, kepha futhi ihlinzeka ngokugcwala kwamanzi okugcwele umoya-mpilo, nokunyakaza kwemilenze yakhe, noma ibeka umzimba wayo ongaphezulu kancane ebusweni bamanzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa cishe ababhukudi futhi abazingeli neze.
Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, izibungu zisuka emhlane womzali zingene emanzini.
Ngemuva kokuthi izibungu ziqhamuke emaqandeni, abesilisa bayeka ngokuphelele ukondla, ngakho-ke, ngemuva kokuzala, inani labesilisa lincipha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, amaphesenti aphezulu wokugcinwa kwamaqanda aqinisekiswa. Umjikelezo wokuguqulwa kusuka eqandeni uye ezinambuzaneni ezindala uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga. Ezimbungwini, ukukhula akuphelele, kanti izibungu ziyafana nezinambuzane ezindala, kodwa zincane ngosayizi. Babhekana nama-molts amaningana, emva kwalokho amaphiko, izengezo zangaphandle zivela futhi kwakhiwa izitho zokuzala.
I-Belostomy eJapan ibhekwa njengophawu lobaba abanakekelayo abanakekela izingane zabo.
Ukuguqulwa kweBelostomy
I-Belostomy yizinambuzane eziguqulelwe ukuhlala emanzini. Banomzimba nezitho ezihlelekile zokubasiza ukubhukuda. Lapho unyakaza emanzini, imilenze isebenza njengezigwedlo, futhi izinwele ezijiyile zandisa indawo yokugwedla, zisabalele ngesikhathi sokukhahlela okunamandla. Ukuphefumula nge-belostom kwenziwa ngumoya osemkhathini, ongena kumashubhu okuphefumula ngokuvula okuphela kwesisu. Zifushane, futhi nokuhlinzekwa komoya kuncane, ngakho-ke izimbungulu ngezikhathi ezithile zikhuphukela phezulu echibini lokuphefumula.
Enye idivayisi ethokozisayo itholakala ku-belostom: kunamabala amaningi amnyama emilenzeni. Lezi ulwelwesi olunamaseli abucayi, anikezwe ngezinwele. Banquma ukuguquguquka emanzini nokujula kwedamu. Ngenxa yalesi "sitho", izimbungulu zamanzi zihamba lapho zihlasela isisulu.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwe-belostomy
EJapan, i-belostoma Lethocerus deyrolli ibhalwe kuRed Book esigabeni: "isengozini." Emazweni amaningi aseMpumalanga Asia, kufaka phakathi kwezinye izifunda zaseJapan, kudliwa ukudla okuthosiwe okumhlophe. Lokhu kudla okunambitheka kunambitheka njengemfanzi ethosiwe, futhi uketshezi lwezindlala zangasese kuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kwezinhlobo ezithile zesosi yesoya.
Izimbungulu ezinkulu ziye zaba isisulu semikhuba yabantu yokudla.
Bacishe babanjwe ngokuphelele kwezinye izindawo zebanga, ngakho-ke, bayathathwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa.
Yimuphi umonakalo odalwa yi-belostomy kubantu?
Kwezinye izimo, i-belostomas ihlasela abagibeli. Ukulunywa yizimbungulu kubuhlungu, kepha akuyona ingozi empilweni, imiphumela idlula ngokushesha.
Entwasahlobo nasekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, ama-belostoms enza izindiza ezinkulu eziya kwezinye izidumbu zamanzi. Yize izinambuzane zindiza ebusuku, ukuhlangana nazo akuthandeki. Ukushaywa ebusweni okwenziwe yisiphazamisi esinjalo akunakwenzeka ukuthi kujabulise noma ngubani, ngakho-ke akufanele uphazamise ama-belostoms ukuxazulula.
