I-Himalayan partridge (i-Ophrysia superciliosa) ingenye yezinhlobo zezinyoni eziyivelakancane emhlabeni. Naphezu kwezifundo eziningi, intendele yaseHimalaya ayikaze ibonwe kusukela ngo-1876. Mhlawumbe lolu hlobo cishe lusahlala ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo.
Izindawo zokuhlala zekholishi laseHimalaya
I-Himalayan partridge ihlala emithambekeni eseningizimu enezimfunda nezihlahla endaweni ephakeme ka-1650 kuya ku-2400 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle emahlathini esifunda esisezansi se-Western Himalayan e-Uttarakhand.
Le nyoni incamela ukucasha phakathi kwezimila eziphansi. Zihamba phakathi kotshani obemboze imithambeka emadwaleni emadwaleni ezigodini ezinamatshe noma ezinamadwala. Ngemuva kukaNovemba, lapho utshani obusemithambekeni yezintaba evulekile buba bukhulu futhi buhlinzeka izembozo ezinhle zezinyoni. Izidingo zendawo yokuhlala yengxenyeni ye-Himalaya iyafana naleyo edingekayo ye-pheasant Catreus wallichi. Ukusatshalaliswa kwepartridge yeHimalaya.
I-Himalayan partridge isatshalaliswa ezifundeni zaseJharipani, Banog naseBhadraj (ngale kweMassouri) naseSher Danda ka (Nainital). Zonke lezi zindawo zisezintabeni eziphansi zase-Western Himalaya esifundazweni sase-Uttarakhand eNdiya. Ukusatshalaliswa kwalezi zinhlobo okwamanje akwaziwa. Phakathi kuka-1945 no-1950, kwaqalwa intendele yaseHimalaya empumalanga yeKumaon eduzane nedolobhana laseLohagat nasendaweni yaseDailekh eNepal, kwatholakala esinye isifanekiso eduze kwaseSuwakholi eMassouri ngo-1992. Kodwa-ke, zonke izincazelo zalezi zinyoni azicacile futhi azicaci.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zohlamvu lweHimalaya
I-Himalayan partridge inkulu kunezigwaca.
Inomsila omude uma kuqhathaniswa. Umlomo nemilenze kubomvu. Uqhwaku lwenyoni lukhulu futhi lumfushane. Imilenze imifushane futhi imvamisa ihlome nge-spur eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Izinzipho zazifushane, zibuthuntu, zenzelwe ukuthola inhlabathi. Izimpiko zifushane futhi ziyindilinga. Indiza inamandla futhi iyashesha, kepha ngebanga elifushane.
I-Himalayan partridge yakha imihlambi yezinyoni eziyi-6-10, ezingatholakali kalula, futhi zisuka kuphela uma seziseduze kwazo. Izimpaphe zabesilisa zimpunga, ubuso obumnyama nomphimbo. Ibunzi limhlophe nebunzi lincane. Insikazi inombala onsundu onsundu. Ikhanda lincane emaceleni nangaphansi ngesifihla-buso esiphikisanayo nemichilo emnyama ebonakalayo esifubeni. Izwi liyimpempe ekhalayo, ethusayo.
Isimo sokulondolozwa kwepartridge yaseHimalaya
Ucwaningo lwensimu maphakathi nekhulu le-19 lukhombise ukuthi i-Himalayan grouse kungenzeka ukuthi yayijwayeleke kakhulu, kepha yaba uhlobo olungavamile ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1800.
Ukuntuleka kwamarekhodi isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu kusikisela ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane lungaphela. Kodwa-ke, le mininingwane ayiqinisekisiwe, ngakho-ke kunethemba lokuthi abantu abancane basalondolozwe kwezinye izindawo emazingeni aphansi noma aphakathi oHlangweni lweHimalaya phakathi kweNainital neMassouri.
Ngaphandle kwesimo "esibucayi" separtridge yaseHimalaya, kuncane kakhulu umzamo okwenziwe ukuthola lolu hlobo ngaphakathi kohlobo lwalo lwemvelo.
Imizamo yakamuva yokuthola intendele engabonakali ye-Himalaya yenziwe ngokusebenzisa idatha yesathelayithi nolwazi lwendawo.
Kodwa-ke, alukho kulezi zifundo olukhombe ubukhona besagwaca saseHimalaya, noma ngabe eminye imininingwane ewusizo itholakele ukukhomba lolu hlobo. Noma ngabe izingxenye zeHimalaya zikhona, zonke izinyoni ezisele kungenzeka zenze iqembu elincane, futhi ngenxa yalezi zizathu intendele yaseHimalaya ibhekwa njengengozini enkulu.
Umsoco we-Himalaya Partridge
I-Himalayan grouse iklaba ngemihlambi emincane emithambekeni esemaweni eseningizimu futhi idla imbewu yotshani mhlawumbe namajikijolo nezinambuzane.
Izici zokuziphatha kwentendele yeHimalaya
Emini, amapaseji aseHimalaya ehlela ezindaweni ezivikelekile, ezinotshani. Lezi yizinyoni ezinamahloni kakhulu futhi eziyimfihlo, ezingatholwa kuphela ngokucishe zinyathele izinyawo zazo. Akucaci noma ngabe lolu uhlobo lwe-sessile noma lwemihambuma. Ngo-2010, izakhamuzi zakule ndawo zabika ukuba khona kwamaphaseji aseHimalaya ensimini kakolweni endaweni yamahlathi kaphayini osogwini entshonalanga yeNepal.
Izindlela namasu asetshenziselwe ukuthola intendele yeHimalaya
Ochwepheshe basikisela ukuthi inani elincane lamaphaseji aseHimalaya akhona endaweni ethile eqhelile. Ngakho-ke, ukuzithola kudinga izifundo ezihlelwe kahle kusetshenziswa izindlela zokuzwa kude nedatha yesathelayithi.
Ngemuva kokuthi izindawo ezingaba khona zezinhlobo ezingavamile zitholakele, abalindi bezinyoni abanolwazi kufanele bajoyine lo msebenzi. Ngomzamo wokuthola izinyoni, zonke izindlela zokuhlola zifanelekile:
- sesha nezinja eziqeqeshwe ngokukhethekile,
- izindlela zokubamba (ukusetshenziswa kokusanhlamvu njengesithiyelo, izingibe zezithombe).
Kuyadingeka futhi ukwenza ucwaningo oluhlelekile lwabazingeli bendawo abanolwazi, besebenzisa imifanekiso yakamuva namaphosta, kulo lonke uhla olungaba khona lwalesi silwane e-Uttarakhand.
Ngabe izingxenye zeHimalaya zikhona namuhla?
Ukuqashelwa kwakamuva kanye nokucwaninga kwezindawo okusolwa ukuthi ziyi-partridge yaseHimalaya kukhombisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezinyoni seluphelile. Lokhu kucabanga kusekelwa amaqiniso amathathu:
- akekho oke wabona izinyoni isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka,
- abantu bebelokhu behlala ngamanani amancane,
- indawo yokuhlala ingaphansi kwengcindezi eqinile ye-anthropogenic.
Ukuseshwa ngezinja eziqeqeshiwe namakhamera wesicupho akhethekile okusanhlamvu kwasetshenziswa ukuthola amapaseji aseHimalaya.
Ngakho-ke, uchungechunge locwaningo lwensimu oluhleliwe kusetshenziswa iziphuphutheki luzodinga ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe isiphetho sokugcina sokuthi i-Himalaya grouse 'ayisekho'. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwamangqamuzana ezimpaphe nama-eggshell aqoqwe ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona i-Himalayan partridge.
Kuze kuphothulwe izifundo zemikhakha eningiliziwe, kunzima ukwenza isiphetho sokuhlukanisa; kungacatshangwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwenyoni alunakwenzeka futhi luyimfihlo, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukuyithola endalweni.
Izinyathelo zemvelo
Ukuthola ukuthi ikuphi i-Himalayan partridge itholakala kuphi, kwenziwa ucwaningo nabantu bendawo ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezingalungela intendele yaseHimalaya kusukela ngo-2015 e-Uttarakhand (India). Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luyaqhubeka nge-biology ye-pheasant Catreus wallichi, enezidingo ezifanayo zendawo yokuhlala. Izingxoxo zibanjwa nabazingeli bendawo, ngokubamba iqhaza koMnyango Wezamahlathi Kahulumeni, mayelana nezindawo ezingaba khona zekholishi laseHimalaya.
Ngokususelwa kulezi zingxoxo, kwenziwa ucwaningo olunzulu oluningi, kufaka phakathi izindawo ezindala zezinhlobo ezingavamile (iBudraj, iBenog, iJharipani neSher-ka-danda), amasizini ambalwa, nangemuva kwemibiko yendawo yakamuva naseNayini Tal. Amaphosta nemiklomelo yemali inikezwa izakhamizi zendawo ukukhuthaza ukuseshwa kwenhlwathi yaseHimalaya.
