Inyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu (Pseudechis porphyriacus) noma i-echidna emnyama ingeyezinyoka ezimnyama zomndeni we-aspid. Lezi zinhlobo zifakiwe ohlwini lwezinyoka ezinobuthi kakhulu ezindaweni ezishisayo futhi ziyingozi impela. Abantu base-Australia bavele bayibize ngokuthi “inyoka emnyama”. Lezi zinhlobo zachazwa okokuqala nguGeorge Shaw ngo-1794 encwadini yakhe yezilwane yaseNew Holland.
Inyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu (Pseudechis porphyriacus) ingeyase-Eastern Australia. Yize ubuthi bawo bungadala ubuthi obukhulu, ukuluma akuholeli ekufeni. Lolu hlobo lwenyoka lunobuthi obuncane kunezinye izinyoka zase-Australia ezibulalayo.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zenyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu
Inyoka emnyama enamasongo abomvu inomzimba onobude obungamamitha ayi-1.5 kuya kwamamitha amabili nohhafu. Isikhumba sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ohlangothini lwensalela sinombala ocwebezelayo onombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngaphansi komzimba nezinhlangothi kudwetshwe ngombala obomvana, obomvu, obomvu klebhu, kukhona umngcele omnyama obonakalayo. Isiphetho sangaphambili sinsundu ngokukhanyayo. Isikali esikhunjeni siyashelela futhi siyalingana. Inhloko yenyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu ivulekile. Amabala ansundu agqama eduze kwamakhala noma eduze kwezisekelo zamehlo.
Amazinyo anobuthi atholakala phambi komhlathi ongaphezulu. Zibukeka njengama-canines, zigobile ngaphakathi futhi zikhulu kakhulu uma ziqhathaniswa namanye amazinyo. Izinyo ngalinye elinoshevu linomsele wokukhipha amanzi anobuthi. Ngokuvamile isirhubuluzi sisebenzisa izinyo elilodwa kuphela, i-canine yesibili isebenza njengesipele uma kwenzeka inyoka ilahlekelwa elilodwa lazo. Amanye amazinyo mancane kakhulu, ngaphandle komsele onesihlungu.
Ukusabalala kwenyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu
Inyoka emnyama enamasongo abomvu isatshalaliswa empumalanga naseningizimu ye-Australia.
Kutholakala esiqhingini saseNew Guinea. Akukho kuphela enyakatho yezwekazi lase-Australia naseTasmania. Kubonakala ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni ngasogwini olusempumalanga ye-Australia ngaseSydney, Canberra, Adelaide, Melbourne, Cairns.
Imikhakha yenyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu
Inyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu ihlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama ngokwanele futhi itholakala ezigodini zemifula. Uhlala emahlathini asemadolobheni, emahlathini angenalutho, phakathi kwezihlahla. Kwenzeka eduze kwamadamu, eduze kwemifudlana, amachibi neminye imizimba yamanzi.
Izici zokuziphatha kwenyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu
Inyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu akuyona inhlobo yolaka, ayifuni ukuhlasela kuqala. Lapho impilo isongelwa, ufuna ukubalekela lowo obemfuna. Kubonakala ngomsebenzi wasemini. Lapho ichibi lifudumala, lingacasha ngaphansi kwamanzi cishe ihora, libhukude futhi lishone ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kokuzingela, ucasha ngaphansi kwezihibe, amatshe nezinqwaba zikadoti. Kungena emigodini, emigodini nasemifantwini.
Uma kunengozi, inyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu iphushela kancane izimbambo ezinhlangothini.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwakheka komzimba kuyabhabha bese kuba kubanzi, kuyilapho isilwanyane esihuquzelayo sifana nemfezi enekhanda elivuvukile. Uma kwenzeka kuba nosongo olukhulu, inyoka iphakamisa intamo yayo ibude obungu-10 - 20 ngaphezu kobuso bomhlaba bese iphonsa ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba isondele esitheni, ilunywe ngamazinyo anobuthi.
Ngokwemvelo, izimpi zangempela zivame ukwenzeka phakathi kwabesilisa balezi zinhlobo zezinyoka. Abesilisa ababili abanamakhanda aphakanyisiwe bayahlaselwa, bezama ukugoba ikhanda lomphikisi phansi. Ngemuva kwalokho owinile ugoqa umzimba wakhe oguquguqukayo ngokuzumayo azungeze ophikisana naye futhi achoboze lowo ancintisana naye ngokuhayiza. Lapho-ke owesilisa onamandla kakhulu uyekelela ukubamba, izinyoka ziyasakazeka ukuze zandise umncintiswano futhi.
Ukungqubuzana okukodwa kuthatha cishe umzuzu owodwa, futhi wonke umqhudelwano uhlala kuze kube yilapho abesilisa sebebuthaka ngokuphelele. Kwesinye isikhathi impi iba nobudlova, futhi izilwane ezihuquzelayo zihlanganiswe ngokuqinile kangangokuba "ibhola" elimnyama lingasuswa phansi. Umzabalazo onjalo we-intraspecific welungelo lokuba nensimu ethile futhi kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Kepha nezinciphiso ezinodlame kakhulu azisebenzi ngaphandle kwamazinyo anobuthi.
Inyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu - isilwane esihuquzelayo esinoshevu
Inyoka emnyama enamasongo abomvu inoshevu onoshevu, oyisebenzisela ukukhubaza isisulu sayo nokuyivikela. Isirhubuluzi siyakwazi ukulala phansi emfuleni siphumule. Kulokhu, kubeka ingozi ekugezeni abantu abanganyathela inyoka ngokunganaki. Yize ehlasela kuphela uma bezama ukumbamba noma ukumphazamisa.
Ukufa komzimba ngokulunywa yinyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu akwenzeki njalo, kodwa kuvela izimpawu zobuthi obuyingozi. Ubuthi, obukhishwa ngobuningi ngesikhathi sokuzingela futhi bunomthelela oqinile kulowo ohlukunyezwayo, ukhiqizwa ngamanani amancane ngesikhathi sokuvikelwa. Ukwakheka kwento enobuthi ekhishwa yinyoka emnyama enamabala abomvu kuqukethe ama-neurotoxin, ama-myotoxin, ama-coagulants futhi anomphumela we-hemolytic. Ukuluma kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo akuyona ingozi kakhulu, kodwa izisulu nazo zidinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha. Umthamo omncane usetshenziswa njengekhambi, ngoba ushibhile, kepha inani elincane lomuthi nalo lizobangela ukusabela esigulini futhi linikeze imiphumela emihle.
Ukudla okwenziwe ngamanyoka abomvu abomvu
Idla izibankwa, izinyoka kanye namaxoxo. Izinyoka ezincane ezimnyama zithanda izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinambuzane.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwenyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu
Inyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu ingeyesilwane esihuquzelayo i-ovoviviparous. Ukusuka kumawundlu ayisishiyagalombili kuye kwangama-40 akhula emzimbeni wowesifazane. Inkonyane ngalinye lizalwa lizungezwe yisaka elinewebhu. Ubude benyoka bufinyelela ku-12.2 cm.Inzalo ibulawa yizilwane ezidliwayo kanye nezimo ezingezinhle zemvelo, ngakho-ke, ngabantu abambalwa kuphela abavela emndenini abanikeza inzalo.
Ukugcina inyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu ekuthunjweni
Abathandi bezilwane ezihuquzelayo, lapho bezala inyoka emnyama enebhande elibomvu, yiphathe ngokuqapha okukhulu, wazi ngezimpawu zayo ezinobuthi. Okuqukethwe okukhethiwe kwe-terrarium kuvaliwe, umbuso wokushisa ugcinwa kuwo - 22 kuya ku-28 degrees. Okokukhosela, izindlu zamapulangwe, ama-grottoes amatshe afakiwe, okungcono endaweni enesithunzi. Ama-chips okhuni amnyama athululelwa njengodoti. E-terrarium, umoya awomi futhi izifutho ezimanzi zenziwa kathathu ngesonto.
Inyoka emnyama enamabhande abomvu yondliwa ngamagundane amancane, amagundane, amaxoxo. Kungakuhle ukuthatha ukudla okuqinisekisiwe, ngoba umzimba wesirhubuluzi uphendula izinto ezinobuthi ezingaba semzimbeni weselesele elihlala echibini elingcolile.
