IGalapagos Buzzard (Buteo galapagoensis) ingeyomndeni wakwa-Accipitridés, i-oda le-Falconiformes.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zeGalapagos Buzzard
Usayizi: 56 cm
I-Wingspan: 116 kuya ku-140 cm.
IGalapagos Buzzard iyinyoni enkulu, enesingci esimnyama esidla inyama evela kuhlobo lweButeo. Inamaphiko amakhulu ngokwanele: kusuka ku-116 kuye ku-140 cm nosayizi womzimba ongu-56 cm. Izimpaphe zekhanda zimnyama kancane kunezinye izimpaphe. Umsila ubumpunga-bumnyama, bumpunga obunsundu ezansi. Emaceleni nasesiswini esinamabala abomvu. Izimpaphe zomsila kanye nempahla enemigqa ebalulekile emhlophe. Ukumakwa okumhlophe kuvamise ukubonakala yonke indawo ngemuva. Umsila uvulekile. Izidladla zinamandla. Umbala wezimpaphe zowesilisa nowesifazane uyefana, kodwa ubukhulu bomzimba buhlukile, insikazi ngokwesilinganiso ikhudlwana ngo-19%.
AmaBuzzards amaGalapagos amancane anezimpaphe ezimnyama nsundu. Amashiya nemivimbo emathangeni amnyama. Ukubiyela ezihlathini kuphaphathekile. Umsila ukhilimu, umzimba umnyama. Ngaphandle kwesifuba, esimhlophe ngethoni. Zonke ezinye izingxenye ezingezansi zimnyama ngamabala akhanyayo nezinkomba. Ukuvela kweGalapagos Buzzard akukwazi ukudidaniswa nenye inyoni edla inyama. Kwesinye isikhathi i-osprey ne-peregrine falcon indizela eziqhingini, kepha lezi zinhlobo ziyabonakala kakhulu futhi zehlukile kunyoni.
Ukusatshalaliswa kweGalapagos Buzzard
IGalapagos Buzzard igcwele iziqhingi zaseGalapagos, ezisenkabeni ye-Pacific Ocean. Kuze kube muva nje, lolu hlobo lwalukhona kuzo zonke iziqhingi ngaphandle kwezifunda ezisenyakatho zeCulpepper, Wenman naseGenovesa. Inani lezinyoni liphansi kakhulu esiqhingini esikhulu esisenkabeni yeSanta Cruz. IGalapagos Buzzard manje isiphelile ngokuphelele eziqhingini ezinhlanu eziseduze (iSeymour, iBaltra, iDaphne, Chatham neCharles). Abantu abangama-85% bagxile eziqhingini ezi-5: iSantiago, i-Isabella, iSanta Fe, i-Espanola neFernandina.
Izindawo zokuhlala zaseGalapagos Buzzard
IGalapagos Buzzard isatshalaliswa kuzo zonke izindawo zokuhlala. Itholakala ngasogwini lolwandle, phakathi kwezindawo ezingenalutho lwentaba-mlilo, ihamba phezu kwezintaba. Izindawo zokuhlala ezivulekile, ezinamadwala zigcwele izihlahla. Kuhlala emahlathini lamanyenti.
Izici zokuziphatha kweGalapagos Buzzard
AmaGalapagos Buzzards ahlala yedwa noma ngababili.
Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi amaqembu amakhulu ezinyoni ayahlangana, adonswa yizidumbu. Kwesinye isikhathi kuhlangana amaqembu angavamile ezinyoni ezincane nezinsikazi ezingazalanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kaningi, kuma-buzzard aseGalapagos, abesilisa abaningana aba-2 noma abathathu bahlangana nowesifazane oyedwa. Laba besilisa bakha izinhlangano ezivikela indawo, izidleke nokunakekela amaphuphu. Zonke izindiza zokumatanisa zingukujika okuyindilinga esibhakabhakeni, okuhambisana nokumemeza. Imvamisa eyeduna itshuza isuka endaweni ephakeme kakhulu imilenze ibheke phansi isondela kwenye inyoni. Lolu hlobo lwenyoni edla inyama luswele "ukudansa esibhakabhakeni" okunjengamagagasi.
Ama-buzzards aseGalapagos azingela ngezindlela ezahlukene:
- bamba inyamazane emoyeni;
- bheka phezulu;
- wabanjwa ebusweni bomhlaba.
Lapho indiza kakhulu, izidalwa ezinamaphiko zithola inyamazane bese ziyitshuza.
Ukuzalanisa iGalapagos Buzzard
IGalapagos Buzzards izala unyaka wonke, kepha ngokungangabazeki inkathi ephakeme iba ngoMeyi futhi ihlala kuze kube ngu-Agasti. Lezi zinyoni ezidla inyama zakha isidleke esibanzi esivela emagatsheni asetshenziswa kabusha iminyaka eminingana ilandelana. Osayizi be-Nest bangamamitha ayi-1 no-1.50 ububanzi futhi aze afike kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama. Ingaphakathi lesitsha ligcwele amaqabunga namagatsha aluhlaza, utshani nezicucu zamagxolo. Isidleke sivame ukutholakala esihlahleni esiphansi esikhula onqenqemeni lwelava, umsele wedwala, ukuqhuma kwamadwala, noma ngisho nasemhlabathini phakathi kotshani obude. Kunamaqanda ama-2 noma ama-3 ku-bamba, lapho izinyoni ziwafukamela izinsuku ezingama-37 noma ezingama-38. AmaBuzzards amaGalapagos amancane aqala ukundiza ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-50 noma ezingama-60.
Lezi zikhathi ezimbili zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunokukhula okufanayo kwamachwane ezinhlotsheni ezihlobene ezihlala ezwenikazi.
Njengomthetho, yinye kuphela iphuphu elisinda esidlekeni. Amathuba okusinda kwenzalo akhuliswa ukunakekelwa kweqembu kwama-buzzard amadala, asiza izinyoni ezimbalwa ukondla ama-buzzards wezingane. Ngemuva kokuhamba, bahlala nabazali babo ezinye izinyanga ezi-3 noma ezine. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ama-buzzard amancane ayakwazi ukuzingela ngokwawo.
Ukondla i-Galapagos Buzzard
Isikhathi eside, ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ama-buzzard aseGalapagos awanabungozi kuma-fringillidae nezinyoni. Kwakukholelwa ukuthi lezi zinyoni ezidla inyama zizingela kuphela izibankwa ezincane nezingenamgogodla ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ama-buzzard aseGalapagos anezinzipho ezinamandla ikakhulukazi, ngakho-ke akumangazi lapho ucwaningo lwakamuva lubike ukuthi izinyoni ezisogwini nezasemaphandleni ezifana namajuba, ama-mockingbirds kanye nama-fringilles yizisulu. AmaBuzzard aseGalapagos nawo abamba amatshwele futhi acuphe amaqanda ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni. Bazingela amagundane, izibankwa, ama-iguana amancane, izimfudu. Ngezikhathi ezithile bahlasela izingane. Sebenzisa izidumbu zezimpawu noma ama-capridés. Kwesinye isikhathi kuqoqwa inhlanzi nemfucuza yasendlini.
Isimo sokongiwa kweGalapagos Buzzard
Ngemuva kokubalwa kwabantu muva nje, izinyoni zaseGalapagos Buzzard zinezinyoni ezingama-35 esiQhingini i-Isabella, eziyi-17 eSanta Fe, eziyi-10 e-Espanola, eziyishumi eFernandina Island, eziyisi-6 ePinta, ezinhlanu eMarchena nasePinzon kanti ezimbili kuphela eSanta Cruz. Abantu abangaba ngu-250 bahlala kulezi ziqhingi. Uma sibheka abesilisa abasebasha abangakashadi, kuvela ukuthi bangabantu abangaba ngu-400 - 500.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, kube nokwehla okuncane kwesibalo sabantu esihlotshaniswa nokuphishekelwa kwezinyoni yizazi zemvelo eziyizimfundamakhwela, kanye namakati azala futhi agijime endle eziqhingini. Manje ukwehla kwesibalo sama-buzzard angavamile kumile, futhi nenombolo yabantu isizinzile, kepha ukulandela izinyoni kuyaqhubeka kuya eSanta Cruz nase-Isabela. Ensimini enkulu yesiQhingi sase-Isabela, inani lezinyoni ezingavamile zezilwane lincane ngenxa yokuncintisana kokudla namakati emvelo nezinye izidalwa.
IGalapagos Buzzard ihlukaniswa njengeSengozini ngenxa yendawo yayo elinganiselwe yokusatshalaliswa (engaphansi kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-8).
