ICorridoras panda (lat. Corydoras panda) noma njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi i-catfish panda, isakhamuzi saseNingizimu Melika. Ihlala ePeru nase-Ecuador, ikakhulukazi emifuleni iRio Aqua, iRio Amaryl, nasenkombeni efanele ye-Amazon - iRio Ucayali.
Lapho lolu hlobo luqala ukuvela ezindaweni zokuzilibazisa, ngokushesha lathandwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kwemizamo yokuzalanisa ngempumelelo.
Izindawo zokuhlala ze-catfish zaziwa ngamanzi athambile futhi ane-asidi, ngokuhamba kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi akuyo ayabanda kancane kuneminye imifula esifundeni.
Lezi zinhlobo zachazwa okokuqala nguRandolph H. Richards ngo-1968. Ngo-1971 yaqanjwa ngegama le-panda enkulu, enomzimba okhanyayo nemijikelezo emnyama ezungeze amehlo, futhi ikati elifana nombala wayo.
Ukuphila emvelweni
I-Corydoras panda ingeyehlobo lweCorydoras, umndeni we-catfish ephethe izikhali uCallichthyidae. Abomdabu baseNingizimu Melika. Ihlala ePeru nase-Ecuador, ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseGuanaco, lapho ihlala khona emifuleni iRio Aqua ne-Ucayali.
Bahlala emifuleni enemisinga esheshayo, amazinga aphezulu e-oksijini emanzini nasezihlokweni zesihlabathi noma zamatshe. Njengomthetho, izitshalo ezahlukahlukene zasemanzini zikhula kakhulu ezindaweni ezinjalo.
Ukusondela kwezindawo zezinhlanzi ezintabeni zase-Andes kanye nokondliwa kwale mifula ngamanzi ancibilikayo kusuka eqhweni lase-Andes ezindaweni eziphakeme kuholele ekutheni izinhlanzi zijwayele amazinga okushisa abandayo kunokujwayelekile kwezinhlanzi "ezishisayo" - ibanga lokushisa lingu-16 ° C kuye ku-28 ° C.
Yize izinhlanzi zikhombisa ukukhetha okuphawulwe ngengxenye ebandayo yalesi silinganiso sokushisa, ikakhulukazi lapho kuthunjwa. Ngempela, ingamelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku-12 ° C isikhathi esilinganiselwe, yize ukukhuliswa ekuthunjweni emazingeni okushisa aphansi kangako akunconyiwe.
Amanzi emvelweni ampofu kumaminerali, athambile, ane-pH engathathi hlangothi noma ene-asidi encane. E-aquarium, zivumelana kahle nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokugcina, kepha ukuzalanisa kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhiqiza kabusha izimo zemvelo.
Ichazwe okokuqala nguRandolph H. Richard ngo-1968, kwathi ngo-1971 yathola igama lesiLatini elithi Corydoras panda (Nijssen nelithi Isbrücker). Ibizwa ngegama lezindawo ezimnyama eziseduze kwamehlo, okusikhumbuza umbala wepanda elikhulu.
Ukuxakaniseka kokuqukethwe
Inhlanzi ayifuni kakhulu, kepha kudinga ulwazi oluthile ukuyigcina. Ama-aquarists ama-Novice kufanele azame isandla sawo kwezinye izinhlobo zamaphaseji, njengephaseji elinamachashazi.
Noma kunjalo, i-catfish idinga ukondliwa okuphezulu nekhwalithi ephezulu, amanzi ahlanzekile kanye nezihlobo eziningi eziseduze.
Incazelo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-catfish yathola igama layo ngokufana kombala nepanda elikhulu.
Iphaseji inomzimba okhanyayo noma opinki kancane onamabala amathathu amnyama. Enye iqala ekhanda futhi izungeze amehlo, yilokhu kufana okunikeze i-catfish igama layo.
Owesibili usemhlane we-dorsal fin, kanti owesithathu utholakala eduze ne-caudal.Njengabanye abameleli bohlobo lwe-corridor, i-catfish inamabhangqa amathathu ezintshe
Onke amalungu omndeni wakwaCallichthyidae abonakala ngokuba khona kwamapuleti amathambo emzimbeni, esikhundleni sezikali. Lezi zingcwecwe zisebenza njengezikhali zezinhlanzi, akumangalisi ukuthi bonke abamele UCallichthyidae okuthiwa i-armored catfish. Endabeni yale phaseji, amapuleti abonakala ngokusobala ngenxa yombala othile wenhlanzi.
Abantu abadala bafinyelela usayizi ka-5.5 cm, okuyisayizi yabesifazane, abakhulu kunabesilisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abesifazane bazungezwe ngokwengeziwe.
Kunohlobo lweveli lale catfish, ehluke kuphela kubude bamaphiko. Ekunakekelweni, ekunakekelweni nasekuzalaneni, ziyefana.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Njengamanye amaphaseji, ipanda lidinga amanzi ahlanzekile anamapharamitha azinzile. Ngokwemvelo, la mapaseji ahlala emanzini acwebe kahle, ikakhulukazi uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, njengephaseji legolide.
Izinguquko ezijwayelekile zamanzi nokuhlunga kubalulekile. Amapharamitha wamanzi - awathathi hlangothi noma ane-asidi encane.
Izinga lokugcina lokugcina le-catfish liphansi kunezinye izinhlanzi zase-aquarium - cishe ama-22 ° C. Ngenxa yalokhu, udinga ukukhetha izinhlanzi ezihambisana nokushisa. Kufanele bazizwe kahle emazingeni okushisa aphakathi kuka-20 ° C no-25 ° C.
Kodwa-ke, cishe zonke izinhlanzi ongazithenga sezivele zivumelaniswe nezimo zendawo futhi zikhula kahle emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Umhlabatsi udzinga luhlata lolutfobile nalolumaphakathi, lwesihlabatsi nobe lolulungile. Kuyadingeka ukuqapha ubumsulwa benhlabathi, ukuvimbela i-acidification nokwanda ezingeni lama-nitrate emanzini. ICatfish, njengabahlali besendlalelo esingezansi, ingabokuqala ukushaya.
Izitshalo eziphilayo zibalulekile, kepha azibalulekanga njengezinkuni, imigede nezinye izindawo lapho i-catfish ingaphephela khona.
Ithanda izindawo ezinomthunzi, izitshalo ezinkulu kangaka noma izinhlobo ezintantayo ezakha umthunzi obuningi zibalulekile.
Isikhathi sokuphila asichazwanga ngokunembile. Kepha ngokususelwa esikhathini sokuphila samanye ama-corridor, kungacatshangwa ukuthi ngokulungiswa okuhle bangaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10.
Ukuhambisana
I-Somik panda iyinhlanzi enokuthula nenempilo.
Njengamaphaseji amaningi, ipanda liyinhlanzi efunda isikole. Kepha, uma imigudu emikhulu ikwazi ukuhlala ngamaqembu amancane, khona-ke inani labantu abasemhlambini libalulekile kulolu hlobo.
Kungcono kubantu abayi-15-20, kepha okungenani u-6-8 uma isikhala sinqunyelwe.
I-catfish ifunda isikole, ihambahamba nge-aquarium njengeqembu. Yize zizwana nazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlanzi, akukhuthazwa ukuzigcina nezinhlobo ezinkulu ezingazingela le nhlanzi encane.
Futhi, ama-Sumatran barbs azoba omakhelwane ababi, ngoba angasebenza kakhulu futhi asabise i-catfish.
Ama-tetra, i-zebrafish, i-rasbora, nezinye i-haracin zilungile. Futhi bazwana kahle nezinye izinhlobo zamaphaseji. Bazizwa kamnandi ngokuhlangana kwamahlaya, bangabathatha babe ngababo futhi bagcine umhlambi nabo.
Ukondla
Inhlanzi engezansi, i-catfish inakho konke okuwela phansi, kepha ikhetha ukudla okuphilayo noma okubandayo. Umbono oyiphutha wendabuko ukuthi lezi zinhlanzi zingama-scavenger futhi zidla izinsalela zezinye izinhlanzi. Lokhu akunjalo; ngaphezu kwalokho, i-catfish idinga okuphakelayo okuphelele nekhwalithi ephezulu.
Kepha, uma ugcina inani elikhulu lezinhlanzi, qiniseka ukuthi ukudla okwanele kuwela phansi. Okuphakelayo okuhle kakhulu - amaphilisi akhethekile e-catfish.
AmaPandan awadla ngenjabulo, futhi athole ukudla okuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kuzoba wusizo ukwengeza ukudla okuphilayo, okungcono okubandayo.
Bathanda ama-bloodworms, brine shrimp kanye ne-daphnia. Khumbula ukuthi i-catfish iyasebenza ebusuku, ngakho-ke kungcono ukondla ebumnyameni noma kusihlwa.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Insikazi inkulu futhi iyindilinga ngaphezulu esiswini. Uma ibukwa ngaphezulu, ibuye ibanzi.
Ngokulandelayo, abesilisa bancane futhi bafushane kunabesifazane.
Ukuzala
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwepanda catfish kunzima impela, kepha kungenzeka. Inhlanyelo kufanele itshalwe nge-moss yaseJavane noma ezinye izinhlobo ezinamaqabunga amancane, lapho bobabili bebeka khona amaqanda.
Abakhiqizi badinga ukondliwa ngokudla okuphilayo, imisundu yegazi, i-daphnia noma i-brine shrimp.
I-trigger yokuzalela ukuqala kokufakwa esikhundleni samanzi okubandayo, ngoba ukuzala kwemvelo kuqala ngenkathi yemvula.
