I-algae ikhula emanzini, emanzini anosawoti nasemanzini amasha, okusho ukuthi i-aquarium iyaphila. Abangane abangabaqalayo bakholelwa ukuthi ulwelwe yizitshalo ezihlala emanzini.
Kodwa-ke, yizitshalo zasemanzini ezihlala ku-algae, lezi yizivakashi ezingafuneki nezingathandwa, ngoba zonakalisa ukubonakala kwe-aquarium kuphela. Ake sithi ukukhula kwe-algae kwe-aquarist kumane kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle e-aquarium.
Wonke ama-aquariums aqukethe ulwelwe, esihlabathini nakumatshe, amatshe nezitshalo, izindonga nemishini. Ziyimvelo impela futhi ziyingxenye yebhalansi ejwayelekile, uma zingakhuli ngokushesha.
Konke okudingekayo ku-aquarium elinganisiwe kungamanzi acacile, ahlanganiswe kahle nezibuko ezihlanzekile. Ngikweluleka ngisho nokuthi ungazihlanzi zonke izindonga ze-aquarium, ngishiye ingemuva limbozwe ukungcola.
Ngibonile ukuthi uma ulwelwe lushiywe ukuba lukhule odongeni lwasemuva noma emadwaleni, lumunca ama-nitrate neminye imikhiqizo engcolile, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise amathuba okuba ulwelwe lukhule ezindongeni zangaphambili neziseceleni ze-aquarium.
Futhi engilazini ekhule kakhulu, ezinye izinhlanzi zizondla nge-algae kanye nama-microorganisms, njengazo zonke izinhlobo ze-chain mail catfish.
Ungasusa kanjani ulwelwe ku-aquarium yakho?
Isibonelo, ulwelwe lohlobo lwe-Aufwuchs (oluvela eJalimane lokukhula kokuthile) lukhula ezingxenyeni ezilukhuni ezinjengamadwala, emanzini amasha nasasawoti. I-algae, ikakhulukazi imifino kanye ne-diatoms, yindawo yokuhlala eyinhloko yama-crustaceans amancane, ama-rotifers kanye ne-protozoa.
Izakhamizi eziningi ze-aquarium zondla ngokuqinile ezindaweni ezigcwele ulwelwe. AmaCichlids aseLake Malawi aziwa kabanzi njengezinhlanzi ezijwayelene nokudla kwe-algae.
Izibonelo zohlobo, i-Labeotropheus trewavasae ne-Pseudotropheus zebra, ziyisici esihle kakhulu. Zinamazinyo aqinile avumela ulwelwe ukuthi lususwe emadwaleni. AmaMollies abheka ukususwa kwe-algae futhi awasuse. Emvelweni yasolwandle, ulwelwe luyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwama-urchins olwandle, izibungu zasolwandle nama-chiton.
Ngivuselele ukukhula kwe-algae ku-cichlid yami ukudala indawo yemvelo, futhi ngathola inani elifanele lama-filamentous nama-diatom. Ngakho-ke, kuya ngohlobo lwezinhlanzi kanye ne-biotope evela endaweni yokuhlala, ulwelwe olukhulayo lungahle lufiseleke.
Ulwelwe luyingxenye ebalulekile yokudla kwezinhlobo ezinjengezinhlwathi, ama-cichlids ase-Afrika, izinhlanzi ezithile zase-Australia, kanye ne-catfish efana ne-ancistrus noma i-ototsinklus. Izinguquko zamanzi njalo zinciphisa inani le-nitrate emanzini futhi zinciphise ukukhula kwe-algae.
E-aquarium elinganiselwe kahle, egcwele izitshalo kakhulu, ibhalansi yamaminerali isesilinganisweni, insalela idliwa yizitshalo no-algae. Futhi njengoba izitshalo eziphakeme zihlala zisebenzisa izakhi zomzimba eziningi kune-algae, ukukhula kwazo kunqunyelwe.
Ulwelwe oluhlaza ku-aquarium noma i-xenococus
Kutholakala kuma-aquariums amaningi njengamachashazi aluhlaza noma amashidi aluhlaza. Lezi zilwelwe zithanda ukukhanya okuningi. I-algae eluhlaza ikhula kuphela uma inani lokukhanya ne-nitrate lidlula izinga izitshalo eziphakeme ezingamunca ngalo.
Kuma-aquariums atshalwe ngokulingene, ulwelwe oluhlaza lukhula kabi kakhulu, njengoba izitshalo eziphakeme zisebenzisa izakhamzimba futhi zimunca ukukhanya okudingekayo ukuze kukhule ngamandla ulwelwe oluhlaza.
Ngaphandle kokugxeka ukusetshenziswa kwezitshalo zepulasitiki ku-aquarium, ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi izitshalo eziphilayo zibukeka zizinhle kakhulu futhi zakha izimo zokuthuthuka okujwayelekile kwayo yonke i-biosystem.
Kodwa-ke, zingakhula kakhulu kuma-aquariums anezinhlelo ze-CO2, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamazinga e-carbon dioxide usuku lonke. Ukuqhamuka kokukhula kwe-algae eluhlaza kungenzeka ngokuzumayo, ikakhulukazi lapho izinga le-phosphate ne-nitrate emanzini liphezulu.
Imvamisa zivela njengamachashazi aluhlaza amboza ingilazi nengaphezulu le-aquarium. Amakhambi anconyelwe ukwehlisa isibani sobude nobude bamahora emini, nokuhlanza ngemishini - ngamabhulashi akhethekile noma i-blade.
AmaMollies ne-catfish, njenge-ancistrus, adla ulwelwe oluhlaza kahle kakhulu, futhi ngigcina amaningana ngokukhethekile ngale njongo. Umnenke iNeretina ubhekana kahle ne-xenocokus namanye ama-algae.
Intshebe emnyama
Ukubonakala kwentshebe emnyama e-aquarium kuwuphawu lokuthi inani lemfucumfucu lenyuke kakhulu, ngoba izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo zisebenza njengokudla kwazo. Yila ma-algae avame ukukhula ezindongeni ze-aquarium nasezitshalweni ezise-aquarium, ngohlobo lukakhaphethi omnyama ojiyile futhi onengekayo. Ungabhekana kanjani nentshebe emnyama?
Indlela esemqoka yomzabalazo ukwehlisa izinga lezinto eziphilayo. Ukuhlanzwa kwenhlabathi, ushintsho lwamanzi nokuhlunga kwehlisa ijubane futhi kunciphise ukukhula kwentshebe emnyama. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukususa izinsalela zemvelo emhlabathini - uphonse kancane umhlaba.
Futhi, intshebe emnyama ithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinokugeleza okuhle, lawa amashubhu wokuhlunga, izindawo zokuhlunga, njll. Okwamanje kunika intshebe ukudla okunomsoco, izinto eziphilayo zihlala ebusweni bayo.
Kunconywa ukunciphisa imisinga enamandla e-aquarium. Ukwehlisa inani lezakhamzimba emanzini, ngaphezu kokuvuna, ungaba nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha - i-elodea, nayas.
Ungabhekana kanjani nentshebe emnyama e-aquarium? Muva nje, ikhambi elisha lokulwa nentshebe nelaseVietnam selivele - uCidex. Yayisetshenziswa ekuqaleni (futhi iyasetshenziswa) emithini yokwelapha ukubulala amagciwane.
Ngubani oweza nomqondo wokusebenzisa i-sidex ekulweni nentshebe emnyama, ngokusobala, uzohlala engaziwa. Kepha iqiniso ukuthi i-sidex iyasebenza, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokumelene nazo zombili izintshebe ezimnyama nama-flip flops.
I-Sidex ithululelwa kanye ngosuku, ekuseni. Umthamo wokuqala ungamamililitha ayi-10-15 ngamalitha amanzi ayi-100. Kancane kancane, ungakhuphukela kumamililitha angama-25-30 (qaphela, ngo-30 ml uPlatidoras ushonile!).
Owesifazane waseVietnam uqala ukushona ngamamililitha ayi-15-20. Babhala ukuthi akubulali ngokuphelele owesifazane waseVietnam, kepha akunjalo. Udinga nje ukufaka i-sidex kwamanye amasonto amabili ngemuva kokuthi i-flip-flop inyamalale ngokuphelele.
Kukhona okuhlangenwe nakho kokuhlanzwa okuphelele kwama-aquariums kuwo. Ngemithamo emincane (kufika ku-20 ml), akukho mthelela omubi ezinhlanzini owaqashelwa, kepha ezinye izitshalo - uphondo, i-vallisneria, i-cryptocorynes, i-sidex ayithandi futhi ingafa.
Kunoma ikuphi, lokhu kushiwo ngomuthi kungenxa yolwazi kuphela, qiniseka ukuthi ufunda izinkundla zephrofayili ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa. Lo muthi awuphephile!
I-algae ensundu e-aquarium
I-algae ensundu ikhula ngokushesha uma kunokukhanya okuncane kakhulu e-aquarium. Kubukeka njengamachashazi ansundu amboza konke okuku-aquarium. Imvamisa, izitshalo ezithanda ukukhanya zisesimweni esingesihle noma ziyanyamalala.
Izitshalo ezibekezelela ukufiphazwa kahle, njenge-Javanese moss, ama-anubias amancane nezinye izinhlobo zama-anubias, zingambozwa ngefilimu ensundu, futhi amaqabunga aqinile ama-anubias angagcotshwa ukuze kususwe i-kelp.
Futhi, ama-aquarium cleaners, ancistrus, noma i-otocinklus ayasiza. Kepha isisombululo esilula ukukhulisa umfutho nobude bamahora emini. Imvamisa, ulwelwe onsundu luzonyamalala ngokushesha, lapho nje ukukhanyisa sekufanele.
Ulwelwe olunsundu luvame ukwakheka kuma-aquariums amancane anebhalansi engazinzile (engaphansi kwezinyanga ezi- ~ 3), enesibani esingalungile namahora amade kakhulu emini.
Ukwanda okukhulu kakhulu kwamahora emini kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi kakhulu.
Flip flop ku-aquarium
Isivakashi esivame ukufika kuma-aquariums amasha anemijikelezo ye-nitrogen engazinzile. Ngokwemvelo, iseduze nentshebe emnyama ngakho-ke izindlela zokubhekana nayo ziyefana. Ukunciphisa amazinga e-nitrate ngokuhlanza inhlabathi, esikhundleni samanzi nokuhlunga ngesihlungi esinamandla.
- Okokuqala, owesifazane waseVietnam unenkinga ephindwe kaningi kunentshebe. Ngisho nenyanga ebumnyameni obuphelele ayimbulali. Inzima, inamandla futhi inamathele ngokuqinile kunoma iyiphi indawo.
- Okwesibili, akekho oyidlayo, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo eziyi-1-2 zeminenke.
- Okwesithathu, isizathu sokubonakala. I-flip-flop ivame ukulethwa kusuka kwamanye ama-aquariums.
Izidakamizwa
Noma ama-diatoms (lat. Diatomeae) ayiqembu elikhulu lama-algae angama-unicellular. Kakhulu i-unicellular, yize kukhona namafomu ngesimo samakholoni. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-diatoms ukuthi inegobolondo elenziwe nge-silicon dioxide.
Lezi zinhlobo zihluke kakhulu, ezinye zinhle impela, kepha ikakhulu zibukeka njengezinhlangothi ezimbili ezingenakulinganiswa ngokuhlukana okucacile phakathi kwazo.
Izinsalela ezifinyiwe zibonisa ukuthi ama-diatom avele esikhathini sokuqala kweJurassic. Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-10 000 manje sezitholakele.
E-aquarium, zibukeka njengolwelwe olunsundu, olumboza zonke izinto zangaphakathi ngefilimu eqhubekayo. Imvamisa kuvela ku-aquarium entsha noma lapho kunokuntuleka kokukhanya.
Ungazisusa kanye nezinsundu, wandise inani nobude bamahora emini. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukusebenzisa isihlungi sangaphakathi nesihlungi sekhabhoni ukususa ama-silicates emanzini.
Ulwelwe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-aquarium
Ubulembu obuluhlaza okotshani kungamakholoni amabhaktheriya, futhi le yindlela abahluke ngayo kwezinye izinhlobo ze-algae. Zibukeka njengefilimu eluhlaza, eshelelayo emboza inhlabathi nezitshalo ku-aquarium. Akuvamile ukuthi zivele e-aquarium, futhi, njengomthetho, kulabo abanganakekelwa kahle.
Njengawo wonke amabhaktheriya, akhipha izinto ezinomthelela omubi ezitshalweni nasezinhlanzi ezise-aquarium, ngakho-ke kufanele zilawulwe ngokucophelela. Ungabhekana kanjani ne-algae eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ku-aquarium?
Njengomthetho, i-bicillin elwa namagciwane iyasetshenziswa empini, noma ezinye izinhlobo zama-antibiotic, kepha udinga ukusebenza ngokucophelela ngayo, ungathinta okungenakuguqulwa bonke abakhileyo e-aquarium. Kungcono ukuzama ukulinganisa ithangi ngokwenza ushintsho olukhulu lwamanzi nokuhlanza.
Amanzi aluhlaza ku-aquarium noma amanzi aqhakazayo
Amanzi aluhlaza e-aquarium atholakala ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kabusha okusheshayo kwe-alga eneseli elilodwa - i-euglena eluhlaza. Izibonakalisa njengamanzi aguqubele kumbala oluhlaza ngokuphelele. Amanzi alahlekelwa ukubonakala kwawo, ibhalansi e-aquarium iyaphazamiseka, izinhlanzi ziyahlupheka.
Njengomthetho, ukuqhuma kwamanzi kwenzeka entwasahlobo, ngokwanda kwenani lokukhanya, nokuqhakaza kwamanzi kumadamu emvelo lapho sithola khona amanzi. Ukulwa nokuqhakaza kwamanzi, udinga ukwehlisa inani lokukhanyisa ku-aquarium kube ubuncane, kungcono ukungakhanyisi nakancane isikhashana.
Indlela ephumelela kunazo zonke isibani se-UV esifakwe kusihlungi sangaphandle.
Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokulwa nokuqhakaza kwamanzi ukwenza ushintsho futhi umise ngokuphelele i-aquarium izinsuku eziyi-3-4 (ngokwesibonelo, yimboze ngengubo). Izitshalo zizosinda kulokhu. Izinhlanzi nazo. Kodwa amanzi ngokuvamile ayayeka ukuqhakaza. Ngemuva kwalokho, yenza okunye.
Intambo
I-filament e-aquarium iqukethe izinhlobo eziningana - i-edogonium, i-spirogyra, i-cladofora, i-rhizoclonium. Zonke zihlanganiswe ukubukeka kwazo - kufana nentambo encane, amabhola aluhlaza. I-algae eluhlaza eluhlaza. Ungabhekana kanjani ne-floss ku-aquarium?
Indlela ephumelelayo yokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwama-algicides - ama-ejenti asiza ukulwa ne-algae e-aquarium, angathengwa ezitolo zezilwane. Indlela elula futhi engabizi kakhulu ukususwa ngesandla.
Njengomthetho, imicu intekenteke impela futhi ikhishwa kalula ebusweni. Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezihlanjululwa ziyakujabulela ukudla imfanzi, ngokwesibonelo, umhlambi wezimfanzi ze-Amano ungahlanza kalula ngisho ne-aquarium enkulu yentambo.
Ukubukeka nokukhula kwayo kuncike kokuqukethwe kwezakhi zamanzi. Lokhu kuvame ukuthi kungenxa yokuthi kutholakale umanyolo omningi kakhulu e-aquarium, noma kune-substrate ku-aquarium, ikhipha izakhamzimba futhi akekho umuntu ongamunca. Ezimweni ezinjalo, usizo nezitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha (i-nayas ne-elodea, i-hornwort) ziyasiza
Kungani ulwelwe lukhula e-aquarium
- I-aquarium enenani elikhulu lezitshalo ze-aquarium, i-algae isazoba kuyo, kepha ngeke ikhule ngokushesha.
- I-aeration enhle yamanzi - okuqukethwe oksijini okwandisiwe kuvimbela ukukhula kwe-algae.
- Ukuhlunga nokunyakaza kwamanzi ukususa izinsalela ze-organic kanye nama-nitrate
- Ukukhanyisa okugcwele - hhayi ngaphezulu kwamahora ayi-12 ngosuku, nangamandla anele.
- Inani elilinganisiwe lezinhlanzi e-aquarium, ngenani elikhulu, zakha ama-nitrate, angenakuncanywa izitshalo.
- Izinhlanzi ezondla ngo-algae - ama-mollies, ama-ancistrus, i-loricaria, i-SAE (abadlayo be-algae e-Siamese), i-ototsinklyus, i-girinoheilus.
- Ukudla okulingene, ukubola kwemfucumfucu yokudla kungumhlinzeki omkhulu wama-nitrate.
- Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwe-aquarium nokushintshwa kwamanye amanzi.
Ulwelwe ku-aquarium entsha
Kuma-aquariums asanda kudebeselelwa, umjikelezo we-nitrogen awukasungulwa, futhi maningi amathuba okuthi kube nokuqubuka kwe-algal.
Iqiniso lokuthi ulwelwe luzovela ku-aquarium entsha kuyinto ejwayelekile. Emasontweni okuqala angama-2-10 ngemuva kokuqala i-aquarium entsha, ungabona ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-algae ensundu. Lokhu kwenzeka uma izinga le-nitrate emanzini lidlula ama-50 mg ngelitha. Ukuhlunga nokuguqulwa kwamanzi okuyingxenye kuxazulula le nkinga.
Lapho nje izitshalo zimila futhi zikhula, zizothatha ukudla ku-algae futhi ukukhula kwamuva kuzokwehla noma kuyeke. Ku-aquarium esunguliwe, kuhlale kunomzabalazo wokulinganisela phakathi kwezitshalo no-algae.
Izinhlanzi ezisiza ukulwa ne-algae ku-aquarium:
- Ancistrus
- SAE
- Otozinklus
- UGerinoheilus
- Brocade pterygoplicht
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitshalo zeminenke iNeretina zingabahlanzi abahle kakhulu.
