Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi uMalusi waseJalimane uthathwa njengenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezisebenza kahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kokusebenza kwayo okungenakulinganiswa nezimpawu zokuphepha, ihlukaniswa nokusebenza kwayo okuhlukahlukene, okwenza ifanele noma yimuphi umsebenzi. Izinja ezingoMalusi waseJalimane, yize zibukeka zibucayi nedumela labo njengabaqaphi abesabekayo, abakhuliswe kahle, bakhula benobungane kubantu nakwezinye izilwane. Ngakho-ke, inja enjalo ingahle inconywe hhayi njengomqaphi kuphela, kepha futhi njengomngane noma umngane.
Incazelo emfushane yohlobo
| Okuqukethwe efulethini | |
| Kubanikazi bama-novice | |
| Ukufundeka | |
| Ukubekezelela isizungu | |
| Ukubekezelelana okubandayo | |
| Ukubekezelelana kokushisa | |
| Ukuqothula | |
| Ubudlelwano bomndeni | |
| Impilo Yonke Yokuzala | |
| Ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala | |
| Ukuthambekela kokukhonkotha noma ukuhewula | |
| Amandla | |
| Isidingo sokuzivocavoca umzimba |
Umlando woMalusi waseJalimane
Ekuthomeni komlando walolu hlobo, bekukholelwa ukuthi inja eyelusayo ibingakulungele ukuzalanisa ngobungcweti, ukuthi ukubonakala kwayo "kwasendle", "impisi" kubonakala kukhombisa ukuthi ayisoze yaphenduka inja yensizakalo elalelayo nethembekile. Kodwa-ke, ngokushesha okukhulu kwacaca ukuthi lezi zingxabano zazingenasisekelo nhlobo. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi eminyakeni embalwa ngemuva kokuqashelwa ngokusemthethweni kohlobo, abelusi baqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi embuthweni wamaphoyisa nasemaphoyiseni, kungukuphikwa okungcono kakhulu kwalezi zinganekwane.
Umlando walolu hlobo uqala cishe ngekhulu le-17, lapho izinja ezazibukeka njengezimpisi sezivele zihlala eJalimane. Babengabasizi abathembekile babalimi bendawo: belusa izinkomo, beqapha izindlu, futhi besebenza njengabaqaphi lapho, ngokwesibonelo, umnikazi kwakufanele aye edolobheni eyokwenza umbukiso.
Maphakathi neJalimane kanye nasenyakatho yezwe, izinja ezazelusa zazinkulu, ziqinile futhi zinamandla. Futhi eningizimu yeJalimane kwakuhlala izinja zohlobo olufanayo, kodwa zohlobo oluhlukile: ezinemilenze emide, ezinamathambo alula.
Abalimi baseJalimane bebehlale bekhetha izinja zabo ngokuqinile. Abantu ababi ngokweqile, abamagwala noma abahlanya balahlwa ekuzalelweni futhi, kaningi kunalokho, babhujiswa. Futhi ilungelo lokuqhubeka nokuphila nokuqhubeka nomjaho lanikezwa izilwane ezihlukaniswe ubuhlakani, isibindi, ukungonakali, ukuzinikela okungenabugovu nokulalela umnikazi.
Ikhono lokwalusa izinja ngokuzimela lithathe izinqumo ezimweni lapho umnikazi ebengekho eduze lathakaselwa kakhulu. Okhokho bezinja ezingamaJalimane abelusi baqonda kahle ukuthi umngcele wendawo evikelekile ulelephi futhi ngaphandle kwawo abathintanga abantu noma izilwane. Akunakuphikwa ukuthi inja enjalo ingadala ngisho nokuncane ukulimala emfuyweni noma ezinkukhu okungezomnikazi wayo, akubanga khona mbuzo, ngoba inja ebinesibindi sokulimaza imfuyo ibizolinda isijeziso sokuqala futhi esingagwemeki.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho kuqalwa umsebenzi wobungcweti wokuzalisa uMalusi waseJalimane, ikhwalithi eyanele, yize yayixakile ngaphandle, inani lezinja ezisebenzayo lase lakhiwe ngendlela yokukhetha abantu. Umsebenzi omkhulu wabalimi bokuqala kwakuwukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zabelusi bokuqala baseJalimane babe luhlobo olulodwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izimfanelo zabo zokusebenza kanye nokuvumelana.
Kuyathakazelisa! Umakhi wohlobo, uKaputeni Max von Stefanitz, lapho ezala izinja zokuqala zomalusi zaseJalimane, wabeka izimfanelo zokusebenza nezinsizakalo zezinja phambili, ekholelwa ukuthi kwakuyizici zesakhiwo ezazizosiza ukudala ukubukeka okubonakalayo futhi okuyingqayizivele angathanda ukukubona ezizukulwaneni ezilandelayo zabelusi baseJalimane.
Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, izinja ezingabelusi zaziwa kakhulu njengezinja zamaphoyisa. Baqala ukusetshenziswa ebusosheni ngemuva kwesikhashana.
ERussia, ukuthuthukiswa kohlobo ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II kwathatha indlela ehlukile: abelusi bangempela baseJalimane baqala ukubhekwa njengezinja "zama-fascist" futhi umsebenzi waqala ngokuzalanisa uhlobo olusha, olufana nolwazo. Kamuva, lezi zinja, ezizuza kokhokho bazo izici zangaphandle ezinjengokubukeka "kwempisi", kepha zihlukile ekukhuleni okuphezulu namandla omthethosisekelo, zabizwa ngokuthi Izinja Zomalusi zaseMpumalanga Yurophu.
Incazelo yohlobo lwe-German Shepherd
Inja esezingeni eliphakathi nendawo enkulu eseqenjini lezinja zokwelusa nezinkomo, ezinye izinja eziningi ezelusayo, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo zezinkomo zaseSwitzerland.
Ukubukeka
Inja eyelusayo kufanele ihlanganise ingaphandle elihle kakhulu nezimfanelo zokusebenza ezingenakuqhathaniswa. Yisilwane esiqinile futhi esiqinile, esibonakala ngemisipha ekhule kahle kanye nethambo eliqinile. I-Sheepdog yakhiwe ngokulingana futhi iyindlela yokuqala yamandla nokuzwana.
Inja akufanele ibukeke inamabhonasi alula kakhulu, kepha ithambo elikhulu ngokweqile nalo alamukeleki. Ifomethi yomzimba kufanele yelulwe kancane nje, futhi i-croup kufanele yehle ngokusobala, ngoba yibo ababumba ukubonakala komalusi ohlanzekile ojwayelekile wohlobo.
Okubalulekile! Ukuhlanganiswa okuhle kwalezi zinja kumele kusekelwe yizimfanelo zazo zensizakalo, ukukhuthazela nokuzinza kwengqondo.
Usayizi wenja
Ukuphakama, kuya ngobulili, kufanele kube:
Abesilisa - 60-65 cm kubuna ngesisindo esingama-30-40 kg.
Izingcosana - 55-60 cm ekubuneni, isisindo ngokuvamile singama-22-32 kg.
Umbala wejazi
Le mibala elandelayo ibhekwa njengeyamukelekile ngokusemthethweni kubelusi baseJalimane:
- Indawo empunga.
- Ubomvu we-Zonal.
- Kwenziwe umnyama-mnyama.
- Okumnyama.
- Okumnyama noshukela.
I-Zonal, noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, imibala emikhulu, yibo abadala kunabo bonke abelusi baseJalimane. Lo mbala usho ukuthi izinwele azidayiwe ngokuphelele ngombala ofanayo, kodwa zinephethini yesigaba equkethe izindawo ezimnyama nezikhanyayo (ezimpunga noma ezibomvu). Ngaphandle, umbala we-zonal ubukeka sengathi inja ifafazwe ngempuphu eyayimnyama ukwedlula umbala omkhulu.
Okubalulekile! Ngaphandle kokuthi abalimi manje bazimisele ngokwengeziwe ukufuya izinja ezinombala ogqamile omnyama onombala omnyama, umalusi ozwakalayo usasetshenziselwa ukuthola inzalo kubo.
Umbala we-zonal, uma uhlanganiswa nezakhi zofuzo zombala omnyama nomhlane, unikeza owokugcina ukukhanya okukhethekile nokugcwala. Uma, isikhathi eside, kusetshenziswa izinja ezimnyama nezingemuva kuphela ekuzalaneni, lokhu kuzoholela ekwenziweni buthaka kokugcwala kombala nasekubonakaleni kwezithunzi ezingathandeki, ezingabonakalisi.
Ngokuqondene nabelusi abamnyama abamnyama nabansundu nabashubile, babhekwa njengokungajwayelekile ngakho-ke, kanye nezinja ezinemibala emnyama, baziswa kakhulu ngabalimi.
Kuyaqabukela, kepha kukhona nabelusi abamhlophe baseJalimane. EMelika, lo mbala woboya uthathwa njengokwamukelekile, kepha eRussia nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS, uzothathwa njenge-plembrak ngombala.
Amazinga okuzala
Inhloko yenja iyahambelana nosayizi womzimba: ubude bayo kufanele bube cishe u-40% wokuphakama kwenja lapho ibuna. Inhloko imise okwekhanda futhi kufanele ibe banzi ngokulingene phakathi kwezindlebe.
Ubude besifonyo bulingana nobude begebhezi, ukushintshela embhedeni wesifonyo kufanele kumakwe kepha kungaphazamiseki.
Imihlathi inamandla futhi ithuthuke kahle. Izindebe ziqinile futhi zomile.
Amazinyo aphilile, aqinile futhi amhlophe futhi kufanele aphelele. Ukuluma okuvumelekile kuphela ukulunywa kwesikele.
Izindlebe zibekwe phezulu, zimile, zibanzi ezansi. Inesimo esingunxande, esinemikhawulo eyindilinga, ekhomba phambili.
Okubalulekile! Uma inja icindezela izindlebe zayo ekhanda ngenkathi ihamba, lokhu akubhekwa njengephutha.
Amehlo amile okwe-alimondi, atshekile kancane, okungcono abe nsundu ngangokunokwenzeka. Umbala wabo kufanele uhambisane nombala wejazi oyisisekelo.
Intamo inamandla, iqinile futhi inemisipha, ngaphandle kokugoqana kwesikhumba noma, noma kunjalo, isibikezelo samazolo. Esimweni, ithathwa cishe nge-angle engu-45 degree.
Ubude bomzimba bungu-110-117% wokuphakama lapho kubuna. Kokubili imilenze ephakeme ngokweqile kanye ne-squat eyeqile nokunwebeka akuthandeki.
Imbambo yezimbambo ijule ngokulingene futhi ibanzi, ayimile njengemgqomo, kodwa nayo ayicabalele.
Ingemuva liqondile, libanzi futhi liqondile. I-croup ithambekele nge-engela cishe yama-degree angama-23.
Umsila uluhlaza, uboya obuhle, kunalokho ubanzi esisekelweni, esimweni esehlisiwe ufinyelela emigodini. Ingavuka lapho ijabule, kepha ungalokothi ugijimele ngaphezu komugqa ongemuva.
Imilenze yangaphambili iqondile, iqinile futhi iqonde. Indlu yangemuva inamathanga acijile kahle.
Ijazi lingaba mfushane futhi libukhali, noma lihlangane kakhulu futhi lithambe. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinja ezinezinwele ezinde zinemivimbo emsileni, ngemuva kwezindlebe nasemaqenjini.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Abelusi baseJalimane baphila ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka eyi-9 kuya kwengu-13-14 ubudala.
Uhlamvu, isimilo somalusi waseJalimane
Umalusi waseJalimane ubonakala ngokuzola, ukuzinza kohlelo lwezinzwa, ikhono nesifiso sokusebenza, kanye nolaka olulinganiselayo. Phakathi kwezimfanelo ezinhle zalezi zinja, umuntu angabona futhi ukuqeqeshwa okuhle kakhulu nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene.
Isimo sengqondo ngomnikazi
Izinja zezimvu zithembeke ngendlela emangalisayo kubanikazi bazo, kepha, uma kunesidingo, zijwayela kalula iziqondiso ezintsha, ezibenza babe lula ngokukhethekile ekusebenzeni emisebenzini ekhethekile nasembuthweni wezempi.
Ekhaya, lezi zinja ziphatha bonke abantu kahle, kepha zinenhlonipho enkulu kunelinye lamalungu omndeni akhethwe ngumalusi uqobo njengomnikazi omkhulu.
Bayakhuzwa impela futhi bayalalela. Ngokukhuliswa okufanele nokuqeqeshwa, lezi zinja azibonisi ukuthambekela ekubuseni. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwabelusi baseJalimane, kunezinja ezinomlingiswa onenkani futhi onzima, ezenza izinja ezisebenzayo ezimangalisayo, kepha ezingafanele kakhulu indima yezilwane ezifuywayo nabangane.
Okubalulekile! Izinja ezivelele zidinga ukwelashwa okuqinile futhi kwesinye isikhathi okunzima, ngakho-ke akufanele kuthengwe njengesilwane sasekhaya noma umngane.
Isimo sengqondo ngezingane
Lolu hlobo luqotho kakhulu ezinganeni. Kepha ngenkathi ingane incane, udinga ukuyibheka njalo ngenkathi uxhumana nesilwane.
Ungavumeli izingane zidonse umalusi ngezindlebe noma ngomsila, futhi futhi uhlale eceleni kwazo. Inja cishe ayizithandi lezo zenzo kumnikazi omncane futhi, yize engeke ayilume ingane, angayidumela.
Okuhle kunakho konke ukuthi, inja eyelusayo izwana nezingane ezisakhula, ngoba sezikhule ngokwanele ukuqonda ukuthi umdlwane noma inja endala ayilona ithoyizi futhi idinga inhlonipho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingane zesikole esezikhulile zingathenjiswa ukuthi zingagcini nje ngokusiza ekunakekeleni isilwane sasekhaya, kodwa futhi nasekuzifundiseni nasekuziqeqesheni, kepha kusengcono ukuqhuba amakilasi anjalo ngaphansi kweso lamalungu omndeni amadala.
Isimo sengqondo ngezivakashi
Izinja zalolu hlobo ngokwemvelo azethembi abantu ongabazi. Noma kukhona umnikazi, umelusi angabhonga kumuntu angamazi ongene endlini amthuse ngalokhu.
Uma kwenzeka izivakashi zifika endlini, kungakuhle ukuthi unciphise ukuxhumana kwazo nesilwane. Ukwenza lokhu, umalusi angavalwa isikhashana e-aviary noma kwelinye igumbi.
Uma isimo siba ngendlela yokuthi ukuxhumana nezimenywa kungagwenywa, umnikazi kufanele akwenze ngokushesha kucace esilwaneni sakhe ukuthi abantu abangene endlini abayingozi nokuthi akukwazi ukubhodloka noma, ngisho nangaphezulu, ukusigijimela.
Uma umnikazi efuna ukuthi inja eyelusayo ibe seduze kwezivakashi, kufanele ayifundise ukuthi iziphathe kahle kusukela isencane kakhulu lapho abantu abangaziwa bengena endlini.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuvumela umdlwane ukuthi uhogele izivakashi, bese umthumela endaweni. Ithoni yengxoxo ezolile nenobungani nokuthi izivakashi azenzi ukushukuma okunokhahlo futhi azisabisi umninizo kuzosiza umalusi aqonde ukuthi laba bantu abangabazi abayingozi, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokubakhonkotha noma ukubakhonkotha.
Ukugcina uMalusi waseJalimane
Umalusi waseJalimane akayona inzalo edinga ukunakekelwa okuthatha isikhathi. Lesi yisilwane esingathobekile empilweni yansuku zonke nasekondleni, okuthi, ngenxa yokukhuthazela kwayo, ivumelane kalula nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokuphila.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Ngokuyinhloko, ukunakekelwa kwezilwane nsuku zonke kuncishiselwa ukuxubha ijazi njalo, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuvikela izindlebe, amehlo nomlomo.
Ijazi labelusi baseJalimane kufanele libhululwe okungenani kabili ngeviki, futhi uma isilwane sinenwele ezinde, sigoqe nekama. Ngenxa yokuthi abelusi baseJalimane bachitha kakhulu, le nqubo kuzodingeka yenziwe nsuku zonke ngesikhathi se-molting. Futhi ngalesi sikhathi kunconywa ukusebenzisa i-furminator noma i-mitten ukususwa okungcono koboya obufile.
Ungageza izinja zakho zomalusi hhayi izikhathi ezingaphezu kwezingu-2-3 ngonyaka, futhi udinga ukusebenzisa ama-shampoo akhethekile ezinja.
Amehlo nezindlebe, uma zingcolile, ziyasulwa ngoswidi swabs oswakanyiswe ngengxube ekhethekile yokuzihlanza. Uma imikhondo yokuvuvukala ibonakala, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wezilwane.
I-German Shepherd ihlanza amazinyo uqobo lapho idla ukudla okuqinile, njengemifino eluhlaza noma uqwanga. Abakhiqizi abaningi bokudla okomile babumba ngokukhethekile ama-granules, ngenxa yokuthi bona, ngaphezu kokugcwalisa isilwane, benza omunye umsebenzi: basiza ukususa uqweqwe.
Izinja ezelusa amaJalimane akudingeki zisike uzipho kaningi, njengoba izinja uqobo zigaya lapho zihamba phezu kwe-asphalt. Uma inja eyelusayo idinga ukusika uzipho, khona-ke lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kusetshenziswa umsiki wezinzipho owenzelwe izinja ezinkulu.
Okubalulekile! Ukunakekela umalusi waseJalimane kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwesilwane kusuka kumazeze, imikhaza kanye nezibungu, kanye nokugoma okufika ngesikhathi.
Ukudla, ukudla
Uma inja eyelusayo idla ukudla kwemvelo, lapho-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe hhayi kuphela ukuthi inja ithola ukudla okwanele, kepha nokuthi ikusha futhi ilinganisiwe ekubunjweni.
Akwamukelekile ukondla inja kuphela ngephalishi noma inyama emsulwa. Ukudla kwenja ekwelusayo kufanele kwenziwe ukuze kube khona cishe ingxenye yesithathu yemikhiqizo yenyama kuyo, futhi ngaphezu kwabo, isilwane sithola iphalishi elincane le-oat, i-buckwheat noma ilayisi, imifino eluhlaza noma ebilisiwe, izithelo ezincane zonyaka ezifana nama-apula, kanye namavithamini akhethekile. nezengezo zamaminerali. Kuwusizo kakhulu ukunikeza inja, ikakhulukazi umdlwane, imikhiqizo yobisi ebilisiwe namaqanda (izingcezu ezingu-1-2 ngeviki, ngaphezu kwalokho, amaprotheni kufanele abiliswe kuphela, futhi isikhuphasha singanikezwa kokubili okubilisiwe nokuluhlaza).
Ukuphakelwa kwezentengiselwano okulungele ukwenziwa kufanele kube sezingeni eliphakeme futhi kungabi eshibhile kakhulu, ngoba okuphakelayo okuningi okusesigabeni sezomnotho kuqukethe odayi abaningi kanye neziqinisi, kepha kuqukethe amaprotheni amancane kakhulu nezinye izinto eziwusizo. Kungcono ukondla ukudla kwenja okwelusayo okulungele iminyaka yakhe nesimo sempilo, kungabi ngaphansi kwesigaba se-premium.
Okubalulekile! Esitsheni, isilwane kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe namanzi ahlanzekile, apholile, okumele aguqulwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngenkathi umdlwane umncane, uwuphe ngokuya ngezincomo zomfuyi. Imvamisa, kuze kufike ezinyangeni ezintathu, imidlwane yondliwa izikhathi ezingama-4-5 ngosuku, futhi njengoba umalusi ekhula, inani lokuphakelwa liyancipha. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, isilwane sesivele sondliwa izikhathi eziyi-3-4 ngosuku, kusukela ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalombili - kathathu. Inja ekhulile yokwalusa kufanele ithole ukudla izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku.
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
Uma inja ekwelusayo ingeyolayini, ingenazifo zofuzo, futhi umnikazi wayo eyiqaphelisisa impilo yayo, kuyaqabukela igule. Kodwa abamele lolu hlobo banesimo sokuthola izifo ezimbalwa ezilandelayo:
- Ukungezwani komzimba, ikakhulukazi ukudla.
- I-aortic stenosis.
- I-myelopathy eguquguqukayo.
- I-Demangectic mange.
- Isikhumba.
- I-corneal dystrophy.
- Izifo zesistimu yemisipha.
- I-cataract.
- Otitis.
- Isifo sikashukela.
Okubalulekile! Izinja ezelusayo zingantula i-hormone yokukhula, okuholela esihlahleni esifushane.
Kwakuyizinja ezingakhuli ziye kosayizi abajwayelekile ngenxa yokushoda kwe-hormone yokukhula, futhi zaba yisizathu sokuvela kokuqagela mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezincane okuthiwa zikhona zomhlambi waseJalimane.
Okubi okulandelayo kungabangelwa ukukhubazeka kohlobo:
- Izindlebe ezilengayo.
- Isakhiwo somzimba noma sekhanda esingajwayelekile kumalusi.
- Amazinyo alahlekile noma i-malocclusion.
- Umsila ugoqene ube yiringi noma ugoqelwe ngemuva.
- I-bobtail yokuzalwa.
- Umsila noma izindlebe ezikhubekile.
- I-psyche engazinzile.
- I-phlegm eyeqile noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukujabula ngokweqile.
- Amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
- Noma imuphi umbala ongajwayelekile.
- Ukungabi nengubo yangaphansi.
- Izinwele ezithambile ngokweqile, ezinzima noma ezinde kakhulu.
Imfundo nokuqeqeshwa
ABelusi baseJalimane babhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezihlakaniphe kakhulu futhi eziqeqesheka kalula. Kepha ukuze ukuxhumana nesilwane kufake injabulo kumnikazi waso kuphela, futhi inqubo yoqeqesho yenzeka ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kuyadingeka ukusungula ubudlelwano obufanele nenja ekhulayo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuze wenze lokhu, kusukela osukwini lokuqala, lapho nje umalusi evela endlini, mphathe ngokuqinile, kepha ngokufanele. Awukwazi ukuvumela umdlwane ukuba ube lukhuni, ungalaleli umnikazi. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ngobumnene kepha ngokuqinile umenze aqonde ukuthi umphathi wendlu ungumnikazi, ngakho-ke inja kufanele imlalele ngokuphelele. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuphathwa ngonya kwesilwane akwamukelekile: awukwazi ukugcona umdlwane, ukumethusa noma ukumemeza uma, ngokwesibonelo, engalaleli.
Ekuqaleni, inqubo yokufunda izokwenzeka ekhaya, futhi lapha kubaluleke kakhulu ukujwayeza umalusi egameni lakhe, endaweni yakhe, kanye nakuthreyi noma inabukeni. Uzosebenzisa indlu yangasese yasekhaya kuze kuphele ukuvalelwa yedwa ngemuva kokugoma, lapho ezovunyelwa ukuphuma ngaphandle. Ngasikhathi sinye, ungafundisa umdlwane imiyalo elula evela esifundweni esijwayelekile, njengokuthi "Woza kimi!", "Beka!", "Hlala!", "Lala phansi!" Kuyasiza ukujwayeza umdlwane ku-leash nakwikhola ngisho nangaphambi kokuphela kokuhlukaniswa, kulokhu, ukuhamba kokuqala naye kuzoba mnandi futhi kuphephe.
Bashintshela ekuqeqeshweni kwangempela kamuva, ezinyangeni ezine. Kule minyaka yobudala, baqinisa imiyalo elula esevele yafundwa, futhi bafunda neminye emisha, eyinkimbinkimbi. Uma ucabanga ukuthi uMalusi okhulayo waseJalimane usevele uyisilwane esiqinile futhi esikhulu, okungelula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukubhekana nakho, kungcono uma inqubo yokuqeqesha i-OKD izokwenzeka ngaphansi kweso lomqeqeshi oqeqeshiwe.
Okubalulekile! Zishintshela ekuthuthukiseni amakhono enkonzo yonogada abavikelayo kuphela lapho umalusi esephase inkambo ye-OKD.
Akufanele nakanjani uzame ukuthukuthelisa inja encane uwedwa, noma, nangaphezulu, uyibeke kwezinye izilwane nabantu. Lokhu kungaholela ekuphazamisekeni kwengqondo nasekuhlaselweni okungalawulwa.
Ukugcina umalusi emgwaqweni
Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu kokugcinwa kwangaphandle kungaba i-aviary ebanzi enedokodo elifakiwe. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuvumela inja igijime igceke lonke, futhi-ke, nsuku zonke udinga ukuyikhipha ukuze uhambe futhi uziqeqeshe ngayo. Kubhekwa futhi njengokuvumelekile uma umalusi ehlala edokodweni elingenayo i-aviary.
Ukugcinwa kwenja njalo eketangeni akwamukelekile. Inja yezimvu ingafakwa eketangeni isikhashana kuphela, ngokwesibonelo, uma kwenzeka kufika izivakashi, hhayi ukuyigcina ibambe izinsuku zonke.
Umalusi waseJalimane angahlala egcekeni unyaka wonke, kepha ngasikhathi sinye kuyadingeka ukuthi isilwane sibe nedokodo elifakwe insimbi nendawo ebiyelwe efudumele evaliwe ngaphezulu ukuvikela inja emvuleni naseqhweni.
Ngenkathi ebandayo, kunconywa ukuthi unyuse kancane inani lamafutha namaprotheni ekudleni kwenja, futhi unikeze ukudla okufudumele, kepha kungashisi. Uma iqabaka elibi liqala emgwaqweni, inja kufanele idluliselwe endlini noma kuveranda ovaliwe.
Ukugcina inja engumalusi efulethini
Efulethini, umalusi kufanele abe nendawo yakhe, kude nezinhlaka kanye nezinto zokushisa, lapho isilwane sidinga ukufundiswa khona kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokubonakala endlini.
Udinga ukuhamba noMalusi waseJalimane okungenani kabili ngosuku, futhi, okungcono, hhayi nje ukuhamba nayo ezansi nomgwaqo, kodwa futhi uyiyeke igijime ngaphandle kwentambo. Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ezindaweni ezibiyelwe, noma kwenye indawo engenamuntu, lapho kungekho zimoto nabantu ongabazi. Futhi kuhle impela uma umnikazi ethatha isilwane aye naso e-dacha noma lapho ehambela izwe eya emvelweni, lapho angagijima khona futhi adlale ngokuzithokozisa kwakhe.
Ukugcinwa kwedolobha kungaba yinkinga ngokukhonkotha ngokweqile noma ukulimaza ifenisha nezindonga. Umnikazi, eya emsebenzini, ushiya umalusi efulethini bese eqala ukungaziphathi kahle ngenxa yesithukuthezi, noma aqaphe kakhulu insimu ayinikezwe yona.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqeqeshe umdlwane wakho ukuthi uhlale wedwa. Imizamo yokuququda nokulimaza ifenisha noma ezinye izinto kufanele imiswe ngokushesha, kanye nokukhonkotha komakhelwane abadlula ngasemnyango.
Okubalulekile! Uma kusukela ekuqaleni unikeza umdlwane ukuthi aqonde ukuthi yini engenziwa, ukuba wedwa, nokuthi yini engekho, uzofunda ukuba yedwa efulethini, ngaphandle kokuba mubi ngasikhathi sinye.
Ukuzala, ukukhwelana nomalusi waseJalimane
Izinja ezingabelusi abadala kuphela ezivunyelwe ukukhwelana, ezithole amamaki okubonisa, ukwamukelwa ekuzalaneni futhi ezinezitifiketi zezilwane eziqinisekisa ukukhululeka ezifweni zofuzo.
I-bitch akufanele ikhuliswe ngaphambi kokushisa kwesibili noma kwesithathu. Ukukhwelana kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nakho kungathandeki enjeni: kungaholela ezinkingeni zengqondo futhi kuthinte kabi ukukhula okuphelele kwenja ekhulayo.
Umnikazi we-bitch kufanele akhethele isilwane sakhe umlingani ozohlangana naye ukuze abukeke kangcono kunaye.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma inja initha okokuqala, umlingani wesibili kufanele abe nolwazi noma okungenani esevele ekhululiwe.
Kukhona izinja endaweni yowesilisa, ngoba kulokhu inja izizwa izethembile futhi inethezekile ukwedlula uma ukukhwelana kwenzeka endaweni engayijwayele.
Ungaluka izinja zomalusi ngendlela yamahhala nangesandla. Indlela yokuqala ifiseleka kakhulu, ngoba yenziwa cishe ezimweni zemvelo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuvumela ophathina bazane, bese ubashiya bodwa omunye nomunye ekamelweni elivaliwe noma egcekeni lendlu yangasese. Ngezikhathi ezithile, udinga ukuhlola ukuthi ibhizinisi liqhubeka kanjani futhi, uma kunesidingo, siza izinja.
Ukukhwelana mathupha kwenziwa njengesinqumo sokugcina, ngokwesibonelo, uma i-bitch ibalekela njalo noma iziphatha ngokuthuka futhi ishaya inja, iyivimbe ukuthi ingasondeli. Ngemuva kwalokho umnikazi udinga ukuwuthatha ngekhola ngesandla esisodwa, ngesinye ngaphansi kwesisu asibambe siqine. Umnikazi wenja ngalesi sikhathi kufanele aqondise isilwane sakhe futhi asikhuthaze, uma kunesidingo. Uma i-bitch inonya kakhulu, kufanele iboshwe ngomlomo ngaphambi kokukhwelana.
Ukulawulwa kwenziwa ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokukhwelana okukhulu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukusebenzisa uma kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona okungahambanga kahle ekuhlanganiseni kokuqala noma uma i-bitch iphikisana ngokucacile, okungakhombisa ukuthi kube nephutha ngesikhathi futhi inja yakhuliswa kusenesikhathi noma, kunalokho, ngokulibaziseka.
Ukukhulelwa ezinja zomalusi kuhlala, ngokwesilinganiso, kusuka ezinsukwini ezingama-58 kuye kwezingama-63. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuhlinzeka inja ngokudla okunomsoco okuseqophelweni eliphezulu nokuthi ungayinakekela kanjani. Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa umsebenzi womzimba we-bitch okhulelwe futhi uthathe ikhefu ekuqeqesheni.
Abelusi baseJalimane bazala kalula futhi, ngokwesilinganiso, kunezingane ezi-5 kuye kwezi-7 kudoti. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi kuzalwa ngaphezulu noma okuncane: kusuka kumidlwane engu-1 kuye ku-12.
Ukuthenga umalusi waseJalimane
Ukuthengwa komdlwane walolu hlobo kumele kusondele ngokuziphendulela ngangokunokwenzeka. Umalusi waseJalimane uyinja enkulu futhi enkulu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ukugcinwa kwesilwane esinjalo kuzodinga ukunakwa okukhulu, umzamo nemali.
Ungakhetha kanjani okufanele ukubheke
Kungase kubonakale ukuthi uma lolu hlobo lungezinye ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni, khona-ke ukuthola umdlwane ofanele kuzoba lula kakhulu. Eqinisweni, ukuthandwa kwalolu hlobo okuholele ekuveleni kwezinja eziningi ezisezingeni eliphansi ezingahlangabezani nezinga ngokubukeka noma ngobumnene, futhi kaningi futhi ezinezinkinga zengqondo noma zempilo. Bakudlulisa ngokuqinile bonke la maphutha enzalweni yabo, ukuze bamiswe kulayini owodwa noma komunye futhi ngemuva kwalokho ngeke kube lula ukuwaqeda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abaningi abangathembekile abangabafuyi bathengisa abelusi be-mestizo becashe ngezinja ezihlanzekile.
Ngakho-ke, akunasimo lapho kufanele uthenge isilwane ngaphandle kwemibhalo evela kuyo. Okuhle kunakho konke, ukunquma ukuthenga inja eyelusayo, xhumana neklabhu noma inkulisa ezala izinja zalolu hlobo.
Lapho ukhetha umdlwane kusilahla, kufanele unake iqiniso lokuthi ngombala ojwayelekile nomthethosisekelo ofanele. Ukugoqeka kwezidladla, i-hunchback, sagging, okufishane noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukubuya okude kakhulu akwamukelekile. Umsila kufanele ube wesethi nesimo esifanele. Izindlebe zezinja ezincane ezelusayo kungenzeka ukuthi sezivele zimile noma zehlile. Kepha uma izingane sezinezinyanga ezingaphezu kwezine ubudala, izindlebe ezixegayo kufanele ziqaphele. Ngempela, uma bengavukanga ngisho nakule minyaka, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi izindlebe zenjanyana zinzima kakhulu noma zinkulu kakhulu nokuthi, mhlawumbe, kuzodingeka kusetshenziswe umzamo omkhulu ukuze usethwe ngokuzayo.
Okubalulekile! Umdlwane kufanele ube nobungane nezinye izinja esibayeni, kanye nabantu.
Unya olweqisayo alufuneki njengobugwala noma uthando olweqisayo. Kungcono ukhethe umdlwane okhombisa ilukuluku elinomusa kubantu: ulungele ukujwayela, ubamba umsila wakhe futhi akesabi lapho umnikazi ongaba khona elula isandla sakhe kuye.
Uma umalusi, lapho ebona umuntu ongamazi, abaleke ngokwesaba futhi azifihle, ahaqane ekhoneni, khona-ke lokhu kukhombisa izinkinga ezisobala zengqondo nobugwala. Umdlwane onjalo awusoze wakhula waba inja esebenza kahle futhi unogada onokwethenjelwa. Futhi ngeke abe ngumpetha wombukiso futhi, noma ngabe yikuphi, noma ingaphandle elifanele kakhulu, ngakho-ke, akufanele uthenge umalusi onjalo.
Kuzoba wusizo: AmaKennels kaMalusi waseJalimane
Intengo yozalo lomdlwane
Intengo ejwayelekile yomdlwane waseJalimane Shepherd onemibhalo isuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-25 kuye kwezingama-50. Ngasikhathi sinye, imidlwane eseyikhulile noma izingane ezifunda izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukuthengiswa zishibhile.
Izincomo ze-Breeder
Abafuyi abanolwazi baluleka okulandelayo kubantu abahlela ukuthenga umalusi waseJalimane:
- Okokuqala, udinga ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi injongo edingekayo umalusi: ukuqapha indlu, ukukhanyisa emibonisweni, ukubamba iqhaza emincintiswaneni yezemidlalo, noma nje ufuna ukuba nenja endlini ebukeka njengoKhomishani Rex noma uMukhtar. Ngokuya ngenhloso yokutholwa, futhi uzodinga ukuqala ukufuna inkulisa efanelekile noma umfuyi.
- Akunasimo lapho kufanele, unqotshwe imizwa, uthenge umdlwane wokuqala owubonayo esikhangisweni noma emakethe.
- Ochwepheshe ngamabomu bahlukanisa izinja zalolu hlobo zibe yizilwane zokubonisa nezisebenza. Uma kudingeka izinja zokubonisa, okokuqala, ingaphandle elingahlonipheki, khona-ke imvelo kanye nengqondo yezinja ezisebenzayo ezisebenza kakhulu kugxile emsebenzini. Izinja ezinjalo kungenzeka zingabukeki kangako ekubukekeni, kepha ziyalalela kakhulu, ziqinile futhi zisebenza kahle.
- Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi inja esebenza umalusi waseJalimane ayifani ne-phenotype yalolu hlobo, engenayo imibhalo yemvelaphi futhi ebiza izikhathi eziphindwe kabili kunenja evela esibayeni esihle. Izinjana ezisebenza kahle nazo zinamamethrikhi, futhi izindleko zazo ziyalingana, futhi kwesinye isikhathi zize zeqe nezindleko zezinja ezisezingeni lokubonisa.
- Ngaphambi kokuletha isilwane sakho ekhaya, udinga ukuthenga konke okudingayo lapho usinakekela: umbhede, isitsha, ukudla (ngemuva kokubonisana nomfuyi), amathoyizi, ama-leashes namakhola.
- Awukwazi ukuthenga inja enjalo ngoba nje umakhelwane unayo noma ngoba ingane yayidinga inja njengesipho, yize, empeleni, yayihlelelwe ukuthatha i-poodle encane, hhayi inja eyelusayo.
Abanikazi abangaba khona kufanele bahlale bekhumbula ukuthi ukuthenga inja yohlobo olubi kangako akufanele kube yinto yesikhashana, kodwa kube yisinqumo esilinganiselayo nesibhekwe ngokucophelela.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Abanikazi babelusi baseJalimane bagubha ubuhlakani nobuhlakani bezilwane ezifuywayo, kanye nokukwazi kwabo ukuzimela uma kunesidingo. Izinja ezingabelusi ziyalalela futhi ziyalawuleka, kepha lezi zinja zidinga umsebenzi wazo empilweni.
Abanye abanikazi balezi zinja, nokho, abajabule ngesimo sokugcina, ngoba bona ngokwabo abakwazanga "ukudida" izilwane zabo ezifuywayo, ngenxa yalokho izinja zabo ezingabelusi ngokwabo bafuna okuthile abazokwenza, futhi, kwesinye isikhathi, bengazi ukuthi bangazijabulisa kanjani, badla ifenisha noma izindonga efulethini ...
Kodwa-ke, ngokubuyekezwa kwabanikazi abanesibopho abanikela ngesikhathi sokukhulisa nokuqeqesha izifuyo zabo, kanye nokuhamba nezinja zabo okungenani amahora amabili ngosuku, abelusi babo abazizwa bencishwa ukunakwa futhi abaziphathi kabi ngenxa yesithukuthezi noma ukungenzi lutho.
Ukunakekela lezi zinja kulula, ngakho-ke, ungazigcina zombili endlini nasendlini. Futhi lokhu kungenye yezimfanelo ezinhle zezinja ezingabelusi, eziphawulwa ngabanikazi bazo.
Iningi labanikazi liyaqaphela ukuthi izinja zabo ezingabelusi zizizwa kahle, zithola kokubili ukudla okulungiselelwe okwenziwe esitolo nokudla ukudla okugcwele okunenani eligcwele. Into esemqoka ukuthi ungashintshi lezi zinhlelo ezimbili, kepha ukondla inja ngokwesikimu esikhethwe ekuqaleni.
Abanikazi abaningi babelusi baseJalimane baqaphela ukuthi izinja zabo zigada ngokuphelele indlu noma ifulethi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye abakhombisi ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile kungaba kubantu abangabazi noma kwezinye izilwane.
Futhi, abanikazi bezinja zalolu hlobo baqaphela ukuthi abelusi baphatha izingane kahle, yize bengabavumeli inkululeko engadingekile. Lezi zinja azithandi ukugconwa noma ukudonswa ngezindlebe nangomsila, kepha, imvamisa, zikhawulela ekuvele zibhokele ingane ebacasulayo, ngaphandle kokuzama ukuyiluma. Kepha ezinganeni ezindala, umalusi ngokuqinisekile uzoba ngumngani othembekile nonogada onokwethenjelwa, okungekho okwethusayo ukuhamba naye emgwaqweni noma egcekeni kusihlwa. Abanikazi abaningi banikeze ukunakekelwa kwesilwane kanye nokukhuliswa kwaso ezinganeni zabo ezisezingeni eliphakeme lesikole futhi abazisoli ngakho. Ngokuphambene nalokho, bayaqaphela ukuthi ingane isibe nomthwalo wemfanelo ngokwengeziwe futhi ithathe ngokungathí sina, kanye neqiniso lokuthi ngenxa yenja eyelusayo, iye yanda kakhulu emgwaqweni.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi uMalusi waseJalimane abhekwe njengenye yezinhlobo ezihamba phambili zensizakalo emhlabeni ukwedlula konke. Lezi zinja zingenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi, futhi ubufakazi obuhle kakhulu balokhu ukusetshenziswa kwazo ngempumelelo emsebenzini emaphoyiseni, embuthweni, emisebenzini yokutakula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinja ezelusayo zisebenza ngokukhazimulayo kwezemidlalo futhi ziphumelela emasongweni ombukiso. Kepha into enkulu ukuthi ngokukhuliswa okulungile, abangane abahle nabangane bakhula kubo. Izinja ezingabelusi abaqeqeshiwe zinobungane futhi zinothando kubaninizo, kepha uma kunesidingo, zikulungele ukuzivikela ngaphandle kokungabaza.
