IGooppi (i-Latin Poecilia reticulata) iyinhlanzi yase-aquarium, eyaziwa ngisho nakubantu abakude kakhulu ne-aquaristics, ingasaphathwa eyabathandi bezimfundamakhwela.
Mhlawumbe, wonke umuntu osebenza emanzini okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe wagcina ama-gupeshkas ambalwa, futhi abaningi baqala uhambo lwabo nabo, futhi manje baqukethe izinhlobo zikanokusho, ezikhethiwe.
Ukuphendula yonke imibuzo emayelana nabo, mhlawumbe udinga ukubhala incwadi, kepha sizozama ukucubungula ezithandwa kakhulu.
Ukuphila emvelweni
IGuppy (Poecilia reticulata) ingenye yezinhlanzi ezishise kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ingenye yezinhlobo ezaziwa kakhulu zezinhlanzi zasemanzini angenasawoti. Iyilungu lomndeni wasePoeciliidae futhi, cishe cishe wonke amalungu omndeni, i-viviparous.
Imidlwane izalwa e-Antigua naseBarbuda, eBarbados, eBrazil, eGuyana, eJamaica, eNetherlands Antilles, eTrinidad naseTobago, e-US Virgin Islands naseVenezuela. Ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo futhi ziyachuma ezimeni eziningi zemvelo ezahlukahlukene.
Njengomthetho, bahlala emanzini acwebile, agelezayo, kepha futhi bathanda namanzi asogwini, kepha hhayi amanzi anosawoti anosawoti.
Zidla izibungu, izibungu, izikelemu zegazi kanye nezinambuzane ezincane ezahlukene.
Baziswe emazweni amaningi kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwenzeka ngengozi, kepha kaningi njengendlela yokulwa nomiyane. AmaGuppie kwakucatshangwa ukuthi adla izibungu zomiyane futhi asiza ukunciphisa ukubhebhetheka komalaleveva, kepha ezimweni eziningi, la madlwane abe nomthelela omubi kubantu bezinhlanzi bendawo.
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi imidlwane ihlanganise cishe yonke imizimba yamanzi angenasawoti etholakala ezindaweni zayo zemvelo, ikakhulukazi emifuleni eseduze kwamaphethelo asogwini lweningizimu yeNingizimu Melika. Yize kungatholakali ngokujwayelekile lapho, imidlwane nayo ibekezelela kahle amanzi amnkantsha futhi ikholoni lezinye izindawo ezinobhedu. Zivame ukuba nokuchichima emifudlaneni nasemigodini emincane kunasemifuleni emikhulu, ejulile noma egeleza ngokushesha.
Igama labo livela egameni likaRobert John Lechmer Guppy, owabathola eTrinidad emuva ngo-1866 wabayisa eBritish Museum. Kusukela lapho, le nhlanzi seyishintshe amagama amaningi, kufaka phakathi i-Lebistes reticulatus futhi manje yaziwa nge-Poecilia reticulata.
Kunezinhlobo ezicishe zibe ngama-300 zama-guppies. Ziza ngemibala ehlukahlukene, osayizi nobubunjwa bemisila. Abesilisa emvelweni bakhanya kakhulu kunabesifazane, kepha umbala wabo ukude nezindlela zokuzalisa i-aquarium.
Kumele abavikele ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, ngoba inhlanzi incane futhi ayinakho ukuzivikela.
Izizukulwane ezimbili noma ezintathu zemidlwane ezalwe ngonyaka owodwa zitholakala endle. Amafry akhule kahle futhi anamandla okuphila ngokuzimela ngaphandle kokunakekelwa komzali ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwabo. Abesifazane bakhiqiza inzalo okokuqala ngqa abaneminyaka engama-10-20 amasonto futhi baqhubeke nokuzala kuze kube izinyanga ezingama-20-34. Umjikelezo wokuzala uhlotshaniswa nobudala. Izinsikazi ezindala zikhiqiza izingane ezinosayizi owehlisiwe nezikhawu ezikhulayo phakathi kokuzalwa.
Abesilisa bavuthwa emasontweni ayisikhombisa noma ngaphansi. Imidlwane yabesilisa neyabesifazane evela ezifundeni ezinamazinga aphakeme kakhulu okuvuthwa ikhula ngokushesha futhi iqale ukuzala ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunabesilisa abavela ezifundeni ezinamazinga aphansi okudliwa. Abesifazane abavela ezifundeni ezinamazinga aphezulu okudliwa kwezilwane bazala kaningi futhi bakhiqize inzalo eningi ngodoti, bavundile kakhulu kunabesifazane abanamazinga aphansi okudliwa.
Ngaphezu kokuguga, ukutholakala kokuphakelayo nobuningi nakho kudlala indima ekulawulweni kwabantu be-guppy. Imidlwane inciphisa ukuzala kwayo ngenxa yokuphela kokudla. Lapho ukudla kuningi, kukhulisa usayizi wezingane.
Isikhathi sokuphila esiphelele se-guppy endle sihluka kakhulu, kepha imvamisa iba cishe iminyaka emibili.
Incazelo
Njengoba sishilo, ama-guppies eza ngemibala nosayizi abahlukahlukene, anezimo ezahlukahlukene zomsila. Endle, abesifazane bavame ukuba mpunga, kuyilapho abesilisa benemivimbo enemibala, amabala, noma ukubenyeza ngemibala ehlukahlukene. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-guppies asemanzini ngenxa yemizamo yabafuyi yokwenza izinhlobo ezintsha ezinemibala egqamile namaphethini amaningi emizimbeni nasemisileni yazo.
Lezi zinhlanzi zi-dimorphic ngokocansi, okusho ukuthi ungatshela abesilisa kwabesifazane ngokubabheka nje. Ngenkathi abesifazane ngokwemvelo benombala ompunga womzimba, abesilisa banamabala, amabala, noma imivimbo engaba yimibala ehlukahlukene.
Ngokuqondene nokubukeka, cishe akunakwenzeka ukukuchaza. Imidlwane iwela kaningi futhi kangangoba ngisho nezinqwaba zamafomu okuzalanisa angabalwa, futhi ajwayelekile kakhulu. Abesilisa nabesifazane bezinhlobo eziningi bavame ukuba bakhulu ngosayizi womzimba futhi bahlobise kakhulu kunabanduleli babo bohlobo lwasendle.
Lezi zinhlanzi zingena cishe kuyo yonke imibala ongayicabanga, imvamisa umbala opholile engxenyeni engenhla yomzimba, kuyilapho ngemuva ingemibala ekhanyayo ngokugqamile.
Ezinye izinhlobo nazo zingaba yinsimbi. Zinama-iridophores, angamaseli angenambala akhombisa ukukhanya, okudala umphumela wensimbi.
Inhlanzi encane, nabesilisa bancane kunabesifazane, futhi imvamisa iba nobude obucishe bube ngamasentimitha ayisi-5. Abesilisa bavamise ukuba ngo-1.5-3.5 cm ubude, kuthi abesifazane babe ngu-3-6 cm ubude.
Imidlwane iphila iminyaka engu-2-3, ngoba usayizi wayo omncane namanzi afudumele kusheshisa imetabolism futhi kunciphise isikhathi sokuphila kwayo.
Ukuxakaniseka kokuqukethwe
Inhlanzi enhle yabaqalayo nabahle.
Mncane, uyasebenza, muhle, kulula kakhulu ukuzala kabusha, ukungafuni ukugcinwa nokondliwa, kubonakala sengathi uhlu luqhubeka unomphela.
Kodwa-ke, sizoxwayisa ama-novice aquarists ngokuthenga amafomu akhanyayo, akhethiwe. Ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi ifomu liyakhetha? Uma zonke izinhlanzi ezise-aquarium zinombala ofanayo, abesilisa banamaphiko amade futhi afanayo, ngakho-ke lezi zinhlobo ezifunayo.
Uma abesilisa behluke bonke, njengabesifazane, kunesiphithiphithi semibala nemibala ngemibala, lapho-ke lezi izinhlanzi ezidingwa ngumuntu ojwayelekile wasemanzini.
Iqiniso ngukuthi ngenxa yokuwela, ziba zinhle kakhulu, kepha futhi zingenandaba kakhulu, zilahlekelwa yizinzuzo zazo.
Amafomu e-hybrid asevele enokuzivikela komzimba obuthakathaka futhi afuna kakhulu ukuwagcina. Ngakho-ke uma uvele uthathe isinqumo sokuzama ukuzilibazisa nge-aquarium, thenga i-gupesh elula kepha enemibala.
Ngeke bakuthokozise ngaphansi kwezinhlobo zokuzalela, kepha bazophila isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi kuzoba nezinkinga ezimbalwa.
Futhi kobuhle kuzoba namafomu wokukhetha - adinga ukuhlelwa ngokucophelela, kulinywe futhi kunakekelwe ngokucophelela okukhulu.
Ukondla
Ama-guppies asendle adla imfucumfucu ye-algae, ama-diatoms, ama-invertebrate, izingcezu zezitshalo, izinhlayiya zamaminerali, izibungu zezinambuzane zasemanzini nokunye ukudla. Izinsalela ze-algae zakha ingxenye enkulu yokudla kwama-guppies asendle ezimweni eziningi, kepha izidlo ziyahlukahluka kuye ngezimo ezithile endaweni. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lwama-guppies asendle aseTrinidadia luthole ukuthi imidlwane ikakhulukazi ibidla izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla, kuyilapho imidlwane evela esifundeni esingezansi (umfula ophansi weTacarigua) idla kakhulu ama-diatom nezinhlayiya zamaminerali.
Ama-Guppies angama-omnivorous, okusho ukuthi adla ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Badla ukudla okwehluke kakhulu - okufakelwayo, okubandayo, okuphilayo, noma kome.
Badla ama-flakes, ama-pellets nokunye ukuphakelwa okufakelwayo ngenjabulo, kepha kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo ezaziwayo, njenge-Tetra. Qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha umkhiqizo ophakeme wamaprotheni hhayi ogcwalisa. Ukuqinisekisa lokhu, hlola ukuhleleka kwezithako (izithako zihlelwe ngamaphesenti). Okuphakelayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu kuzoqukatha amaprotheni abhalwe ngenhla (isb. Izinhlanzi eziphakelayo, imfanzi nemikhiqizo yenyama). Gwema okusanhlamvu okuqukethe okugcwalisa njengokolweni kanye nesoya, okubhalwe njengezithako zokuqala.
Ngaphezu kokusanhlamvu, ungondla izinhlanzi zakho ngokudla okuphilayo noma okubandayo. Kwabaphilayo, abahamba phambili badla ama-bloodworms, i-tubifex, i-brine shrimp, i-corotra.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-guppy inomlomo omncane nesisu, ukudla kufanele kube kuncane, futhi kungcono ukukuphakela kabili noma kathathu ngosuku, ezingxenyeni izinhlanzi ezizodla ngazo ngemizuzu emi-2-3.
Futhi, izinhlanzi zithanda ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezinto zezitshalo, ukuze umgudu wazo wamathumbu uhlale uphilile, futhi amasosha omzimba aphezulu, thenga ngaphezu kwama-flakes avamile, futhi nezithako zemifino bese uzondla kabili ngesonto.
Kufanele wondle izinhlanzi zakho kanye noma kabili ngosuku, nokudla okuningi kuphela abangakudla ngemizuzu emibili. Ungabondla okusanhlamvu ekuseni nokudla okubandayo kusihlwa.
Ungaphakeli izinhlanzi zakho uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lokudla, ngoba lokhu kuzoholela ekusweleni komsoco. Kufanele ushintshe phakathi kwama-flakes, uphile, ufriziwe, ukudla kwezitshalo.
Ukweqa ngokweqile izinhlanzi zakho kungaholela ezinkingeni zezempilo futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yamanzi ku-aquarium yakho. Ukulandela lo mthetho ongenhla, kufanele kube nezinsalela zokudla e-aquarium, kepha uma kukhona, ungavele uzisuse ukuze zingazinzi phansi ziqale ukubola.
Uma ufry ku-aquarium yakho, futhi udinga ukucabanga ngokuthi ungabondla kanjani.
Bazodinga ukondliwa kancane, kepha kaningi. Ungabaphakela ukudla okufana nokwabantu abadala, kepha kufihliwe, noma ungathenga ukudla okukhethekile ngefry. Zondle cishe izikhathi ezine kuya kwezihlanu ngosuku.
Ngokwehlukile, ngithanda ukusho ngokudla okomile - lokhu akuyona ukudla okunegama, kepha yi-daphnia eyomisiwe, evame ukuthengiswa ezimakethe zezinkukhu. Ngeluleka ngokuqinile ngokungondli izinhlanzi ukudla okunjalo, ngisho negupeshek. Ayinawo amavithamini, izakhamzimba, futhi empeleni iyigobolondo nje elomisiwe. Kuvutha umgudu wokugaya ukudla ezinhlanzini bese ziyafa.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Indawo yabo yemvelo isemanzini afudumele, ahlanzekile aseNingizimu Melika, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuphindaphinda lezi zimo ku-aquarium yakho ukuze ubanikeze imvelo engokwemvelo kakhulu.
Ama-guppies akhetha amanzi anezinga lokushisa elingama-25 kuye kwangama-27 ° C kanye noveli kasawoti olingana nesipuni esisodwa ngamalitha angama-20. Kepha akudingeki usebenzise usawoti nhlobo (angikaze ngiwasebenzise). Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi ezishisayo, ama-guppies athanda amanzi afudumele (22-25 ° C), kepha angahlala ebangeni elibanzi elingu-19.0-29.0 ° C.
Uzodinga ukusebenzisa i-heater ukugcina amanzi efudumele ngenkathi ebandayo. Hlala njalo ufake i-heater ngakolunye uhlangothi lwethangi ne-thermometer kolunye uhlangothi ukuze uhlole ukuthi amanzi ashisa ngokulinganayo.
Ngokuqondene nemingcele yamanzi, lokhu akubalulekile kumafomu ajwayelekile. Zivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo zendawo kangangokuba ukuthuthela ku-aquarium entsha kungabekezelelwa ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Kuzoba kuhle uma i-aquarium ine: pH 7.0 - 8.5, nobulukhuni 12.0 - 18.0, kepha imingcele ingahluka ngokuphelele, engeke iphazamise impilo nokuzala. Ngenkathi bekwazi ukubekezelela imingcele eminingi yamanzi ne-pH kusuka ku-5.5 kuye ku-8.5, i-pH yabo ekahle kakhulu iphakathi kuka-7.0 no-7.2.
I-aquarium ingaba ncane, futhi amalitha angama-20 anele izinhlanzi ezi-5. Kepha, uma ivolumu iba nkulu, izinhlanzi eziningi ongazigcina futhi zizobukeka zihle ngokwengeziwe.
Kungcono ukuba nezitshalo eziningi e-aquarium, ngoba lokhu kuzofana nendawo yemvelo futhi kuzokhulisa kakhulu izinga lokusinda kwefry ku-aquarium ejwayelekile. Ukukhanyisa kungaba yinoma yini kusuka ekukhanyeni kuze kube ntambama.
Njengezinhlanzi eziningi, uzodinga futhi isihlungi - uhlobo olikhethayo luzoya ngosayizi wethangi lakho nokuthanda kwakho. Isihlungi sangaphakathi sizosebenzela ama-aquariums amaningi. Uma ugcina izinhlanzi zakho ethangini elikhulu (ngaphezulu kwamalitha ayi-100), ungahle uthande ukucabanga ukusebenzisa isihlungi sangaphandle. Kungcono ukuvala izimbobo ezikuyo ngensimbi eyengeziwe enhle, ngoba isihlungi esinamandla asikwazi nje ukuncela in gazinga, kepha ngisho nenhlanzi yabantu abadala.
AmaGuppies awakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inhlanzi yokufunda, kepha akunangqondo ukuwagcina ngababili. Incane ngosayizi futhi ngamanani amancane icishe ingabonakali ku-aquarium.
Kunomthetho olula wokuqukethwe - iningi labo e-aquarium, libukeka lihlaba umxhwele futhi lihle.
Uhlobo lwe-substrate olikhethayo lincike ngokuphelele kokuthandayo. Imidlwane isebenzisa isikhathi sayo esiningi iphakathi noma ngaphezulu kwethangi.
Ngaphandle kwezimo zokugcina, qiniseka ukuthi uhlanza ithangi lakho masonto onke futhi wenze ushintsho lwamanzi oluncane olubalelwa kuma-25%.
Ukuhambisana
Inhlanzi enokuthula kakhulu engadali inkinga komakhelwane. Kepha angacasulwa, ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi ezinkulu nezidlayo, lapho i-gupeshek ibona njengokudla kuphela.
Ngakho-ke akufanelekile ukugcinwa nezinhlanzi ezinjenge-mecherot, i-giant gourami, i-pangasius noma ibhola loshaka.
Futhi, awukwazi ukugcina nezinhlanzi ezinganqamula amaphiko abesilisa - iSumatran barbus, iDenisoni barbus, ibhari yomlilo, enye i-gourami, ngokwesibonelo ukuqabula, ameva.
Bazwana kakhulu nezinhlanzi ezinokuthula nezincane: - ama-rasbora, amakhadinali, amaCongo, ama-neon, ama-cherry barbs, i-catfish enemibala, ama-tarakatum.
Iningi labantu eligcina le nhlanzi likwenza lokho ngoba liyayithanda imibala egqamile yabesilisa. Uma uzigcina ngokubukeka kwazo kuphela, sincoma ukuthi ugcine abesilisa kuphela.
Uma ufuna ukuwagcina ngezimfanzi, khona-ke ama-guppies ngokwawo ngeke alimaze noma yiluphi uhlobo lwe-shrimp, ngisho nama-cherries. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu zezimfanzi zingazingela izinhlanzi. Ingasaphathwa eyokhaladi, lapho imidlwane kuzoba nje ukudla.
Izifo ze-Guppy
Ama-Guppies ayizinhlanzi eziqinile kakhulu, kepha imisila yawo emide ingabenza bathambekele ekutholeni izifo zokukhunta.
I-Semolina ivamile phakathi kwalezi zinhlanzi. Lesi yisifo lapho amachashazi amancane amhlophe akhula khona esikhunjeni senhlanzi, futhi uzobona ukuthi bahlikihla umzimba wabo ezintweni. Umzimba wonke wezinhlanzi ungathi ufafazwe nge-semolina.
Ukususa i-semolina, ungasebenzisa imishanguzo etholakala esitolo sakho sasekhaya sezilwane. Ayikho iresiphi ethize, ngoba izinhlobo zama-semolina ziyahlukahluka futhi ziphathwa ngezindlela ezihlukile.
Babuye bathambekele emaphikweni okubola; umsila uzobukeka sengathi udabukile. Futhi, lokhu kungaphathwa ngokwelashwa futhi kuvinjelwe ngokukhetha abalingani bamathangi abafanele abangayincishi imisila yabo.
Ukunciphisa amathuba okungena kwezifo emanzini akho:
- Gcina izimo zokushisa ezifanele.
- Shintsha amanzi bese uhlunga isihlungi njalo.
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi hlambulula yonke into noma uyihlukanise ngaphambi kokufaka ethangini lakho.
- Gcina amazinga okuxineka kwezinhlanzi zakho ephansi.
- Bondle ngokudla okuhlukahlukene.
- Ungabasebenzisi ngokweqile.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Ama-Guppies akhombisa ukufiphala kocansi. Ukwehlukanisa owesifazane kowesilisa kulula kakhulu. Abesilisa bancane, bancane, banomphetho omkhulu we-caudal, kanti i-anal iye yaphenduka i-gonopodium (cishe, lena yipayipi lapho abesilisa bezinhlanzi ezi-viviparous befaka khona abesifazane).
Abesifazane bakhulu, banesisu esikhulu futhi esibonakalayo, futhi imvamisa umbala waso uphaphathekile.
Ngisho nezinsizwa zingahlukaniswa kusenesikhathi, imvamisa lezo ezithosiwe ezingokokuqala ukuba nombala kuzoba ngabesilisa.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Imidlwane inesistimu yokukhwelana ebizwa nge-polyandry, lapho abesifazane behlangana nabesilisa abaningi. Ukukhwelana okuningi kuzuzisa abesilisa ngoba impumelelo yokuzala yabesilisa ihlobene ngqo nenani lezikhathi lapho zikhwelana khona.
Imidlwane iyizinto eziphilayo eziningi kakhulu. Isikhathi sokumitha sowesifazane imvamisa siyizinsuku ezingama-21-30, sihluka kakhulu kuye ngezimo zokuboshwa.Ama-guppies abesilisa, njengamanye amalungu omndeni wasePoeciliidae, anesisindo se-tubular esishintshiwe, esibizwa nge-gonopodium, esingemuva nje kwephiko lwesisu. IGonopodia inesakhiwo esifana nesiteshi lapho izigaxa zesidoda zidluliselwa kwabesifazane.
Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, imidlwane yabesifazane ingagcina isidoda emaqandeni abo, engaqhubeka nokuvundisa amaqanda isikhathi esiyizinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. Ngenxa yendlela yokugcina isidoda, abesilisa bayakwazi ukuzala ngemuva kokushona, okungukuthi, owesifazane angazala owesilisa esikhathini eside ngemuva kokufa kwakhe, okwenza umnikelo omkhulu ekuziphatheni kokuzala kwabantu abaningi bama-guppies asendle.
Enye yezinhlanzi okulula ukuzikhulisa ngama-guppies ajwayelekile, kulula kakhulu ukufuya ezindaweni zasemanzini.
Iqiniso ukuthi ziyi-viviparous, okungukuthi, insikazi ithwala amaqanda esiswini sayo, futhi nefry eyakhiwe ngokuphelele isivele izelwe.
Ngamahora okuqala uzolala phansi afihle, kepha kungekudala uzoqala ukubhukuda adle.
Ukufuya lezi zinhlanzi udinga ... owesilisa nowesifazane. Noma kungenjalo, owesilisa oyedwa osemncane futhi osebenzayo wenele ukukhwela abesifazane aba-3-5 ngokungakhathali.
Lokho wukuthi, ngokuzala ngempumelelo, kungenzeka ukugcina owesilisa oyedwa kwabesifazane aba-3-5. Kungenzeka abesilisa abaningi, ngoba abesilisa abalwi bodwa, kodwa bancintisana kuphela. Uzobona ukuthi owesilisa uxosha kanjani owesifazane ngokungakhathali, kepha lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile futhi awudingi ukwenza lutho ngakho.
Iqiniso ukuthi ngesikhathi sokushushiswa okunjalo, uvundisa owesifazane futhi kungekudala uzobe usuthosa.
Kuthatha ini ukuthi izithandani zizale? Amanzi ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile, ukondla okuhle nokuchichimayo nezinhlanzi ezimbalwa zobulili obuhlukile.
Njengomthetho, ama-guppies azala ngempumelelo e-aquarium ejwayelekile ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza komnikazi. Kepha, babuye badle nefry yabo, kanti nomakhelwane, uma bekhona, bazosiza. Ngakho-ke, abesifazane abakhulelwe bangcono e-aquarium ehlukile.
Ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi unowesifazane okhulelwe? Owesifazane okhulelwe, indawo eseduze ne-anus iqala ukuba mnyama, amehlo e-gazinga ekhulayo asevele ebonakala, futhi kumnyama kakhulu, uzobeletha ngokushesha.
Beka umama ku-aquarium ehlukile, ngamanzi afanayo kanye nezihlahlana zezitshalo, lapho gazinga lingamfihlela (yebo, angadla izingane zakhe). Lapho kufika umnqamulajuqu (mhlawumbe kuze kufike enyangeni, uma ngabe ubusheshe ukumtshala), uzobeletha ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Masinyane ngemuva kokubeletha, insikazi kufanele ivinjezelwe. Ukunakekelwa kwamafry kulula kakhulu, kanye nabazali.
Ungayondla kanjani gazinga? Ungabondla ngamaqebelengwane aqoshwe kahle (owondla abazali bakho), kepha kungcono ngeqanda elomile noma ngokudla okunophawu lwenkukhu. Qaphela ukuthi kukhona insalela yesikhathi esedlule njengokudla okomile.
I-daphnia eyomile nama-cyclops futhi isengatholakala ngokuhweba. Ngakho-ke, ukondla ifry ngalo doti akukhuthazwa nakancane. Inani lokudla okunomsoco lapho liphakeme kancane kuneqanda, empeleni, iyi-analog yenqama. Ngabe uzokhula kakhulu uma udla inqama eyodwa? Kungashiwo okufanayo nangezinhlanzi ezindala.
Kuyadingeka ukuwahlanza njalo ukuze izinsalela zesondlo zingonakalisi amanzi. Ungathumela futhi iminenke kule aquarium, njenge-ampullarium noma ikhoyili. Abathinti gazinga, futhi izinsalela zokudla zizodla.
Lizalwa kanjani ifry:
Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi ahlanzeke, kepha awukwazi ukushintsha okuningi futhi ngokushesha, ngoba gazinga lisabuthaka futhi ushintsho olukhulu lwamanzi luyingozi kubo. Indlela elula ukushintsha cishe u-10% wamanzi njalo ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili, noma ama-25% kanye ngesonto.
Ukushisa kwamanzi ngefry kubaluleke kakhulu, futhi udinga ukukugcina ezingeni lika-24-26.5 C.
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nangokondliwa, gazinga kukhula ngokushesha futhi ngemuva kwenyanga nengxenye kuqala ukungcola.
Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nemishwana
Hlobo luni lwezinhlanzi ongazigcina nazo?
Ezinye izinhlobo sezivele zibaliwe ngenhla, kepha usengabona i-athikili - izinhlanzi eziyi-10 ezihamba phambili zabaqalayo, konke okukulolu hlu kukufanele okuqukethwe.
Wazi kanjani ukuthi i-guppy ikhulelwe noma isizobeletha?
Imvamisa, insikazi izala gazinga kanye ngenyanga, kepha isikhathi singahluka ngokuya ngamazinga okushisa kwamanzi nezimo zokuboshwa. Qaphela isikhathi selokhu agcina ukubeletha nokugcina. Kwowesifazane okulungele ukuzalwa okusha, indawo iba mnyama, amehlo e-gazinga ayabonakala.
Uphefumula kanjani umdlwane?
Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi - umoya-mpilo oncibilikiswe emanzini, ungakhohlwa ukuvula i-aeration nokuhlunga.
Ahlala isikhathi esingakanani amantombazane?
Cishe iminyaka emibili, kepha konke kuya ngezimo kanye nokushisa. Ukuphakama kwamazinga okushisa kwamanzi, impilo yabo imfushane. Ezinye izinhlanzi ziphila kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu.
Kaningi kangakanani ukondla imidlwane?
Nsuku zonke, ezingxenyeni ezincane kabili noma kathathu ngosuku. Isibonelo, ekuseni nakusihlwa.
Kanye ngesonto, ungahlela usuku olulambile, kepha khumbula ukuthi izinhlanzi zizokufuna ngenkuthalo ukudla futhi ukuthosa kwazo kuzoba izisulu zokuqala.
Kungani imidlwane inemisila edabukile?
Kungaba nezizathu eziningi, kepha okuvame kakhulu amanzi amadala, angaguquki kakhulu. Ama-ammonia nama-nitrate aqoqana kuwo, futhi afaka ubuthi ezinhlanzini aqede amaphiko. Shintsha amanzi njalo abe ngamanzi ahlanzekile.
Kungase kube nezinguquko zamanzi ngokungazelelwe, ukulimala, noma ukondliwa kahle uma amavithamini ephansi.
Uma inhlanzi ilahlekelwe ngumsila, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso esethusayo - noma ngabe othile uyayinquma, futhi udinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela inhlanzi egcinwe ngayo, noma inesifo esithathelwanayo, futhi udinga ukubhekisisa ezinye izinhlanzi.
Kungani i-guppy inomsila onamathelayo?
Futhi - kungaba amanzi amadala futhi angcolile, noma ukutheleleka, noma ukungondli kahle. Zama ukushintsha u-20% wamanzi kanye ngesonto futhi ubheke impilo yezinye izinhlanzi.
Kungani i-guppy inomgogodla ogobile?
Izinhlanzi ezinjalo zitholakala cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo, njengomthetho, lokhu kuyiphutha kusukela ekuzalweni. Uma lokhu kwenzeka enhlanzini yabantu abadala, lokhu kungahle kube ngenxa yokuthi kugcinwa ku-aquarium eminyene kakhulu, nenani elikhulu lezinhlanzi.
Imvamisa, umgogodla nawo ugoba kusukela ekugugeni, futhi lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile, kepha imbangela evame kakhulu isifo sofuba senhlanzi noma i-mycobacteriosis.
Lesi sifo siyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ukwelashwa kwaso akulula, asilethi imiphumela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kungcono ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlanzi ukuze ugweme ukusabalalisa ukutheleleka.
Kungani imidlwane izala abesifazane kuphela?
Impendulo ngqo yalo mbuzo ayitholakalanga. Ngokusobala ngokweqile kwabesilisa, imithetho yemvelo ivuliwe futhi inani labantu linxephezela abesifazane ukuze lizigcine.
Ungagcina kuphela i-guppy eyodwa ku-aquarium?
Kungenzeka, yize kubukeka ngandlela thile kudabukisa ...
Noma kunjalo, yinhlanzi ejabule futhi ephilayo ethanda inkampani. Uma ufuna inhlanzi engaba yinhle, ingathobeki futhi iziphilele ngokumangalisayo, bese ubheka i-cockerel.
Ngabe ama-guppies adinga i-oxygen nesihlungi?
Akuphoqelekile, kepha kuyathandeka. Ungathenga isihlungi esingabizi, sangaphakathi ngendwangu yokugeza. Izokwenza imisebenzi yayo ngokwanele futhi ngeke imunce izinhlanzi.
Uyacelwa ukuthi wazi ukuthi uma uthenge isihlungi, futhi sibekwa ngaphezulu (ukuze indawo yamanzi e-aquarium iqhubeke), awudingi ukuthenga i-aeration eyengeziwe noma, i-oxygen elula.
Ngabe imidlwane idinga inhlabathi nezitshalo?
Kukhetha kwakho. I-aquarium engenalutho kulula ukuyihlanza, kepha kubukeka kubi kakhulu, i-gazinga ayiphili kuyo, futhi ama-gupesh ngokwawo athanda ukuzwa phakathi kwezitshalo. Ngifuna i-aquarium enenhlabathi nezitshalo.
Ingabe i-guppy idinga ukukhanya?
Cha, izinhlanzi azidingi ukukhanya nhlobo, ngaphandle kokuwela ku-aquarium emini. Izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya ukuze zikhule.
Imidlwane iyazala?
Cha, ziyi-viviparous. Lokho wukuthi, gazinga lizalwa lilungele ngokuphelele impilo futhi lingabhukuda ngokushesha.
Kwesinye isikhathi iwela eqandeni, kodwa iyaphuka bese iyantanta. Kwesinye isikhathi uba ne-yolk sac, ayigaye ngokushesha.
Ingabe imidlwane ilala?
Yebo, kepha hhayi njengabantu. Lokhu kungukuphumula okusebenzayo, lapho izinhlanzi zinciphisa umsebenzi ebusuku, kepha zisabhukuda.
Futhi kungcono ukucisha isibani ebusuku, yize abanye bengakwenzi, kepha ngabe kumnyama ngemvelo ebusuku?
I-guppy izala mangaki amafry?
Kuya ngesifazane, iminyaka yakhe nosayizi. Imvamisa cishe izingcezu ezingama-30-50, kepha kwesinye isikhathi izingcezu eziyi-100.
Mangaki ama-guppy gazinga akhulayo?
Kushesha kakhulu ezimweni ezinhle. Abesilisa bavuthwa ngokocansi ezinyangeni ezimbili, nabesifazane kwabathathu.
Ngabe imidlwane ingagcinwa emanzini olwandle?
Cha, abekezelela kahle amanzi anosawoti kancane, kepha afela olwandle, lena yinhlanzi yasemanzini angenasawoti.
Kungani ama-guppies ebhukuda ngaphezulu?
Baphefumula umoya-mpilo oncibilikiswe emanzini, futhi i-aquarium yakho ayinakho. Ngenxa yani? Mhlawumbe kushisa kakhulu, mhlawumbe awuhlanzanga i-aquarium noma ushintshe amanzi isikhathi eside, mhlawumbe kuminyene kakhulu.
Qinisekisa ukuvula i-aeration noma ukuhlunga (beka isihlungi eduze kwamanzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushintshaniswa kwegesi) bese ushintsha amanye amanzi ngamanzi amasha.
Kungani ama-guppies eqa aphume emanzini?
Bangakwenza lokhu ngengozi nangenxa yamanzi amabi - ngokwesibonelo, uma ingashintshiwe isikhathi eside futhi inhlabathi ingazange iphangwe ku-aquarium.
Futhi, isizathu kungaba inani elincane lomoya-mpilo emanzini, funda ngalokhu ngenhla.
Kungani umsila weguppy unamathele noma wanamathela ndawonye?
Ngeshwa, isizathu esiqondile ngeke sabizwa ngegama, noma ngabe i-aquarium iseduze kwakho. Lokhu kungaba wukudla okungafanele (ukudla okuyisidina, ukudla okomile kuphela noma inala), kungahle kube nemingcele yamanzi engafanele (i-ammonia eningi), noma kungahle kube nesifo.
Okungenani okudingeka kwenziwe ukushintsha amanye amanzi, ukuhluza inhlabathi nokushintsha uhlobo lokudla.
Hlobo luni lwe-catfish ongayigcina nemidlwane?
Noma iziphi ezincane. I-catfish enkulu noma engaphansi, cishe ngaphandle kwezilwane ezizingelayo. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yi-tarakatum, kungenzeka ukuyigcina nezinhlanzi ezincane.
Yebo, noma yimaphi ama-corridors, ngokwesibonelo amachashazi, azohambisana kahle nama-viviparous futhi azoba wusizo olukhulu, adle izinsalela zokudla kusuka ezansi.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-guppy gazinga?
Abathobekile kunabo bonke abathosiwe, basinda endle. Kepha, uma uguqula njalo amanzi, nikeza ukudla okwanele ukuze badle emaminithini ambalwa bese bondla ifry kabili noma kathathu ngosuku, khona-ke bazokhula ngokushesha, bakufake umbala futhi bakuthokozise.
Ungayondla kanjani i-guppy gazinga?
Akunabunzima ekuphakeleni, badla ama-flakes achotshoziwe, kepha kungcono ukunikeza i-brine shrimp nauplii noma ukusika i-tubifex.
