I-Kurzhaar noma i-German Pointer (i-Kurzhaar yaseJalimane, izinwele ezimfushane, i-English German Shorthaired Pointer) uhlobo lwenja eyafuywa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 eJalimane. Izidladla ezisheshayo nezinamandla, ziyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha futhi zijike masinyane. Kuyinja eguquguqukayo yesibhamu eyadalelwa ukuzingela kuphela, yize namuhla iqhubeka ngokugcinwa njengenja ehambisana nayo.
Izifushaniso
- Isikhombi esifushane saseJalimane siwuhlobo olunamandla kakhulu. Udinga ihora elilodwa lomsebenzi nsuku zonke, ukugijima ngaphandle kwe-leash. Futhi lokhu ubuncane.
- Ngaphandle kokusebenza, uwela ekucindezelekeni, ekuziphatheni nasenkingeni yezempilo.
- Bayabathanda abantu futhi abathandi ukuhlala bodwa, ikakhulukazi isikhathi eside. Bahlakaniphile futhi bangazitholela ukuzijabulisa ngenkathi ungekho. Futhi ngeke uyithande.
- Zikhonkotha impela impela. Ukungathembi abantu ongabazi futhi kungaba yizinja ezinhle zokuqapha. Kodwa-ke, abanalo ulaka.
- Ama-Bitches ajwayele ukuvikela kakhulu imidlwane yawo futhi ngokuvamile abusa kakhulu.
- Bayazithanda izingane, kepha imidlwane iyasebenza kakhulu futhi ingahlasela izingane ezincane ingahlosile.
- Kuyinja enhle kakhulu yokuzingela ekwazi ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene.
Umlando wozalo
I-Kurzhaar ivela ezinhlotsheni zasendulo zezinja futhi ihluke kakhulu kubo. Okhokho bohlanga babeyizinja zokuzingela phakathi kwezikhulu zaseJalimane nase-Austrian futhi akukho datha ngazo ezisindile.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kuncane okwaziwayo ngemvelaphi yezikhombi, ithiyori ethe xaxa. Amaqiniso ukuthi aqhamuka kulokho manje okuyiJalimane futhi aqala ukulinganiswa endaweni ethile phakathi kuka-1860 no-1870.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwezibhamu, izinja zokuzingela zaseYurophu zahlukaniswa zaba izinhlobo ezintathu. Izinja ze-pickling noma ze-greyhound ezizingelwa epaketheni ikakhulukazi zomdlalo omkhulu: izimpisi, izingulube zasendle, izinyamazane.
Umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukujaha lesi silo futhi basibambe kuze kufike abazingeli, noma bazingele bona bodwa.
Ama-Hound awalandelanga isisulu esikhulu kangako, kepha esheshayo: ama-hares, onogwaja. Babengakhathali futhi benomuzwa omuhle wokuhogela. Amaphoyinti asetshenziselwa ukuzingela izinyoni, njengoba enza nanamuhla.
Umsebenzi wephoyisa kwakungukuthola le nyoni, ngemuva kwalokho yalala phambi kwayo, futhi umzingeli wayimboza inyoni ngenetha. Kwavela kumkhuba wokulala phansi lapho igama lavela khona - iphoyisa.
Olunye lwezinhlobo ezikhethekile ekubambeni izinyoni emahlathini aminyene kwakuyi-Spanish Pointer. Kuncane okwaziwayo ngalolu hlobo, kuphela ukuthi bazingela izinyoni nezilwane ezincane nazo. Kukholakala ukuthi bavele eSpain, mhlawumbe kusuka emaphoyiseni nasendaweni yaseSpain, kepha alukho ulwazi oluthembekile.
Olunye uhlobo lwezikhombi kwakuyizinja ezifuywa e-Italy: I-Bracco Italiano ne-Italian Spinone, mhlawumbe hhayi ngaphandle kosizo lwe-Spanish Pointer. Lezi zinhlobo zaziswa emazweni amaningi aseYurophu futhi zaba okhokho bezinye izinja zokuzingela. Kukholakala ukuthi okhokho baseKurzhaar kwakunguPointer waseSpain noBracco Italiano.
Isikhombi saseSpain sethulwa eJalimane ngekhulu le-15 kuya kwele-17, lapho sawela khona nezinja zendawo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuyona into edlula ukucabanga, ngoba ayikho idatha ethembekile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakhiwa uhlobo olusha, manje olwaziwa ngokuthi inja yezinyoni yaseJalimane.
Lezi zinja zazingeyona inzalo ngomqondo wanamuhla, kepha iqembu lezinja zasendaweni ezazisetshenziselwa ukuzingela izinyoni. Ngokungafani nabazingeli baseNgilandi, ababezama ukufuya izinhlobo ezikhethekile, abazingeli baseJalimane babelwela ukwenza izinto ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa, njengaseNgilandi ngaleso sikhathi, eJalimane ukuzingela kwakuyizicukuthwane nezicukuthwane.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinguquko zenzeka emphakathini futhi ukuzingela kwaphela ukuphela kwezikhulu kuphela, futhi imicu emaphakathi nayo yakuthola ukufinyelela kuyo. Futhi ukwanda kwezibhamu kushintshe yona kanye imigomo yokuzingela. Ukugcina amaphakethe amakhulu yinto yesikhathi esedlule; umuntu ohlala edolobheni ngaleso sikhathi ubekwazi ukuthenga inja eyodwa noma ezimbili ezincane.
Ngasikhathi sinye, wayezingela kanye noma kabili ngenyanga futhi ngesikhathi sakhe sokuphumula inja kwakufanele ikwazi ukwenza eminye imisebenzi noma okungenani ibe ngumngane wayo.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, abalimi baseNgilandi baqala ukugcina izincwadi zemihlambi kanye nokulinganisa izinhlobo zasendaweni.
Olunye lwezinhlobo zokuqala ezaziqiniswa kwakuyi-English Pointer, kusukela e-Pointing Dog (khumbula inetha) kuya enjaweni enhle yesibhamu.
Abazingeli baseJalimane baqala ukungenisa izikhombisi zesiNgisi bazisebenzisa ukuthuthukisa izinja zabo. Ngenxa yabo, amaKurzhaars aba nenhle futhi ashesha kakhulu.
Endaweni ethile kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, ama-Germany Pointers aqala ukuwela ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinwele, okwaholela ekubonakaleni kweDrathhaar. Ukwehlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezikhombi ezibushelelezi zazibizwa ngokuthi izikhombisi ezifushane.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imfashini yokwenza imigomo ifinyelele eYurophu, okokuqala eFrance, bese kuba ezifundeni nasemadolobheni ahlukahlukene azimele aseJalimane. Le nqubo yasheshiswa ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kweJalimane ngaphansi kobuholi bePrussia nokukhula kobuzwe.
Ngo-1860-1870, abalimi baseKurzhaar baqala ukugcina izincwadi zohlu lozalo. Ngenxa yabo, kancane kancane wakhula waba uhlobo esaziyo. Yaqala ukufakwa ohlwini ku-German Cynological Society ngo-1872 futhi yavela njalo emibukisweni kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa ikakhulukazi njengohlobo lwezinsizakalo.
I-English Kennel Club (UKC) yabhalisa amaKurzhaars ngo-1948, ebabiza njengezinja zezibhamu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-Pointer yaseJalimane yaya ngokuya yanda futhi ngo-1970 yayingenye yezinja zokuzingela ezivame kakhulu e-United States.
Ngo-2010, amaKurzhaars akleliswe endaweni yeshumi nesithupha kusilinganiso se-AKC (kwabangu-167 kungenzeka). Lezi yizinja ezinhle kakhulu zokuzingela, kepha ziyagcinwa njengezinja ezihambisana nazo. Ukuphakama kokuthandwa kwabo kudlulile, njengoba ukuphakama kokuthandwa kokuzingela kudlulile.
Kepha lokhu kungukuzala okunamandla futhi okusebenzayo okudinga ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, nokuzingela okungcono kakhulu, okwenzelwe kona. Akuwona wonke umuntu ohlala edolobheni okwazi ukumhlinzeka ngezinga elidingekayo lomsebenzi nokucindezeleka.
Incazelo yohlobo
I-German Shorthaired Pointer iyefana nezinye izinhlobo ze-Pointer, kodwa yehlukile kuzo ngejazi elifushane kakhulu. Le yinja enkulu ngokulingene, eyeduna ebunayo ifinyelela ku-66 cm, abesifazane besentimitha engama-60. Izinga le-English Kennel Club (UKC) labo bobabili abesilisa kanye namabhantshi lingama-intshi angama-21-24 (53.34-60.96 cm).
Abasubathi nabanomusa, isisindo sabo sishintsha kancane. Umsila ngokwesiko udokhiwe cishe u-40% wobude bemvelo, kepha lokhu kuyaphuma kancane emfashini futhi akuvunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Umsila wemvelo wobude obumaphakathi.
Inhloko nomlomo kufana nezikhombi, ngoba inzuzo kolunye uhlangothi ithinta izimfanelo zokusebenza. Ikhanda lilingana nomzimba, lincishisiwe kancane. Ukhakhayi luhlangana kahle kwisifonyo, ngaphandle kokuma.
Isifonyo sinde futhi sijulile, sivumela bobabili ukuthi balethe inyoni eboshwe futhi bayilandele ngempumelelo ngokuhogela.
Impumulo inkulu, imnyama noma nsundu, kuya ngombala wenja. Beka izindlebe, ubude obumaphakathi. Amehlo aphakathi nendawo ngosayizi omise okwe-alimondi. Umbono ophelele wohlobo: ubungane nobuhlakani.
Njengoba ungaqagela, ijazi lesikhombi esifushane saseJalimane lifushane. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye iphindwe kabili, inengubo yangaphansi emfushane futhi ethambile kanye nebhantshi langaphandle elithe ukuqina, eliqinile, elinamafutha kancane.
Inikeza inja ukuvikelwa esimweni sezulu esibi nasemakhazeni, naphezu kobude bayo obufushane, ngoba uwoyela awuyivumeli ukuba imanzi, futhi uyivikele nasezinambuzaneni. Ekuzingeleni, ekuhambeni, isikhombisi esifushane sifinyelela iqhwa phansi lize lifike ku -20C.
Umbala wejazi usuka kokumnyama kuye kobunsundu obumnyama (isibindi sesiNgisi), futhi namabala asakazeke emzimbeni.
Uhlamvu
I-German Shorthaired Pointer iyinja yesibhamu yokuzingela, ehlukahlukene. Bayabathanda abantu futhi banamathele kakhulu emndenini wabo, abakulungele ukuwulandela nomaphi lapho beya khona.
Bazama ukusondela kumnikazi, kwesinye isikhathi okudala izinkinga. Uma ushiya isikhombisi esifushane sisodwa wedwa isikhathi eside, bese eqala ukuba nesithukuthezi, acindezeleke bese eba nokuziphatha okulimazayo noma angahle akhale ngokubhora.
Maqondana nabantu ongabazi, zingahluka, kuye ngohlobo. Banesimilo esihle, banobungani, yize bengajahi ukufika esifubeni. Kunoma ikuphi, bahlala bekhetha umbuthano wabo nomndeni wabo.
Ngaphandle komphakathi ofanele, bangaba namahloni. Uma ilungu elisha livela emndenini, isikhathi esithile bahlala kude, kodwa ekugcineni bayalijwayela futhi banamathele kulo. Bangaba ngabalindi abahle, njengoba bezwela futhi benza umsindo lapho abantu abangabazi besondela, kepha banolaka oluncane futhi abakwazi ukuvikela indawo.
AmaKurzhaars ajwayele ukuzwana nezingane futhi akhe ubungani obuqinile. Bakulungele ukubekezelela imidlalo yabo enzima, kepha kuphela uma bejwayele izingane futhi bakhule ndawonye. Uma inja ingakhethekile, kuzodingeka uqaphele, njengoba izingane zingayethusa. Futhi, imidlwane yesikhombi esifushane akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu emindenini enezingane ezincane.
Bahlukaniswa ngomsebenzi wabo, amandla angenakuphikiswa futhi bangashaya ingane phansi ngenkathi idlala.
Iningi lezinkomba zaseJalimane lihambisana kahle nezinye izilwane, kufaka nezinja. Ngokukhuliswa okulungile, bangazwana kalula ngisho nezinja zobulili obufanayo. Ukubusa, ubudlova kanye nendawo akujwayelekile kubo. Kodwa-ke, abesilisa bangaba nolaka kwamanye amadoda, kepha kunalokho kube ukubonakaliswa kwawo kunokuhlaselwa kwangempela.
Kukhuliswe kahle, isikhombisi esifushane sinokubekezelela ezinye izilwane. Kepha, kuseyinja yokuzingela futhi umuzwa wayo unamandla. Akukhona ukuhlakanipha okukhulu ukushiya inja yakho yodwa nezilwane ezincane ezifana nonogwaja noma amagundane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangajaha amakati, futhi ubukhulu namandla avumela isikhombisi esifushane ukubulala leli kati. Khumbula ukuthi bangahle bangawaboni amakati akho asendlini (bawajwayele), bese bejaha omakhelwane.
Uhlobo oluhlakaniphile nolulula ukuqeqeshwa. Ucwaningo oluningi lwe-canine intelligence lubeka isikhombisi esifushane saseJalimane esiphakathi kuka-15 no-20 kusimo sezinja ezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Ukugcizelela ukuthi imidlwane ifunda ngokushesha kangakanani. Bazimisele ukujabulisa futhi abavamile ukuba nenkani.
Kodwa-ke, bafuna ukuqeqesha kancane kunezinye izinja zokuzingela futhi umnikazi kufanele abe phezulu kwamazinga abo.
Iqiniso ukuthi bayathathwa futhi bakhohlwe yikho konke, kufaka phakathi imiyalo yomnikazi. Isikhombi esinezinwele ezimfishane singanuka iphunga elithakazelisayo, sisithathe bese sinyamalala emehlweni ngokubabaza kweso.
Kuleli qophelo, ungena ngokuphelele entshisekelweni futhi angayishaya indiva imiyalo. Futhi uma inja ingathathi umnikazi njengomholi ongenamibandela, khona-ke isimilo siba sibi kakhulu.
Noma yimuphi umnikazi uzokutshela ukuthi le yinja enamandla kakhulu. UKurzhaar angalandela umzila ngokungakhathali, uthanda ukudlala futhi akwenze amahora amaningi.
I-German Shorthaired Pointer inelinye lamazinga aphakeme kakhulu emisebenzi yazo zonke izinhlobo zezinja, elilandela ezinye izinhlobo zokufuya.
Okungenani ihora lokuzivocavoca nsuku zonke, futhi ikakhulukazi amahora ambalwa - yilokho abakudingayo. Ngisho nokuhamba ibanga elide ngeke kubenelise, njengoba inja ikhetha ukugijima. Bazoba ngabangane abakhulu babagijimi, kepha ngombandela wokuthi bayabadedela.
Kuzoba nzima ukugcina isikhombisi esifushane efulethini. Zenzelwe impilo yegceke, futhi lapho igceke likhulu, liba ngcono. Ebusika, bangahlala edokodweni, uma kushubile. Kubalulekile ukuthi umnikazi akwazi ukunikeza inja umthwalo odingekayo.
Ngaphandle kwayo, inja izohlupheka, ayinandawo yokubeka amandla ayo futhi izothola lapho izoyibeka khona. Kepha ngeke uyithande. Ngokunikezwa ngosayizi namandla ayo, ngeke ivele ikulume izicathulo, kepha izokuququda itafula, isihlalo nosofa.
Nabo ngokwabo bathanda ukukhonkotha, futhi ngaphandle kokukhishwa kwamandla bangakwenza amahora amaningi, ngaphandle kokuma. Ngaphandle komsebenzi ofanele nenkululeko, isikhombisi esifushane sinamathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga zokuziphatha, ezengqondo nezempilo.
Uma ungakakulungeli ukuchitha isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora ngosuku ekuhambeni okunamandla, awunayo igceke elibanzi, kufanele ubheke olunye uhlobo. Kepha, kubantu abakhuthele, abazingeli, abagijimi be-marathon, abathandi bamabhayisikili, lena kuzoba inja ephelele.
Khumbula ukuthi lezi zinja zibalekela kalula egcekeni. Banethuku lokulihlola, umuzwa ojulile wephunga nobuchopho abuxhumene nephunga elithandekayo. Isikhombi saseJalimane sikwazi ukweqa uthango noma ukusiphephetha, ukuze nje sinuke.
Baziwa nangokuthi emzimbeni bakhula ngokushesha, nangokwengqondo - kancane. Imidlwane ikhula futhi ithole amandla kusenesikhathi, kwesinye isikhathi ishesha ngokushesha kunezinye izinhlobo. Kodwa-ke, kuthatha iminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu ukuyithuthukisa ngokuphelele i-psyche.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ungaba nenja yesibhamu eyakhiwe ngokuphelele eseyinja ekuziphatheni. Khumbula lokhu futhi uzilungiselele.
Ukunakekela
Uhlobo olungahlonipheki okufanele lunakekelwe. Akukho ukuzilungisa ngobungcweti, njengoba kufanele inja yokuzingela. Kwanele ukukama uboya ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuwasha kuphela uma kunesidingo. Ngemuva kokuzingelwa, inja kufanele ihlolwe ukuthi ayikho yini ukulimala, amanxeba, imikhaza. Naka ngokukhethekile izindlebe, okuthi, ngenxa yesimo sazo, zanqwabelana ukungcola.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukunakekelwa kuyafana nezinye izinhlobo. Ukuphela kwento ukuthi, bayasebenza kakhulu futhi badinga amanzi amaningi ukuphuza ukugwema ukuphelelwa amandla.
Zichitha kakhulu futhi uma wena noma amalungu omndeni une-allergies, okokuqala-ke thintana kakhulu nezinja ezindala. Ukuqonda ukuthi zikuthinta kanjani.
Ezempilo
Izikhombisi ezifushane zaseJalimane ziphilile impela, yize izintambo ezisebenzayo zingamelana kakhulu nezifo.
Isikhathi se-pointer esifushane yiminyaka eyi-12-14, okuyinto eningi kakhulu ngenja enkulu kangaka.
Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-GSPCA lukhombe phakathi kwezimbangela ezinkulu zokufa: umdlavuza u-28%, ukuguga u-19%, izifo zokugaya ukudla u-6%. Izifo ezivamile zibandakanya i-arthritis, i-hip dysplasia, isithuthwane, umdlavuza kanye nezifo zenhliziyo. Inani lezifo zofuzo liphansi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ezihlanzekile.
Njengezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu ezinesifuba esibanzi, izikhombisi ezifushane zithanda i-volvulus. Lesi simo esibi singelashwa ngokuhlinzwa kuphela futhi sidalwa yizizathu eziningi.
Kepha into eyinhloko ukondla okuningi bese kuba umsebenzi wenja. Zama ukondla ukudla okuncane futhi ungahambi nezinja zakho ngemuva kokudla.
