I-Kuvasz noma i-Hungarian kuvasz (i-English Kuvasz) iyinhlobo enkulu yezinja, izwe lakubo yiHungary. Uma phambilini bezisebenza njengezinja zokuqapha nokwelusa, namuhla sezizinja ezihambisana nazo.
Izifushaniso
- I-kuvasz yesiHungary idinga umnikazi othembekile, onolwazi, umuntu azomhlonipha.
- Zichitha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Lapho uvame ukuyixubha, kuzoba ehlanzekile nasekhaya.
- Njengezinye izinja ezinkulu, angahlushwa izifo ezihlangene. Zama ukungakhathali kakhulu imidlwane, ukunciphisa umsebenzi wazo, njengoba uhlelo lwazo lwemisipha lusakha nje futhi imithwalo eyeqile iyakhubaza.
- Abathandi abantu abangabazi futhi bayabasola. Ukulalela kubalulekile.
- Inja ezimele futhi engamabomu, i-Kuvasz noma kunjalo inamathele kakhulu emndenini.
- Uma ifakwa eketangeni, inja ingaba nolaka noma icindezeleke. Bazalelwa inkululeko futhi bayagijima. Indawo ekahle yokugcina yiyadi elikhulu elisendlini yangasese.
- I-Kuvasi ihlakaniphile futhi, njengezinye izinja ezelusayo, izimele. Ukuqeqesha kudinga isikhathi esiningi, umzamo nokubekezela.
- Bayazithanda izingane, kepha ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, akunconywa ukubagcina emindenini enezingane ezincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana nabantu kuyadingeka ukuze inja ijwayele ukubona imidlalo yezingane enomsindo.
Umlando wozalo
Umlando omningi wohlobo awaziwa, ngoba mdala kakhulu ukuthi imithombo ebhaliwe yayingekho ngaleso sikhathi. Ngisho nomsuka wegama udala impikiswano enkulu. Abanye bathi livela egameni lesiTurkey elithi kawasz, elisho ukuthi "unogada ohlomile", abanye bathi kuMagyar kuhlasela - "inja ngehhashi".
Futhi abanye, ukuthi lokhu kumane nje kungukuphelelwa yisikhathi kwenja yaseHungary. Okwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ama-kuvas ahlala eHungary kusukela ngesikhathi oMagyars befika lapho, beshiya izwe labo.
Akungabazeki ukuthi lolu hlobo lwathola izici zalo zesimanje eHungary. Kukholakala ukuthi iMagyars yafika lapho ngesikhathi sokubusa kweNkosi u-Apard, ngo-895. Ukutholwa kwemivubukulo kwangekhulu le-9 kufaka amathambo ezinja kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.
Lawa mathambo acishe afane nama-kuvasz anamuhla. Kepha izwe lakwaMagyars ngokwalo alikaziwa, okungenani kunemibono emibili ngemvelaphi yabo. Ngamunye ngamunye, bavela e-Iraq, ngakho-ke i-kuvasz ne-akbash zihlobene.
Ama-hungase aseHungary ayesebenza njengezinja zokwalusa, kepha umsebenzi wabo kwakuwukuvikela umhlambi ezilwaneni ezizingelayo, ikakhulukazi ezimpisini.
Ngakho-ke, izici ezivelele zohlobo: indawo, ubuhlakani, ukwesaba. Abantu baseHungary babethanda izinja ezinkulu, kwakudingeka babe bakhulu kunempisi ukuze banqobe impi. Futhi uboya bazo obumhlophe benza ukuthi kube lula ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwenja nomzingeli bese beyibona kusihlwa.
Ngekhulu le-XII, izizwe zamaCumans noma, njengoba sizazi kangcono, amaPechenegs, eza endaweni yaseHungary. Baxoshwa emaqeleni abo ngamabutho aseMongol ayesondela baletha izinhlobo zabo - izinhlamvu kanye neKomondor.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iKomondor yaba yinja engumalusi wasethafeni, kanye ne-kuvas yezifunda ezisezintabeni nenja yokuqapha yezicukuthwane. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ababaziyo baqala ukubazisa kakhulu kangangokuba benqabela abantu abavamile ukuba bazigcine. Inani eliphakeme lokuthandwa kwe-kuvasov liwela esikhathini sokubusa kweNkosi uMatias I Corvinus, kusuka ngo-1458 kuya ku-1490. Ukubulawa kwabantu abaqashiwe kwakuthandwa kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi kangangokuthi inkosi yayingabethembi ngisho nonogada bayo.
Kepha wayethemba ngokuphelele i-kuvasz futhi okungenani izinja ezimbili zazinaye njalo. Bamphelezela bayolala balala phambi komnyango, bemgadile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-kuvas aqaphe impahla yakhe, imihlambi futhi ahlanganyele ngezikhathi ezithile ekuzingeleni izimpisi namabhere.
Indlwana yasesibayeni sasebukhosini yayingenye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezihlonishwa kakhulu eYurophu yangenkathi ephakathi. Ngemizamo yakhe, ikhwalithi yalolu hlobo ifinyelele ezingeni elisha futhi yehlele kithi ngokungashintshi. Inkosi inikeze abanye izicukuthwane imidlwane, okubalwa nabangaphandle. Omunye walaba bahlonishwa kwakunguVlad the Impaler, owaziwa kangcono ngokuthi uDracula.
Ngemuva kwalokho iningi laseHungary lathunjwa yi-Ottoman Port futhi lagcina linqotshwe abase-Austrian. Ngenxa yalokho, kwavela uMbuso wase-Austro-Hungary, owawuthatha indawo yase-Austria, iHungary, iCzech Republic, iSlovakia, iSlovenia, iCroatia, iBosnia nezinye izingxenye zamanye amazwe.
Ngo-1883, uFerdinand Esterhazy, umlandeli omkhulu wohlobo, wavela naye okokuqala embukisweni wezinja. Ulethe ama-kuvas amabili eVienna, inhlokodolobha yase-Austria-Hungary. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, izinga lokuqala le-Hungarian kuvasse lakhiwa.
Ngaphandle kokuthandwa kohlobo lohlanga ezweni lakubo, aluzange lusakaze kweminye imibuso ejwayelekile.
Impi Yomhlaba Yokuqala yaqeda umbuso uqobo, izigidi zamaMagyars zaba izakhamuzi zamanye amazwe. Abokufika baletha izinja e-United States ngo-1920, kanti i-American Kennel Club (AKC) yabona lolu hlobo ngo-1931.
Impi Yesibili Yomhlaba yacishe yacekela phansi uhlobo. Ukulwa nendlala kwabulala izinja eziningi, ezinye zathunjwa amasosha aseJalimane athumela imidlwane emakhaya abo.
Babevame ukubulala izinja ezindala lapho kuqala ithuba, njengoba babevikela kabi imindeni yabo. Le mibhalo ithi ukuqothulwa kwabantu kuthathe isilinganiso sokuqothulwa kohlanga.
Ngemuva kwenkululeko, iHungary yawela ngemuva kwe-Iron Curtain futhi ama-vass cishe anyamalala ezweni labo.
Abanikazi befemu babefuna ukuzisebenzisa njengabalindi, kodwa ukuthola izinja kwakungelula. Ngokubambisana, basesha ezweni lonke, kodwa bakwazi ukuthola abantu abaningana.
Yize isibalo esiqondile sisalokhu singacaci, kukholakala ukuthi bebengekho ngaphezu kuka-30 futhi bengaphansi kuka-12. Le nombolo ibandakanya izinja ezathengwa eJalimane.
Umnotho wawusungenamsebenzi futhi babengashintshaniswa ngogwayi, ukudla, uphethiloli. Ubunzima babukhona nokuthi iHungary yayiphethwe ngamasosha aseSoviet, kanti i-kuvasz iwuphawu lwezwe, izinto ezizimele kanye nokuzimela. Kodwa-ke, laba bazalisi bakwazile ukubuyisa uhlobo kodwa kancane kancane.
Intuthuko nayo yayincane ngoba ubumpofu babungavumeli ukufuywa kwezinja ezinkulu kangaka, ngoba lokhu kwakungekho ndawo, kungekho kudla.
Izwe labuya kancane kancane kwathi ngo-1965, i-United Kennel Club (UKC) yalubona lolu hlobo. Ngo-1966 kwasungulwa iKuvukz Club of America (KCA). Naphezu kokuthandwa kwayo okukhulayo, lolu hlobo lusengavamile.
Kukholakala ukuthi eHungary inani labantu lisondele kuleso esasikhona ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II, kodwa kwamanye amazwe sincane kakhulu. Ngo-2010, iHungary Kuvasz yabeka inani le-144 enanini lezinja ezibhaliswe ne-AKC, ezinhlotsheni ezingaba ngu-167.
Njengezinye izinhlobo zasendulo, ivumelane nokuphila kwanamuhla futhi namuhla ayisebenzi njengenja yokwelusa. Namuhla bayizinja ezihambisanayo, abalindi kanye nabavikeli bempahla.
Incazelo
I-Kuvasz uhlobo olukhulu kakhulu, abesilisa ababunayo bafinyelela kuma-70 - 76 cm bese benesisindo esingu-45 - 52 kg. Ama-bitches mancane, kubuna ama-65 - 70 cm, anesisindo sama-32 - 41 kg. Yize ama-specimens amakhulu engajwayelekile, i-Kuvasz ngokuvamile ayibukeki iqoqekile njengezinye izinhlobo ezinkulu futhi ishesha kakhulu ukushesha.
Umlomo kaKuvukzz useduze nokubuyisa kunokuvikela izinja ezivela eqenjini le-mastiff. Ubhekwa njengomhlobiso wenja futhi embukisweni unikezwa ukunakwa okukhethekile. Isifonyo siside, sibanzi, sinekhala elimnyama.
Itholakala ekhanda elibunjiwe. Kwezinye izinja, isikhumba ebusweni singahle sibe side, kepha imibimbi akufanele yakheke. Amehlo afana ne-alimondi, anombala onsundu, kumnyama kangcono. Izindlebe zimise okwe-V, zinamathiphu ayindilinga.
Ijazi liphindwe kabili, ijazi langaphansi lithambile, ihembe langaphandle liqinile. Kwezinye izinja kuqondile, kwezinye kungahle kube yi-wavy.
Esifubeni, izindlebe, izidladla nezingaphambili, izinwele zifushane. Emzimbeni wonke ungobude obuphakathi nendawo, emilenzeni yangemuva yakha iphenti, emsileni yinde kancane, nasesifubeni nasentanyeni kukhona umhlwenga obonakalayo.
Ubude bangempela bejazi buyahlukahluka unyaka wonke, njengoba izinja eziningi zichitha ehlobo futhi zikhule futhi ekwindla.
I-Kuvasz kufanele ibe nombala owodwa kuphela - omhlophe. Amamaki ejazi noma e-shades awavunyelwe. Ezinye izinja zingaba ngamazinyo endlovu, kepha lokhu akufiseleki. Umbala wesikhumba ngaphansi kwejazi kufanele ube mpunga noma ube mnyama kancane.
Lolu wuhlobo olusebenzayo futhi kufanele lubukeke lufanelekile. Umzimba unemisipha futhi uzacile, umsila mude futhi uvame ukuthwalwa uphansi. Uma inja iyaluza, bese eyiphakamisela ezingeni lomzimba.
Uhlamvu
IHungary Kuvasz ibiyinja egadayo amakhulu, uma kungenjalo izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Futhi isimilo sakhe silungele le nsizakalo. Bathembeke ngendlela eyisimanga emndenini wabo, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni zabo. Kodwa-ke, uthando ludlulela kwababo kuphela, kubantu abangabazi bahlukanisiwe.
Nokho, konke kugcina ekusithekeni, kuyaqabukela babonise ulaka oluqondile. UKuvukasi uyaqonda ukuthi ngubani isivakashi esimenyiwe futhi uyasibekezelela, kancane kancane bajwayela abantu abasha.
Ukuhlalisana kahle kwabantu nokuqeqeshwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuliseni lolu hlobo, kungenjalo isazela sizobenza bangahlangani. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bangabusa, ngisho namalungu omndeni wabo. Zidinga ukubekwa endaweni njalo, uma kungenjalo bazoba ngabadelelayo. Okokuqala, kungumvikeli, futhi kukho konke inja ekubheka njengosongo.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi badinga ukugcinwa kude nemidlalo yezingane enomsindo futhi esebenzayo. Inja ingababona njengosongo enganeni futhi iziphathe kahle. Ukuthi baziphatha kahle ngezingane zakho akusho ukuthi bazokwenza okufanayo kubantu ongabazi.
Uma i-kuvasz ikhule nezinja endlini, ubabheka njengamalungu ephakethe. Kodwa-ke, maqondana nabantu ongabazi, uzoba yindawo futhi abe nolaka kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma ngabe bangabangani, ukubusa kuzokwenza ukuthi i-kuvasz ihlukumeze enye inja, ingasaphathwa eyomunye umuntu ... Ngakho-ke ukuqeqeshwa kubalulekile, kanjalo nokuzijabulisa.
I-Kuvasz ingalimaza kakhulu futhi ibulale ngisho nezinja ezinkulu kakhulu, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu lapho uhlangana nazo.
Njengenja yokwalusa, i-kuvasz izwana nezinye izilwane, imvamisa iba ngaphansi kwesivikelo sayo. Kodwa-ke, bangacindezela kakhulu amakati. Njengezinja zabanye abantu, abazwani nezilwane zabanye abantu, ikakhulukazi uma behlasela insimu yakhe.
Ngaphandle kokuthi ekuqaleni bazozama ukwethusa umfokazi, bangasebenzisa amandla ngaphandle kokungabaza. Bayakwazi ukubulala impisi ... amakati, onogwaja, izimpungushe abanalo nhlobo ithuba. Khumbula nje ukuthi bangalala eduze kwekati lakho bese bejaha umakhelwane.
Kunzima ukuqeqesha lolu hlobo. Basebenza ngaphandle kosizo lomuntu, kwesinye isikhathi amasonto. Ngokunjalo, bona ngokwabo bahlaziya isimo bese benza izinqumo, okusho ukuzimela kwemicabango nokubusa.
Ngaphandle kokuthi bayawuthanda umndeni, abavamile ukuthobela imiyalo. UKuvukas uzokwamukela umuntu okhombisa ukuthi ungaphezu kwakhe futhi azibeke ezingeni eliphezulu, kepha inhlonipho enjalo kusadingeka itholwe.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, bahlakaniphile futhi ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa indlela enhle yokuqinisa. Ukumemeza, ukushaya, noma isiphi isijeziso akuvamile ukuholela empumelelweni, kepha kunja enolaka futhi enolaka.
Khumbula, kuvas kudalelwa ukungenelela ezimweni nokuzixazulula. Uma ungamlawuli, uzinqumela yena.
Akuzona izinhlobo ezinamandla kakhulu futhi imvamisa zizolile ekhaya. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akulona amazambane asembhedeni wosofa futhi badinga umthwalo ojwayelekile. Ngaphandle kwakhe, unesithukuthezi futhi isimilo esilimazayo ngeke sizigcine silindile. Ngisho nemidlwane yaseKuvukasz iyakwazi ukucekela phansi ingaphakathi ngokuphelele.
Enye yezinkinga umnikazi ongabhekana nayo ukubhodla. Njengenja yokubuka, bahlala bexwayisa abaphathi babo ngengozi engaba khona. Nanamuhla bayizinja eziqaphile neziqaphile, ngokukhonkotha okukhulu nangokuzwakala. Lapho zigcinwa edolobheni, kufanele zivalelwe ebusuku endlini. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bakhonkotha kunoma iyiphi imoto, umuntu, umsindo, futhi omakhelwane bakho cishe ngeke bayithande.
Ukunakekela
I-Kuvasz inoboya obuqinile, obungamamitha ayi-15 ubude futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kwanele ukuyihlanganisa kanye ngesonto, okungcono ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu. Ngentwasahlobo nasekwindla, bayachitha futhi balahlekelwe yizinwele zabo eziningi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuxubha inja yakho nsuku zonke. I-Kuvasz akufanele ibe nephunga lenja, ukubonakala kwayo kusho ukugula noma ukungondleki kahle.
Ezempilo
Enye yezinhlobo ezinhle kunazo zonke. Isikhathi sokuphila esifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12 noma eyi-14. Zikhuliswe kuphela njengezinja ezisebenzayo amakhulu eminyaka.
Noma yiluphi ushintsho lofuzo lwaholela ekufeni kwenja noma lwalahlwa. Banokuthambekela kwe-dysplasia, njengazo zonke izinhlobo ezinkulu, kepha azikho izifo ezithile zofuzo.
