IKomondor noma iHungary Shepherd Dog (imvamisa isipelingi esinephutha somkhuzi waseRussia, isiNgisi Komondor, isiHungary komondorok) yinja enkulu yomalusi enengubo emhlophe. Isetshenziselwa ukuqapha imfuyo, kufaka phakathi izimvu, phakathi kwayo ezifihla ngoboya bayo. Kubhekwa njengengcebo kazwelonke yaseHungary, lapho ukuwela nezinye izinhlobo nokunye ukuguqulwa kungavunyelwe.
Izifushaniso
- Izinja zalolu hlobo azivamile; kungenzeka kungabi lula kangako ukuyithenga eRussia.
- Ngaphandle kokuthi ifulethi lokunakekelwa kwalo malusi alifanele ngendlela enhle, bangahlala kulo. Kepha, ukuhamba nokulayisha kuyadingeka.
- Kulabo abathatha isinqumo sokuthenga inja okokuqala ngqa, iKomondor akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu. Banenkani futhi badinga umnikazi othembekile, ozothile nonolwazi.
- Yize ungadingi ukuxubha inja yakho, ingubo yayo idinga ukulungiswa. Uqoqa kalula ukungcola kanye nemfucumfucu ehlukahlukene.
- Basola izinto ezingajwayelekile, ezingaqondakali nemisindo. Lezi izimfanelo ezingokwemvelo zenja enkulu yokwelusa.
- Zingaba nolaka kwezinye izinja.
- Inja eyelusayo iyajabula lapho isemsebenzini. Uma ungenawo umhlambi wezimvu, uhlinzeke ngomthwalo ofanele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
Umlando wozalo
Kunemibono eminingi ehlukene ngomlando wohlobo, ngamunye wabo unabaphikisi nabasekeli babo bobabili. Sizobheka ethandwa kakhulu.
AmaKomondors alethwe eHungary yiPolovtsy (emithonjeni yaseYurophu naseByzantine - amaCumans), abantu abakhuluma isiTurkic abahlala endaweni yayo phakathi kwekhulu le-XII nele-XIII. Igama lohlobo luvela kuKuman-Dor futhi lisho ukuthi "inja yePolovtsian".
Izinhlobo zivela ezinjeni zaseTibet, ezavela e-Asia kanye nezizwe zamaPolovtsian, izwe lakubo elisesifundeni saseYellow River.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-10, bona ngokwabo baqala ukuxoshwa yizizwe ezazisondela zamaMongol, zabaphoqa ukuthi bahoxe baye entshonalanga. Ebalekela amaMongol, afika emingceleni yeHungary ngekhulu le-XII, lapho ahlala khona ngo-1239 ngaphansi kobuholi bukaKhan Kotyan Sutoevich.
Kule ndawo kukhona ukungcwatshwa kwamaPolovtsian, lapho izinja zabo zingcwatshwa khona. Igama lohlobo livela okokuqala encwadini ethi "The Story of King Astgias" kaPeter Coconi, eyabhalwa ngo-1544. Kamuva, ngo-1673, uJan Amos Comenius ubalandisa ngemisebenzi yakhe.
Namuhla amaKomondors athandwa kakhulu futhi asabalele eHungary, ikakhulukazi njengezinja zokwalusa. Cishe leli akulona izwe lakubo, kepha bahlala lapha okungenani kusukela ngekhulu le-13 futhi bahlala bebaluleka ngezimfanelo zabo zokusebenza. Iningi labalimi bezama kuphela ukuzithuthukisa futhi lenze inja ephelele yokwalusa.
Lezi zinja zazenziwe ngokukhethekile ngombala omhlophe, ukuze ngakolunye uhlangothi, zazicashile phakathi kwezimvu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zazikwazi ukuhlukaniswa kalula nempisi.
Kodwa-ke, kuze kube sekhulwini lama-XX, lolu hlobo lwalungaziwa ngaphandle kwezwe lakubo. Ngo-1933, amaKomondors alethwa okokuqala e-United States ngabokufika baseHungary. Ngawo lowo nyaka zaziwa yi-American Kennel Club (AKC), kepha iklabhu yokuqala yadalwa kuphela ngo-1967. Kodwa i-United Kennel Club (UKC) yaqaphela ukuzala kuphela ngo-1983.
Kwakungabantu baseMelika abasindisa lolu hlobo ngezindlela eziningi, ngoba iMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba yayilimaza. Izinja zazisebenza ebusosheni futhi eziningi zafa ngesikhathi sokulwa. Labo abasala emakhaya babulawa yindlala nobumpofu besikhathi sempi.
Phakathi kuka-1945 no-1962, akubhaliswa izinja ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane eHungary. Ngenhlanhla, abanye babo babehlala ezindaweni zezolimo ezingathintekile empini.
Namuhla, izinja zaseHungary Shepherd Dogs zihlala ziluhlobo olungajwayelekile, kukholakala ukuthi abantu abayi-2000-3000 bahlala e-United States naku-5000-7000 eHungary.
Isibalo esikhulu sabantu sihlala kulawa mazwe, kwabanye isibalo asikho ngaphezu kwabantu abayizi-10 000. Izizathu zokuthi kungani lingathandwa kangako phesheya lisesimweni sokuzivikela nokunakekelwa okudingekayo.
Lolu hlobo lufana neBergamo Sheepdog, kepha azihlobene futhi nokwakheka kwentambo kuhlukile.
Incazelo yohlobo
UMkhuzi unokubukeka okukodwa okuyingqayizivele futhi okungalibaleki emhlabeni we-canine. Lezi yizinja ezinkulu kakhulu, ngaphezu kwalokho, umbala omhlophe omsulwa. Futhi uboya babo benza izintambo ezinde ezifana nezingulube.
Abazalisi baseHungary bathi uma inja iphakathi nendawo, ngakho-ke akuyona iKomondor. Abesilisa bangafinyelela ekubuneni ngaphezu kuka-80 cm, abesifazane abangama-65-70 cm. Akukho mkhawulo omkhulu, uma inja iphakama, kuyabiza kakhulu.
Ngalokhu kuphakama, i-Hungarian Shepherd Dogs isisindo esincane, abesilisa 50-60 kg, abesifazane 40-50. Isibonelo, ama-mastiffs amaNgisi osayizi ofanayo anesisindo esingu-80-110 kg.
Ikhanda lenja lifihlwe ngaphansi kwezintambo ezinde nezinwele, lapho kufihlwe khona isifonyo esifushane esinamandla okuluma kakhulu. Amehlo enja kufanele abe nsundu noma i-alimondi. Izindlebe ezilengayo, i-v-shape.
Isici esiyinhloko sohlobo ngoboya. Kufanele kube mhlophe, yize kungenjalo njalo emhlophe emsulwa, kwesinye isikhathi iba mnyama ngenxa yenhlabathi, njengoba inja ingavamile ukugezwa.
Eminye imidlwane inezindawo ezinokhilimu ezinemibala ebuna ngokuguga. Izinja ezifanelekayo zinombala wesikhumba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yize ezinye zingakhombisa umthunzi ongafuneki wepinki.
Ijazi lide kakhulu, lifushane kancane ngemuva, entanyeni nasembusweni. Njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi, imidlwane izalwa inezinwele ezithambile ezisontekile, njengoba ikhula, iyanda futhi iqale ukugoqana, bese izintambo zakheka kancane kancane.
Izintambo zifinyelela ku-20 - 27 cm ubude, zikhula kancane. Esifundeni seminyaka emibili, ekugcineni ziyakhiwa, futhi ubude obudingekayo bufinyelelwa kuphela ngonyaka we-5 wokuphila. Kodwa-ke, lapho ineminyaka emibili, inja bekufanele ngabe yakha izintambo ezinkulu, ezihlanganisa wonke umzimba.
Ukuze kwakheke kahle, badinga ukwelukwa, ngaphandle kwalokho inja izophenduka ibhola elilodwa elikhulu, elihlanganisiwe loboya. Kepha zincibilika kancane, i-molt enkulu kunazo zonke ivela kumdlwane lapho i-puppy fluff iwa.
Ngokwesiko, leli bhantshi livikela inja ekulunyweni yizimpisi ezingakwazi ukuluma ngayo. Kuthatha izinsuku ezimbili nohhafu ukoma ngokuphelele ngemuva kokuwashwa.
Umsila uthwalwa ubhekiswe phansi, ungaze uphakame. Ekuboneni kokuqala, kubonakala sengathi inja ayinamsila nhlobo, ngoba ifihlwe ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwezintambo.
Uhlamvu
Ngokuyinhloko bangabanakekeli, kodwa banamathele kakhulu emndenini wabo. Kodwa-ke, ababethembi futhi bayabasola abantu abangabazi. Akunakwenzeka ukuthi iKomondor izobingelela izivakashi, kuthatha isikhathi ukujwayela umuntu omusha. Kodwa-ke uyamkhumbula iminyaka eminingi futhi amamukele ngemfudumalo.
Izinja eziningi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingakahlangani kahle, zihlangana nabantu ezingabazi ngonya. Banendawo enkulu futhi bavikela umhlaba wabo kubantu ongabazi noma uthanda noma ungathandi.
Uma udinga inja ezovikela umndeni wakho kuze kube sekugcineni, khona-ke uMalusi waseHungary uyisinqumo esihle. Uma udinga inja ongayidedela uhambe ngaphandle kwe-leash, ngaphandle kokwesaba impilo yomakhelwane, khona-ke kungcono ufune olunye uhlobo.
Bangazenzela izinja ezinkulu ezinye, kepha hhayi iningi. Zikhula kancane futhi ziziphatha njengemidlwane isikhathi eside.
AmaKomondor azalelwa ukuvikela umhlambi, futhi enza umsebenzi oncomekayo. Bangakwazi ukuvikela noma yisiphi isidalwa abasithatha njengengxenye yephakethe futhi kuyaqabukela bakhombise ulaka kubo. Kodwa-ke, zinendawo enkulu ngokwedlulele futhi zizomelana nokuhlaselwa kwezinye izilwane endaweni yazo, kubandakanya nezinye izinja.
Bazozama ukubaxosha noma bahlasele. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi balwa ngempumelelo nezimpisi, bayakwazi ukubulala noma ukukhubaza kakhulu abaphikisi abaningi. Abafuyi baseHungary bathi kungenzeka ukungena endaweni yaseKomondor, kepha ukuyishiya akuselula.
Lapho beqeqeshwa besebancane, baphendula kahle. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo, bayakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kosizo lomuntu, imvamisa kumakhilomitha ukusuka kuye. Ngenxa yalokho, lo hlobo luzimele kakhulu futhi lunenkani. Banquma abakudingayo noma beqeqeshwe kahle.
UKomondor, obhorekile noma ongakhuliswanga kahle, angaba nenkani. Futhi zinamandla futhi zithanda ukuphatha umhlambi. Umnikazi uzodinga ukukhombisa njalo ukuphakama kwakhe, ngaphandle kwalokho inja izomcindezela. Ngasikhathi sinye, bahlakaniphile, bayayiqonda kalula imiyalo, kepha badinga ukuqeqeshwa ngokwengeziwe nangokubekezela okukhulu.
Khumbula, ukuqeqeshwa okufanele kanye nokuhlangana nabantu kubaluleke kakhulu enjeni futhi kufanele kuqhubeke impilo yayo yonke. Uma umvumela ukuba aphule izinto ezincane, inja iqala ukucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuvunyelwe futhi kunzima kakhulu ukumlumula.
Umphathi udinga umsebenzi omningi, lezi yizinja zokwalusa ezilandela umhlambi ubusuku nemini. Banokukhuthazela okukhulu, uma beqala ukuma boring, lokhu kuguqulela ekuziphatheni okungalungile. Banamandla anele okuphahlaza indlu ibe yizicucu.
Enye inkinga umnikazi angabhekana nayo ukukhonkotha. Zikhonkotha kakhulu, kakhulu futhi zikwenza ngokujabula. Izinja ezingabelusi kufanele zixwayise umnikazi wazo lapho abantu abangaziwa besondela, futhi kungcono ukuzesabisa ngokukhonkotha. Bangabalindi abakhulu, kepha hhayi bonke omakhelwane abazojabula ngamakhono abo.
Ukunakekela
IKomondor kulindeleke ukuthi idinge ukunakekelwa okujulile futhi okukhethekile. Abanikazi bachitha isikhathi nemali eningi benakekela inja yabo. Kungukuzilungisa kwejazi, okungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani lingathandanga emhlabeni. Ngokuvamile kulula ukuyisika izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka, ishiya ijazi lifushane futhi lingenazintambo.
Ukuvimbela inja ukuthi ingazizwa kahle, izintambo zidinga ukuhlukaniswa kaningana ngonyaka. Kwezinye izinja lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kabili noma kathathu ngonyaka, kwabanye kanye ngenyanga.
Iningi labazilungisi abangochwepheshe abazi ukuthi bangakwenza kanjani lokhu ngenxa yokwanda okuphansi kwezinja. Abanikazi kuzofanele bafunde ukuthi bangakwenza kanjani ngokwabo. Le nqubo ilula kakhulu, kepha imvamisa yinde futhi iyadina, ikakhulukazi ngezintambo ezinde.
Izintambo zibamba ukungcola kalula futhi abanikazi kufanele bazame ukugcina inja ihlanzekile. Ngeshwa, ukuziwasha akulula.
Ngisho nokumanzisa inja kuzothatha cishe ihora. Futhi ukomisa ngaphezulu.
Zibekwa ebhokisini futhi zizungezwe izomisi izinwele, kepha noma kunjalo uboya boma kuze kufike emahoreni angama-24 noma ngaphezulu.
Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi abanikazi bama-komondor abasebenza bavame ukusika izintambo entwasahlobo, ngoba ukuzinakekela kuyinqubo emangalisa kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusiza ngisho ukunakekelwa, kuncisha inja isivikelo sayo semvelo esimweni sezulu nakwizilwane ezidla ezinye.
Umnikazi kufanele aqaphe ikakhulukazi ekulweni namazeze, imikhaza nezinambuzane ezifanayo. Kunzima ukuzibona ngaphansi kwejazi elijiyile, kanti izinja ziyazwela emithini yokubulala izinambuzane.
Ukunakwa kufanele kunakwe ezindlebeni zenja, ukungcola kungena kalula kuzo futhi akubonakali ngaphansi kwejazi.
Lokhu kuholela ezifweni ezingalapheki. Zonke izinqubo kufanele ziqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngenja endala, kunzima kakhulu ukuzijwayela.
Ezempilo
Enjeni enkulu, lolu uhlobo oluhle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile bafa ngenxa yezingozi, ukuhlaselwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye, ukuwa ngaphansi kwezimoto. Isilinganiso sokulindelwa kwempilo yiminyaka eyi-8-10.
Okungenani iminyaka eyinkulungwane amaKomondors akhuliswa njengoba izinja ezisebenzayo nezifo zofuzo kukhishelwa ngaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babehlala endaweni enzima futhi eyingozi, ngakho-ke imvelo uqobo yanakekela ukukhethwa.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi abavikelekile ezifweni zofuzo, kumane nje kubaphethe kabi kakhulu kunezinye izinja ezihlanzekile.
