INeapolitan Mastiff noma uNapoletano Mastino (isipelingi seNeapolitan Mastiff, isiNgisi iNeapolitan Mastiff, isiNtaliyane uMastino Napoletano) wuhlobo lwasendulo lwezinja, ngokudabuka eningizimu yeNhlonhlo i-Apennine. Yaziwa ngokubukeka kwayo okunolaka nezimfanelo zokuvikela, icishe ifane nenja yokugada.
Izifushaniso
- Zifanele kangcono ikhaya elizimele nendawo okumele zigadwe. Bahlala ngokuthula efulethini, kepha badinga isikhala.
- Shedding ngokulingene, kepha ngenxa yobukhulu bejazi kakhulu. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlanganise njalo, futhi unakekele amafolda esikhumba.
- Benza ngokufanele ezinhlosweni zezivakashi ezingafuneki ngokubukeka kwabo okukodwa. Awavamile ukuba nolaka ngaphandle kwesizathu, kepha ukuxhumana nabantu kubalulekile lapha, ukuze i-mastino iqonde ukuthi yini okujwayelekile nokuthi yini okungeyona.
- Abantu abavilaphayo abathanda ukudla bangakhuluphala uma bengenaso istress. Isisindo eseqile sinciphisa kakhulu impilo emfushane esivele ikhona.
- I-Neapolitan Mastiff ayinconyelwe labo banikazi ababengenazo izinja ngaphambili. Badinga isandla esizinzile nokungaguquguquki, inkosi yabo abayihloniphayo.
- Kwabangeneleli abaningi, ukukhonkotha okujulile nokubukeka okwethusayo kwanele, kepha futhi basebenzisa amandla ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
- Bathanda abantu futhi kufanele bahlale endlini, hhayi emaketangeni noma e-aviary.
- Imidlwane iyasebenza, kepha ukuze kugwenywe ezinye izinkinga zempilo, umsebenzi kufanele ukhawulelwe.
- AmaMastino angalimaza uma enesithukuthezi. Ukuzikhandla njalo, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nokuxhumana kwenza impilo yabo icebe.
- Bazwana kahle nezingane ezindala, kepha abancane bangashaywa phansi. Ukuzibandakanya nezingane kuphoqelekile futhi ungashiyi inja ehlakaniphile nengane yodwa!
Umlando wozalo
INeapolitan Mastiff ingeyeqembu laseMolossian, elinye lamandulo kakhulu futhi lisabalele. Kodwa-ke, kuningi ukuphikisana ngomlando nemvelaphi yalezi zinja. Okwaziwa ngokuqinisekile - amaMolossians asatshalaliswa kuwo wonke uMbuso WaseRoma ngamaRoma uqobo kanye nezizwe zaseYurophu ezazibanjwe yibo.
Kunemibono eminingi ngemvelaphi yama-molossians, kepha ingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ayisihlanu emvelaphi: evela e-Asia Ephakathi, eGrisi, eBrithani, eMiddle East nasezinjeni zesizwe sika-Alan.
AmaMolosia ayesetshenziswa kabanzi ngamaRoma. Babeqapha imfuyo nempahla, babengabazingeli kanye nezilwi, izinja zempi. Babalulwe ngu-Aristotle no-Aristophanes, bathuka izizwe zamaFranks, amaGoth namaBritish.
Ngemuva kokuwa koMbuso WaseRoma, azange zinyamalale, kepha zagxila ngokuqinile kulo lonke elase-Italy. Phakathi neNkathi Ephakathi kanye ne-Renaissance, babekhonza njengezinja zokuqapha, babongwa ngenxa yemvelo yabo yokuvikela nobudlova.
Ngaphandle komlando wabo omude, babengezona izinhlanga ngomqondo wesimanje wegama. Emazweni ahlukene, ama-mastiffs kwakudingeka ahlangane ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zasendaweni futhi ngenxa yalokho, kwatholakala izinja zesimanje.
E-Italy, eminye imigqa kwakuyizisebenzi, eminye yayingabalindi. Kubasebenzi kwavela uhlobo esilwaziyo njengeCane Corso, kubalindi iNeapolitan Mastiff, yize leli gama lavela ngekhulu lama-20, kanye nolayini ngokwabo bewela njalo.
Idume ngezigaba eziphezulu, iNeapolitano Mastino kodwa yayingeyona inhlobo ejwayelekile. Kanye nesifiso sokuthola izinja ezinkulu ngangokunokwenzeka kwaholela ekuzalelweni okusindayo.
USentinel Mastiffs wakhonza isigaba esiphakeme sase-Italy amakhulu eminyaka, amasela nabaphangi bayo yonke imivimbo babengakwazi ukumelana nalezi zidlakela. Babemnene ngezabo futhi bengenasihe ezitheni zabo. Izinja ezivela engxenyeni eseningizimu yezwe, eduze kwedolobha laseNaples, zaziswa ngokukhethekile. Bathi bebengebona nje abanolaka futhi bengesabi, kepha futhi babimbi kabi.
Ukubukeka kwabo kuthuse abantu abangabazi kangangoba bebephuthuma ukuphuma ngendlela enhle, enempilo, bakhohlwe yikho konke. INingizimu ye-Italy yahlala iyisiphephelo sababusi, ngenkathi ezinye izingxenye zezwe zinama-republic kanye namadolobha akhululekile. Kwakuyizicukuthwane ezazikwazi ukugcina nokuzala lezi zinja ezinkulu, kepha ushintsho kwezenhlalo lwenzeka ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20.
Iziphathamandla sezinciphe kakhulu futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, seziphenduke imbuya ngothi. Ukugcina izinja ezinjalo bekuvele kunzima, kepha zikwazile ukungaguquki kwaze kwaqala iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, yize bekungekho amazinga ohlobo, amakilabhu nemibukiso.
U-Lucky Mastino kanye nokuthi iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala yabanjelwa eNyakatho ye-Italy, cishe ngaphandle kokubathinta. Kodwa iMpi Yezwe II yenzeka ezweni lonke, yehlisa kakhulu inani lezinja elase lincane.
Izenzo zamasosha, ukubhujiswa, indlala azange zibe nomthelela ekukhuleni kwabantu, kepha noma kunjalo, iMastino Napoletano yahlupheka kubo kancane, uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zaseYurophu.
Babenabalandeli babo abangazange bayeke ukuzala ngisho nangezinsuku zempi. Omunye walaba bantu kwakunguDkt.Piero Scanziani, owasungula uhlelo lokuzalanisa, izinga lokufuya, futhi ngenxa yakhe laziwa emhlabeni wonke.
Njengoba sekuyisikhathi eside izinja zihlotshaniswa nedolobha laseNaples, banquma ukubiza uhlobo lweNeapolitan Mastiff noma iNapoletano Mastino ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko.
Uhlobo lwethulwa okokuqala embukisweni wezinja ngo-1946, kwathi ngo-1948 uPiero Scanziani wabhala izinga lokuqala lokuzala. Ngonyaka olandelayo wahlonishwa yiFederation Cynologique Internationale (FCI).
Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, amaNeapolitan Mastiffs ahlala eyindabuko yomdabu cishe engaziwa ngaphandle kwase-Italy. Kodwa-ke, kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1970, abantu ngabanye bangene eMpumalanga Yurophu nase-United States. Abafuyi bamangala ngosayizi wabo, amandla nokubukeka kwabo okuhlukile.
Kodwa-ke, ubukhulu nohlamvu lwenja lilinganisele inani labantu abangaligcina futhi lahlala lingajwayelekile. Ngo-1996, lolu hlobo lwabonwa yi-United Kennel Club (UKC), kanye ne-American Kennel Club (AKC) ngo-2004 kuphela.
Yize ithandwa kakhulu, uNapoletano Mastino uhlala eyindalo engajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-2010 babekwa endaweni ye-113 endaweni ye-167, ngokwesibalo sezinja ezibhaliswe ku-AKC. Iningi lazo lisetshenziswa njengezinja ezihamba nabo, kepha futhi liphatha insizakalo yokuqapha.
Isimo sabo sesinciphile kula mashumi eminyaka adlule, kepha baseyizinja eziqaphile kakhulu, ezinamandla amakhulu kunanoma yimuphi umastiff.
Incazelo yohlobo
INeapolitan Mastiff ingenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezibonakala kalula. Abafuyi base-Italy benze ibanga elide ukuze bandise ngokuphawulekayo zonke izici, bakha inja ebukeka kabi kunazo zonke.
Singasho ukuthi bathathe izici eziphuma kuwo wonke ama-mastiff futhi bazikhulisa kaningana. Izinhlobo zenzelwe ukwethusa futhi zikwenza kahle.
Izinja zikhulu ngempela, abesilisa ekubuneni bafinyelela ku-66-79 cm, ama-bitches 60-74 cm, isisindo esingu-50-60 kg.
Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu futhi kufanele kubonakale kukhulu ngayo yonke imininingwane, kusuka ekhanda layo elikhulu kuya emsileni. Zibonakala zikhudlwana ngenxa yemigoqo emboza umzimba. Yonke into ecashile yeNeapolitan Mastiff ikhuluma ngamandla akhe namandla.
Into yokuqala eshaya ababukeli abaningi ubuso benja. Njengama-mastiffs amaningi, iNeapolitan inezindwangu ezifinyweni nasezindebeni ezifakwe izigqoko, kodwa le mfanelo ibonakala kakhulu kuzo. Mhlawumbe, alukho olunye uhlobo olungaba nemibimbi eminingi ebusweni.
Kwabanye, kuningi kakhulu kangangokuthi bacishe bafihle amehlo abo. Umbala wamehlo nekhala uhambelana nombala, kepha umnyama ngandlela thile kunawo. Ngokwesiko, izindlebe ziyasikwa, kepha abanye abagqokayo bazishiya ngokwemvelo.
Ijazi lifushane kakhulu futhi libushelelezi. Izinga lokuzala likuchaza njengokufana ekubunjweni nasekude emzimbeni wonke wenja. Umbala ovame kakhulu weNeapolitan Mastiff mpunga futhi izinja eziningi eringini lombukiso zinalo mbala.
Noma kunjalo, ingaba eminye imibala, kufaka phakathi: okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omnyama, ama-mahogany. I-Tigrowina ibaluleke kakhulu kuyo yonke imibala, amabala amhlophe esifubeni, eminwe nasengxenyeni yesisu kuvumelekile.
Uhlamvu
AbakwaNeapolitan Mastiffs bebelokhu beyizinja ezinogada nabaqaphi kusukela eRoma lasendulo. Kunzima ukulindela kubo umlingiswa wenja eyelusayo. Imvamisa bazolile futhi bayazethemba, kepha uma kwenzeka kuba yingozi bangaphenduka umvikeli ongesabi ngokuphazima kweso.
Bathanda amakhosi abo futhi bamnene ngokumangazayo kulabo ababathembayo. Imidlwane iyakhohliseka kalula futhi iyazijabulisa ekuqaleni, kodwa ikhula ibe yizinja ezivaliwe kakhulu. Ukungathembi abantu ongabazi nakanjani akubona ababingelela noma ngubani abahlangana naye.
Ukuzibandakanya komphakathi kubalulekile ku-Neapolitan Mastiff. Labo abangakahlangani bakhula baba yizinja ezinolaka eziluma kaningi kunezinye.
Futhi amandla nobukhulu bazo kwenza ukulunywa kube yinto ebucayi kakhulu. Kepha khumbula ukuthi ngisho ukuzihlanganisa nabantu okuphelele akukwazi ukubushelelezi ngaphezu kwemvelo yeminyaka eyinkulungwane.
Ngisho nama-mastino aqeqeshwe kakhulu azohlasela abantu angabazi uma ehlasela indawo yabo ngesikhathi ikhaya labanikazi lingekho.
Zingagcinwa emindenini enezingane, kepha ochwepheshe abaningi abakukhuthazi ukwenza lokhu. Lezi zinja ezinkulu zingalimaza ingane noma idlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imidlalo enomsindo nemhlophe yezingane inolaka kubo futhi bangasabela ngokufanele.
Ekugcineni, ayikho ingane engaba namandla njengoba lolu hlobo ludinga. Uma ufuna unogada noma umlindi, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezingakwenza kangcono kuneMastino. Kepha, uma ungenayo inja ngaphambili, ukukhetha i-napoletano kuzoba yiphutha. Badinga isandla esiqinile nomnikazi wenhliziyo enamandla.
Akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuzigcina nezinye izinja. Iningi lama-Mastiffs aseNeapolitan alizibekezeleli izinja zobulili obufanayo, nokunye okuphambene nalokho. Abanye bazwana nezinja abakhule nazo, kepha ezinye azikwazi ukuzimela nazo.
Kunzima kakhulu ukuwahlanganisa nezinja ezindala, ikakhulukazi ngoba isici esivelele kakhulu sohlobo ngumona. Banomona kakhulu futhi bakhombisa umona wabo ngokuhlukumeza. Noma yikuphi ukungezwani phakathi kukamastiff nenye inja kuzophela ngokudabukisayo. Emva kwakho konke, azikho izinhlobo eziningi kakhulu ezikwazi ukumelana nokulwa nazo.
Bangakwazi ukufundiswa amakati nezinye izilwane, ngoba abanaso isazela sokuzingela. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukubajwayela ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba umzwelo onogada ubaphoqa ukuthi babheke izilwane zabanye njengosongo. Ngokuqinisekile bazophishekela abantu abangabazi ensimini yabo, bakhumbule ukuthi noma ngabe bathanda ikati elifuywayo, lolu thando alusebenzi kumakhelwane.
AbakwaNeapolitan Mastiffs bahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi bayayiqonda kahle imiyalo, bangalalela ezandleni zomuntu abamhloniphayo. Umnikazi ozothile, ozethembayo nonolwazi uzokweneliseka ngenqubo yokuqeqeshwa nomphumela. Le nja yenza okuthile hhayi ngoba iyalelwe, kodwa ngoba ihlonipha umnikazi wayo. Futhi le nhlonipho kufanele izuzwe.
Banamandla futhi bayakwazi ukubeka umuntu ongezansi kwabo esigungwini sephakethe, uma kuvunyelwe. Umnikazi kufanele njalo akhumbuze inja ukuthi ngubani futhi ayibeke endaweni yayo. Uma iNeapolitan Mastiff ikholelwa ukuthi iyi-alpha, iyoba ngamabomu futhi ingalawuleki. I-General Obedience Course inconywa kakhulu ngalolu hlobo.
Uma bengekho emsebenzini, lapho-ke ngokumangalisayo bazolile futhi bakhululekile, balele kusofa futhi abacabangi ngemithwalo eyengeziwe. Bancamela ukungaphinde banyakaze, kepha basadinga ukuzivocavoca njalo, okulingene. Uma bengayitholi eyodwa, bangadinwa.
Isithukuthezi esinesithukuthezi yisikhukhula esonakalisayo nesinolaka. Kepha, umsebenzi nengcindezi kufanele kube ngokulingene, ikakhulukazi emidlwane yeNeapolitan Mastiff.
Imidlwane ingahlakulela izinkinga zemisipha uma zisebenza kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaphikiswa izinja ezindala ngokushesha ngemuva kokondla ukugwema i-volvulus.
Kunamanye ama-nuances angahlobene nomlingiswa, kepha umnikazi ongaba nakho okufanele abhekane naye. Okokuqala, bayaconsa amathe futhi alukho olunye uhlobo olugeleza ngenani elifanayo.
Imicu yamathe egeleza ephuma emlonyeni we-mastino izoba yonke indlu. Kwesinye isikhathi banikina amakhanda abo bese batholakala ezindongeni nasophahleni.
Ngenxa yokwakheka kogebhezi, bathambekele ekwakhekeni kwegesi futhi akumnandi neze ukuba segumbini elilodwa nenja elingana nalolu hlobo, enesibindi. Ukondla okulungile kuyakunciphisa, kepha akukwazi ukukukhipha ngokuphelele.
Uma ukuvuza amathe negesi kukusabisa wena noma umndeni wakho, kuzodingeka ukuthi ufune olunye uhlobo.
Ukunakekela
Izinwele ezimfushane kulula ukuzinakekela, ukuxubha njalo kwanele. Ngaphandle kokuthi zichitha ngokulingene, ubukhulu obukhulu benza inani loboya lubaluleke.
Imibimbi esikhunjeni, ikakhulukazi ebusweni nasekhanda, idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ukungcola, igrisi, amanzi kanye nemfucumfucu yokudla kungakha futhi kudale ukuvuvukala. Ngemuva kokuphakela, kunconywa ukuthi ubasule bomile futhi ubheke inhlanzeko yabo iyonke.
Ezempilo
INeapolitan Mastiff inempilo ebuthaka futhi ingenye yezinja ezihlala isikhashana. Isikhathi sayo esiphakathi yiminyaka eyi-7-9. Zikhuliswe zodwa iminyaka engamakhulu, okuholele ekutheni kube ne-gene pool elincane kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo.
Cishe zonke izifo ezijwayelekile zezinja ezinkulu zenzeka kuma-mastino.
Lokhu yi-volvulus, izinkinga zesistimu ye-musculoskeletal, i-dysplasia. Okuvame kakhulu yi-adenoma yekhulu lesithathu, cishe wonke umuntu omele lohlobo angathinteka kuyo.
Imvamisa iphathwa ngokuhlinzwa. Futhi ngokuvamile kunguhlobo olubizayo ukulugcina. Njengoba udinga ukondla kakhulu, philisa, futhi ukwelashwa akushibhile kukodwa, unikezwe usayizi futhi kuyathukuthela ngokuphelele.
