I-Pomeranian noma i-Pomeranian (i-English Pomeranian ne-Pom Pom) uhlobo lwenja eqanjwe ngesifunda sasePomerania, namuhla ehlukaniswe phakathi kwePoland neJalimane. Lolu hlobo luhlukaniswa njengokuhlobisa, kepha luvela ku-Spitz enkulu, ngokwesibonelo, evela kwi-German Spitz.
I-International Cynological Federation iwahlukanisa njenge-Spitz yaseJalimane kanye nasemazweni amaningi aziwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi Zwergspitz (iSpitz encane).
Izifushaniso
- I-Pomeranian spitz ikhonkotha kakhulu futhi lokhu kungacasula omakhelwane.
- Kunzima ukubaqeqesha ethoyilethi, kudinga isikhathi nomzamo.
- Ukushisa okuphezulu nomswakama kungaholela ekushiseni kwesifo nokufa kwenja. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, udinga ukuqapha isimo senja futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha uma siba sibi.
- Lezi yizinja ezifuywayo, azikwazi ukuhlala emaketangeni nasendaweni yezindiza.
- Bazwana kahle nezingane, kodwa kungcono ukugcinwa emndenini lapho kunezingane ezindala. Zintekenteke kakhulu futhi zithanda inkululeko ezinganeni ezincane.
- Yize benosayizi omncane, uPomeranian Spitz uzizwa eyinja enkulu. Ngokucasula izinja ezinkulu, zingahlupheka noma zife. Ukuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kwenzeke, inja idinga ukufundiswa futhi ithathe isikhundla somholi uqobo.
- Yizinja ezincane kodwa ezivelele. Uma umnikazi evuma, khona-ke bazithatha njengabaholi bephakethe futhi bazoziphatha ngokufanele. Akunconyelwe abalimi bokuqala.
Umlando wozalo
Oqondene neqembu lakudala lakwaSpitz, iPomeranian yazalwa isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izincwadi zokuqala. Umlando wohlobo uqukethe ukucabanga nokuqagela, okubandakanya phakathi kwabo imicabango eminingi. Kukholakala ukuthi iPomeranian Spitz yehla eSpitz enkulu futhi yavela esifundeni sasePomeranian.
Igama elithi Pomeranian laqala ukubizwa ngokuthi izinja ezinezinwele ezinde, ezijiyile, izindlebe ezibukhali neziqondile futhi umsila ugoqene waba yibhola. Leli qembu lihlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi ezivela emhlabeni wonke: Keeshond, Chow Chow, Akita Inu, Alaskan Malamute.
Ngisho neSchipperke ibizwa ngeSpitz, yize kuyinja eyelusayo. I-Spitz ingenye yamaqembu amadala kunawo wonke; zazisetshenziswa njengezinja zokugada, izinja ezihlotshisiwe, ngisho nezinja zokwalusa.
Iningi lochwepheshe likholelwa ukuthi lisukela eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha kuya kweziyisi-7 ubudala, futhi mhlawumbe okuningi kakhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi bekukholelwa ukuthi iSpitz yehla ngqo empisi yaseSiberia.
Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwakamuva lwezakhi zofuzo lubonisa ukuthi zonke izinja zivela ezimpisini ezivela eNdiya, eChina naseMpumalanga Ephakathi, bese zisakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Lapho izinja zokuqala zifika eNyakatho Yurophu, zazalaniswa nezimpisi zasendaweni, zikulungele kangcono ukuphila ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esibi. Ubufakazi bokuqala bokuba khona kweSpitz buhlehlela emuva ekhulwini lesi-4 kuya kwelesi-5 BC futhi batholakala eNorway.
Lezi zinja zazijwayezwe kahle nesimo sezulu esenyakatho futhi zivame kakhulu.
IPomerania ngokwesiko ibe ngesinye sezindawo ezisenyakatho kakhulu eJalimane ezisemngceleni woLwandle iBaltic. Imingcele yesifunda yashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, kodwa, njengomthetho, yayingaphakathi kwemingcele yeStrasbourg neGdansk. Ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II, iPomerania yahlukaniswa phakathi kweJalimane nePoland.
Ngenxa yokuthi yayiseduze neSweden, iSpitz yayingenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu endaweni. Lapho uJohann Friedrich Gmelin ebhala uhlelo lwe-13 lwe-The System of Nature, wabiza bonke abakwaSpitz Canis pomeranus.
Akucaci ukuthi nini, kepha ngesinye isikhathi iSpitz encane yaqala ukwaziswa futhi phakathi nekhulu le-16 leminyaka, ukufuya izinja ezincane nezincane kwaqala. I-orange yavela kuluphi uhlobo, kunokungavumelani okuthile. Kucatshangwa ukuthi kusuka eKeeshond noma eGerman Spitz, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi iVolpino Italiano, iSpitz encane yase-Italy, nayo yasetshenziswa ekuzaleni.
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala kwePomeranian kuvela encwadini kaJames Boswell, eyanyatheliswa ngo-1764. Uhlobo lolo kukhulunywa ngalo futhi nguThomas Pennant encwadini yakhe ethi A Journey through Scotland, eyashicilelwa ngo-1769.
IPomeranian Spitz yokuqala yayinkulu kunezinja zanamuhla futhi yayinesisindo esisuka ku-13 kuye ku-22 kg. Ushintsho lwafika lapho umndeni wasebukhosini waseBrithani uqala ukwanda kohlobo; ngo-1767, iNdlovukazi uCharlotte waseMecklenburg-Strelitz yaletha amaPomeranians ambalwa eNgilandi.
Lezi zinja zabe sezivezwa ngumculi uThomas Gainsborough. Yize inkulu kakhulu kunalezi zesimanje, zifana ngendlela ephawulekayo. Umzukulu weNdlovukazi uCharlotte, iNdlovukazi uVictoria waba ngumfuyi walolu hlobo. Nguye owathatha i-miniaturization nokwandisa iPomeranian.
Indlovukazi yakha indlu yenja enkulu futhi enamandla, umsebenzi wayo omkhulu kwakuwukunciphisa usayizi wezinja. Kukho konke ukuphila kwakhe, uqhubeke nokungenisa amaPomeranians avela kulo lonke elaseYurophu, ezama ukuthola imibala eminingi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Enye yezintandokazi zakhe kwakuyinja egama linguWindsor's Marco '. INdlovukazi yayithenga eFlorence ngo-1888, kwathi ngo-1891 yakukhombisa embukisweni wezinja, lapho yaqhakaza khona.
Abazalisi bamaNgisi nabathandi bezinhlobo basungula iklabhu lokuqala ngo-1891. Ngonyaka ofanayo bazobhala isilinganiso sokuqala sohlobo. Ngaleso sikhathi, abasePomeranians bazobe sebevele befika e-United States, futhi yize usuku olungaziwa lungaziwa, ngo-1888 base bevele bemukelwe yi-American Kennel Club (AKC).
Ngo-1911 i-American Pomeranian Club (APC) yadalwa, kwathi ngo-1914 i-United Kennel Club (UKC) nayo yaqaphela lolu hlobo. Ngokuhamba kwekhulu lama-20, bazoba olunye lwezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu esekisini lase-US, njengoba zinokubukeka okukhanyayo futhi ziqeqeshwe kahle.
Ngendlela, izinja ezintathu kuphela zasinda enhlekeleleni ye-Titanic. Ama-spitz amabili asePomeranian, abathathi bezindwendwe bahamba nawo ngezikebhe zokuphila kanye neNewfoundland okwazile ukusinda emanzini aneqhwa.
UPomeranian Spitz uqhubeke nokuthola ukuthandwa phakathi nekhulu lama-20. Ngo-1980 kwaba nenani eliphakeme lapho lolu hlobo lwaba olunye oludume kakhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuthandwa akuzange kube nokulahlekelwa kohlobo.
Inhloso yabanye abalimi kwakuyinzuzo kuphela, abazange banake impilo yezinja, isimilo kanye nengqondo.
Lokhu kuholele ekuveleni kwenani elikhulu lezinja ezinempilo ebuthaka nengqondo engazinzile. Izinja ezinjalo zilimaze isithunzi nekhwalithi yalo lonke uhlobo.
Uma uzothenga iPomeranian, bese ukhetha ikennel yekhwalithi ephezulu nomfuyi onomthwalo wemfanelo.
IPomeranian ingenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu e-United States nasemhlabeni jikelele. Ngo-2012, wabalwa endaweni yesi-15 kwezingu-167 ezazithandwa e-United States. Kokubili i-United Kennel Club ne-AKC babheka iPomeranian njengohlobo oluhlukile, kepha i-International Cynological Organisation iluhlobo lweSpitz yaseGerman, hhayi uhlobo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-keeshond nayo ibhekwa njengokuhlukahluka.
Incazelo yohlobo
IPomeranian iyiSpitz ejwayelekile, kepha incane kakhulu kuneqembu lonke. Zidume ngokunethezeka, ijazi lazo eliwugqinsi nokubukeka okufana nempungushe. Njengoba kufanele inja yokuhlobisa, iPomeranian incane kakhulu.
Ukuphakama kubuna ku-18 kuye ku-22 cm, isisindo esingu-1.4-3.5 kg. Abanye abafuyi benza izinja ezincane kakhulu, yize zivame ukutholakala ezinkulu, ngaphezu kuka-5 kg.
Njengabaningi basePomeranians, lena inja yohlobo lwesikwele. Izinga lokuzala lidinga ukuthi libe ukuphakama nobude obufanayo.
Iningi lomzimba we-orange lifihliwe ngaphansi koboya obukhulu, umsila ubude obuphakathi, ulele ngemuva.
Isifonyo sijwayele iSpitz. Inhloko iyalingana nomzimba lapho ibhekwa ngaphezulu, kodwa imise okwekhanda.
Ukhakhayi luyindilinga kodwa alunamandla. Isifonyo sifushane futhi sincane. Amehlo aphakathi nendawo ngosayizi omnyama, anombala omnyama, onenkulumo enjengempungushe.
Izindlebe eziqondile nezikhonjiwe zengeza ukufana nempungushe. Imidlwane yasePomeranian izalwa inezindlebe ezilengayo futhi iyasukuma lapho ikhula.
Isici sohlobo lohlobo luyisigqoko esindayo, esinde, esiphindwe kabili. Ingubo yangaphansi ithambile, iminyene futhi imfishane, kanti ijazi linzima, liqondile futhi liyacwebezela. Ijazi lifushane esifubeni, ezingaphambili, emapayipini, kodwa emzimbeni wonke lide futhi ligcwele.
Emqaleni, izinwele zakha umhlwenga. Khombisa izinja zasekilasini akufanele zisikwe, ngaphandle kwezidladla nendawo ezungeze ingquza.
Abanikazi bezinja ezifuywayo bavame ukuzinciphisa ukuze zingashisi ezinyangeni zasehlobo.
I-Pomeranian Spitz ingaba nemibala ehlukene, cishe yonke iyamukeleka. Okuvame kakhulu kumhlophe, kumnyama nokhilimu.
Uhlamvu
Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lemigqa ehlukene, abafuyi kanye nezinja, kunzima ukuchaza ubuntu bePomeranian. Imvamisa bacabanga ngenzuzo kuphela futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuvela kwezinja eziningi ezine-psyche engazinzile.
Banamahloni, banamahloni, futhi banolaka, izici amaPomeranians akhuliswe kahle angenazo.
Uma sicabanga ngohlobo oluphelele, khona-ke lena yinja ehambisana nayo kusukela ekugcineni kwempumu kuze kube sekupheleni komsila, okuthanda ukusondelana nomnikazi. Kodwa-ke, zizimele kakhulu kunezinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa futhi ngokuqinisekile azinamathele.
Abanye babo bahlupheka ngokuhlukana nomnikazi, kepha lokhu kuyinkinga yokukhuliswa, ngoba iningi labo liyakubekezelela ngokubekezela.
AmaPomeranian anobungane futhi ahlonipha abantu angabazi, yize ehlala ekhonkotha lapho eza. Basondela kubantu abasha, kepha hhayi ngaso leso sikhathi, kepha ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Abanye bangaba nokwesaba noma babe nolaka, kepha lokhu akujwayelekile ngohlobo, kepha kungumphumela wokukhuliswa okungafanele. Uhlobo luthanda ngokulinganayo wonke amalungu omndeni, yize ezinye izinja zingakhetha eyodwa.
AmaPomeranians awanconyelwa ukugcina izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-8. Akukhona ukuthi abazithandi izingane, yingoba zincane futhi zintekenteke ngokwanele. Bangalimala ekudlaleni okungajwayelekile, futhi abakwazi ukumelana nokudelela nokungahloniphi nakancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banesikhala somuntu siqu, ngenkathi iningi lezingane lingakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi liyini bese lishiya inja yodwa. Kepha ngezingane ezindala, bathola ulimi oluvamile kahle, uma behlonipha inja.
Kunengqondo ukuthi inja encane kangako ayinakekelwa noma igadwe. Kepha, bayakwazi ukuxwayisa umnikazi ngokusondela kwabafokazi ngosizo lwezwi. Ngaphandle kokuhlobisa, ziyabusa kancane futhi azinconyelwe ukugcinwa ngabalimi bezinja abangenalwazi.
Amawolintshi ahambisana kahle nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Ngokuhlangana kahle kwabantu, azikho izinkinga nezinye izinja, futhi, bakhetha inkampani yabo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, zilukhuni ngokwanele izinja zalolu sayizi nemidlalo yazo abanikazi bezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa. Abanye bangahle bahlushwe umona uma umnikazi abelana nokunaka komunye umuntu, kepha masinyane bajwayele. Abanye bangabusa ngokweqile, imvamisa kube yimiphumela yokukhuliswa ngendlela engafanele, lapho inja izibheka njengoyinhloko endlini.
Lezi zinja kunzima ukuhamba nazo, njengoba ziphonsela abanye inselelo yize zingakanani futhi zingethusa izingane.
Yize zifana nempungushe, amawolintshi awanaso isifiso sokuzingela esaziwayo. Ngokuhlangana kahle kwabantu, abanaki ezinye izilwane, kufaka phakathi ukuzwana namakati ngomoya ophansi. Eqinisweni, abancane kunabo bonke ngokwabo basengozini, njengoba izinja ezinkulu zingase zibenze iphutha lokuthi bayizisulu.
Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi lezi kuseyizinja futhi ukujaha isibankwa noma ingwejeje kuyinto ejwayelekile kubo.
Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, iPomeranian kulula ukuyiqeqesha. Banobuhlakani futhi bayakwazi amaqhinga amaningi ahlukene, yingakho bethandwa kakhulu emibuthanweni yamasekisi.
Uma uthatha isikhathi nomzamo wokuqeqesha iwolintshi, uzogcina unenja engenza okuningi kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zokuhlobisa.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kude nenja elula ukuyiqeqesha. Abaningi babo banenkani futhi bayazinyeza. Kuzodingeka uxoxe nabo, kepha kufanelekile. AmaPomeranians enza kahle ngokulalela, kepha aphansi kunezinhlobo ezinjengeBorder Collie nePoodle.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhombisa inja ukuthi ngubani ongumphathi endlini ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba ngeke balalele imiyalo yomuntu abambheka njengophansi ngesimo. Kungakho belalela kuphela lowo abamazi kahle. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba ngumuntu oyedwa noma ababili.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwezindlu zangasese kunzima kakhulu. Izinhlobo zemifino zinesisu esincane esingakwazi ukugcina okuqukethwe isikhathi eside ngokwanele. Kodwa-ke, mancane ngokwanele ukuthi angaqhuba ibhizinisi ngemuva kosofa, amafriji nefenisha. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni zitholwe sekwephuze kakhulu futhi zingamiswa.
Le nja encane igcwele amandla futhi inezidingo eziphakeme kakhulu zokuzivocavoca zanoma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlobisa. Badinga ukuhamba ibanga elide nsuku zonke, kepha ithuba lokugijima ngokukhululeka lingcono.
Njengoba uboya babo bubavikela kahle esimweni sezulu esibi, bajabulela ubusika, ngokungafani namanye amathoyizi. Ngaphandle kokuthi lezi akuzona izinja zosofa futhi badinga imithwalo, iningi labantu basemadolobheni lizobanelisa kalula.
Lokhu akuyona inja eyelusayo, okudingeka ama-marathoni kuyo, kepha nokho uhlobo lokuhlobisa.
Ngendlela, ukungabi bikho komsebenzi ngesinye sezizathu ezivame kakhulu zokuthi baziphathe kabi. Amandla ayakha, inja iyabhoreka futhi idinga ukujabulisa ngandlela thile.
Uma inja ihambile, yadlala, ekhaya ayinamandla noma isifiso sokudlala ubuqili. Yebo, zisenomdlandla futhi zifuna ukwazi, kodwa hhayi ezonakalisayo.
Abanini abangaba khona badinga ukwazi ukuthi amaPomeranians ayathanda ukukhonkotha. Ukuncelisa lokhu, udinga ukuqeqesha inja kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala. Imfundo izosiza ekwehliseni kakhulu inani lokukhonkotha, kepha zisakhonkotha kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo.
Lo akusilo umsindo owodwa, kepha uchungechunge oluphelele lwezinto ezingazelelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukukhonkotha kunomsindo omkhulu futhi kunomsindo, uma ungawuthandi, cabanga ngolunye uhlobo. Ukukhonkotha yisikhalazo esivame kakhulu ngenja, ngenkathi kungenjalo kusetshenziselwa impilo edolobheni.
Njengazo zonke izinhlobo zokuhlobisa, amawolintshi athambekele kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-small dog syndrome. Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ezinhlotsheni zokuhlobisa, njengoba zikhuliswa ngokuhlukile kunezinja ezinkulu.
Uma ubona inja yokuhlobisa edonsela umnikazi wayo ngemuva kwayo, ikhonkotha kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu futhi igijime, khona-ke unokubonakaliswa okujwayelekile kwesifo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abanikazi bacabanga ukuthi izinja ezinjalo azidingi ukukhuliswa, zincane. Awukwazi ukuphatha inja njengomuntu, noma ngabe yinhle futhi yinhle kanjani! Ngakho-ke, uyamcasula, ngoba awumphathi umuntu njengenja?
Ukunakekela
Noma ngubani oke wayibona le nja, kuyacaca ukuthi kuthatha ukuzilungisa okuningi. Udinga ukukama ijazi nsuku zonke, ngoba ama-tangles angakha noma kuphi.
Ngokufana nokuxubha, udinga ukuhlola isikhumba, ngoba izinwele ezinde nezinkulu zingafihla izinkinga ngendlela yamanxeba, ukungezwani komzimba nokuklwebha.
Ukuhlala ngokusemandleni akhe, iPomeranian idinga amahora ambalwa wokuzilungisa masonto onke. Ngaphandle kokuthi abadingi usizo lochwepheshe, abanye abanikazi bakhetha ukuphendukela kubo.
Abanikazi bezilwane kwesinye isikhathi bayazinciphisa, ngoba lokhu kusika kudinga ukuzilungisa okuncane kakhulu futhi inja ibekezelela ukushisa kalula.
AmaPomeranians molt ngokuqinile, futhi abaningi bakwenza ngokuqhubekayo. Uboya bungamboza phansi, okhaphethi nefenisha. I-molt yonyaka ibonwa kabili ngonyaka, lapho i-molt kakhulu kakhulu.
I-Pomeranian mhlawumbe iyinhlobo yokuchitha kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izinja zokuhlobisa futhi kukhona uboya obuningi obuvela kuyo kunezinhlobo ezinkulu. Uma wena noma amalungu omndeni wakho uxabana nezinwele zezinja, kufanele ucabangele uhlobo oluhlukile.
Ezempilo
Njengobushushu, kunzima ukuchaza impilo yohlobo lonke. Imvamisa, ezempilo kanye nocwaningo lwezifo akwenzeki nhlobo, ingasaphathwa eyokususa lezi zinja ekuzaleni.
Noma kunjalo, izinja ezivela emigqeni emihle ziphilile futhi azithobeki. Lolu hlobo lufana nempisi, luncane kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho, lunempilo kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ezihlanzekile.
Futhi akufanelekile ukukhuluma ngezinhlobo zokuhlobisa. Isikhathi sokuphila sePomeranian sisukela eminyakeni eyi-12 kuye kwengu-16, futhi abahlushwa izifo noma sebekhulile.
Uhlobo lunesimo sokubeka izinkinga ngenxa yobuningi nobude baso. Iwa kalula futhi kwakhiwa amacansi, ukususwa kwawo kubuhlungu kakhulu enjeni. Imvamisa bahlushwa i-alopecia ekhethiwe (impandla), lapho kwenye ingxenye yomzimba izinwele ziqala ukuphuma ezindaweni.
I-Spitz ijwayele isifo sesikhumba esimnyama noma i- "Black skin disease" ngesiNgisi. Ijazi liwa ngokuphelele futhi isikhumba siphenduka sibe mnyama, okuyilapho igama livela khona. Lesi sifo asiqondakali kahle futhi sivame ukudideka nezinye izinhlobo zokulahleka kwezinwele.
Lesi sifo siyisimonyo kuphela, asinabungozi empilweni nasenja yenja, kepha sinciphisa impela induduzo.
Eminyakeni yamuva, umbala we-merle usuthandwa kakhulu, kepha izinja zalo mbala zihlushwa izifo eziningi. Kungenxa yalokhu ukuthi abavunyelwe ezinhlanganweni eziningi ze-canine.
Imvamisa abayizithulu futhi banezinkinga eziningi zokubona, kufaka phakathi ingcindezi yangaphakathi kwe-intraocular kanye ne-colombus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wezinhlelo zezinzwa, zemisipha nezokujikeleza kwegazi.
Ukuphuma kwamazinyo kusenesikhathi kuyisici sohlobo; kunconywa ukuthi ubondle ngokudla okomile.
Futhi kungenye yezinhlobo ezinemidlwane embalwa kakhulu kudoti. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, kusuka ku-1.9 kuye ku-2.7 ngokwesilinganiso.
