Igundane noma i-ratlik yasePrague (i-Czech Pražský krysařík, i-English Prague Ratter) uhlobo oluthile lwenja, edabuka eCzech Republic. Ngokuya ngohlobo lokuzalwa, kubhekwa njengenja encane kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ngokungafani nezinga leChihuahua, elingachazi ukuphakama kwalo ekubuneni, isisindo kuphela.
Umlando wozalo
Mhlawumbe i-rat-rat yasePrague uhlobo oludala kunazo zonke eCzech Republic. Kukhulunywa ngayo emithonjeni yasendulo. Igama lohlobo livela kuJalimane "die Ratte" (rat) futhi lisho injongo yalolu hlobo - abadobi bamagundane.
Naphezu kokuthi amanye amagundane asagcinile imizwelo yawo yokuzingela kuze kube namuhla, akekho noyedwa owasebenzisa njengomqothulimagundane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lawo magundane esiwaziyo namuhla makhulu kakhulu, aqinile futhi anolaka kakhulu kunamagundane eNkathi Ephakathi. Ngisho nokhokho bamagundane babengeke babhekane nabo, ngoba lokhu kuyigundane elimpunga noma i-pasyuk (lat. Rattus norvegicus), bese kuthi igundane elimnyama (lat. Rattus rattus) lahlala eYurophu lasendulo.
Igundane elimnyama lalihlala ezibayeni, lapho lingagcini nje ngokudla okusanhlamvu, kodwa futhi lalikwenza lingakulungeli ukudla, lifaka ushevu kudoti walo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babengabathwali besifo, okuqubuka kwaso kwacekela phansi yonke imizi ngeNkathi Ephakathi.
Amakati ngalezo zinsuku ayembalwa, futhi isimo sengqondo kubo sasingafani nesamanje. Ngakho-ke, abantu basemadolobheni basebenzisa izinja njengabadobi begundane. Isibonelo, cishe zonke izigaxa zaleso sikhathi zazibandakanyeka ekuklinyweni kwamagundane. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inja yayingagcinwanga nje, kwakudingeka ukuthi iqeqe lonke ucezu lwesinkwa.
Ensimini yeBohemia yanamuhla, lokhu kwenziwa ngamaqhawe. Asazi kahle ukuthi zazibukeka kanjani ngaleso sikhathi, mhlawumbe zazibukeka njengezinja zesimanje. Ngisho nosuku oluthembekile lokuvela kohlobo kunzima ukusho. Kepha, ngesikhathi sokuvela nokuthandwa kwamakati eYurophu (cishe ngekhulu le-15), amagundane ayesesebenzele abantu cishe iminyaka eyi-800.
Ngokusho kwemibhalo, babezinja ezithule, ezisebenzayo, ezizwelayo. Ezigodlweni nasemakhumbeni ayegcinwa nezinye izinja: ama-hound, ama-greyhound. Ngakho-ke amagundane kwakufanele afunde ukuzwana, ngaphandle kwalokho ayengeke asinde ezingxabanweni.
Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalolu hlobo kutholakala emlandweni ka-Einhard (770-840), usosayensi ongumFrankis kanye nesazi-mlando. Ubachaza njengesipho esivela enkosini yaseCzech uLech. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi uLech kungenzeka ukuthi akulona igama, kepha ikheli elihloniphayo kumuntu ohloniphekile. Isikhulu sanikeza amaqhawe njengesipho kuMbusi uCharles the First.
Imithombo yasePoland ikhuluma ngezinye izinja ezimbili zaseCzech ezaziphila neNkosi uBoleslav the Bold. Umbhali womlando wakudala wasePoland, uGall Anonymous, ubhala ukuthi uBoleslav wayezithanda lezi zinja, kepha ukhuluma ngazo njengohlobo lwangaphandle, lwaseCzech.
Imininingwane ephelele ephelele ivela kamuva kakhulu, emithonjeni yaseFrance. UJules Michelet ubachaza encwadini yakhe ethi Histoire de France. Izinja ezintathu zanikelwa yinkosi yaseCzech uCharles IV, uCharles V waseFrance. Okwenzeka enjeni yesithathu akwaziwa, kodwa ezimbili zathathwa yindodana kaCharles VI.
Ngenxa yenjongo yayo ebonakalayo, lo mhlobo wakwazi ukusinda ekwehleni kweNkathi Ephakathi, waba nezimpande phakathi kwabantu abavamile. Nge-Renaissance, isekhona, ngaphezu kwalokho, yasuka ezinqabeni yaya ezigodlweni. Esikhundleni sokukhulunywa ngemibhalo, ama-warliks manje akhonjiswa emidwebeni njengabangane bezikhulu.
Ngekhulu le-19 leminyaka, intshisekelo kulolo hlobo lwehlobo yayiwele ngemuva kwesizinda seMiniature Pinscher esasaziwa ngaleso sikhathi. Izimpi Zomhlaba Zokuqala nezesibili ezalandela zacekela phansi inzalo yalolu hlobo. Izazi zamaCynologists uT.Rotter no-O. Karlik bazama ukuvuselela lo mhlobo, kepha iCzech Republic yayingaphansi kombuso weSoviet futhi izincwadi zomhlambi zalahleka.
Ukuvuselelwa kohlobo lwaqala ezweni lakubo ngo-1980, kodwa kuze kube sekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elilandelayo kwakungaziwa ngaphandle kwezwe. Namuhla akasongelwa, kepha inani labantu lincane.
Kunezinja ezingaba yizi-6,000, kanti futhi lolu hlobo alukaziwa yi-FCI. Ama-ratters ayethandwa kakhulu ezweni lakubo nasemazweni ase-USSR yangaphambili.
Incazelo
Zivame ukudideka namaChihuahuas noma amaPincher amancane. Ziyizinja ezinomusa, ezondile, ezinemilenze emide futhi emincane nentamo ende. Umzimba mfushane, ucishe ube yisikwele. Umsila uqonde. Ikhanda linomusa, limise okwepheya, linamehlo amnyama, aphumile.
Umlomo wesifinyezo mfushane, unokuma okumisiwe. Ekubuneni, zifinyelela ku-20-23 cm, zikala kusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-3.6 kg, kepha imvamisa zinesisindo esingaba ngu-2.6 kg.
Isici salolo hlobo umbala waso: mnyama nokumnyama noma nsundu nonsundu, ngamabala ebusweni, esifubeni nezidladla. Ibhantshi liyacwebezela, lifushane, lisondele emzimbeni.
Uhlamvu
Amagundane asePrague ahlala eduze kwabantu cishe iminyaka eyi-1000. Futhi ukube bezingahleki, zisebenza futhi zimnandi, akunakwenzeka ukuthi ngabe beziphumelele.
Lezi zinja ezincane zinamathele ngokujulile kubanikazi bazo, kepha futhi zinobuntu bazo. Bathanda imidlalo, umsebenzi, ukuba phakathi kwabantu futhi abathandi isithukuthezi nesizungu.
Ngaphandle kobukhulu bayo obunesizotha, imiyalo ifundwe kahle futhi inkambo eyisisekelo yokuqeqeshwa iphasiswa ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Bayalalela, bayathandana, bayathanda ukunakwa nokudumisa. Banganconywa kubafuyi bezinja ze-novice, ngoba azikho izinkinga ngokubusa, ukuhlukumeza noma indawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-krysariki ibonakala idalelwe ukuhlala efulethini. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, mancane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, awadingi ukuvivinya umzimba okuningi.
I-plus enkulu yokugcina efulethini kuzoba ukuthi bathule kakhulu. Ezinhlotsheni ezincane zezinja, lokhu akuyona into engajwayelekile, kepha cishe akunakwenzeka.
Kuma-minus, bangahlushwa yi-syndrome encane yezinja. Kepha, lokhu akulona iphutha labo, kepha abanikazi abangaqondi ukuthi inja akuyona ingane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isici sokuzingela sohlobo aluzange lunyamalale ngokuphelele futhi izinja ziphishekela izingwejeje, ama-hamsters, amagundane namagundane.
Ukunakekela
Kulula kakhulu, kuncane. Inja inengubo eqondile, okulula ukuyinakekela nosayizi omncane. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ezindlebeni, ezenzelwe ukuvumela ukungcola nezinto zangaphandle ukuthi zingene.
Ezempilo
Isikhathi sokuphila sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-12-14. Abahlushwa izifo ezikhethekile, kodwa ngenxa yokwengeza kwabo bavame ukuphuka nokulimala kweso.
