ICynotilapia afra noma inja ye-cichlid (Latin Cynotilapia afra, English afra cichlid) imbuna enemibala egqamile evela eLake Malawi e-Afrika.
Ukuphila emvelweni
ICynotilapia afra (eyayiyiParatilapia afra) yachazwa nguGunther ngonyaka we-1894. Igama lohlobo lingahunyushelwa ku-cichlid onamazinyo ayizinja (yingakho igama elithi cichlid enamazinyo ayizinja), futhi lichaza amazinyo acijile, athambile ayingqayizivele kulolu hlobo lwama-cichlids aseMalawi. Ligcwele eLake Malawi.
Lezi zinhlobo zisabalele ngasogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga kuze kufike eNga. Ngasogwini olusempumalanga, ingatholakala phakathi kweMakanjila Point neChuanga, iLumbaulo ne-Ikombe, futhi izungeze iziqhingi zaseChizumulu naseLikoma.
Le cichlid ihlala ezindaweni ezinamadwala asogwini lolwandle. Zitholakala ekujuleni okungafika kuma-40 m, kepha zivame kakhulu ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-5 - 20. Esehlathini, abesifazane abashadile noma bahlala ngamaqembu amancane emanzini avulekile, lapho zidla khona kakhulu nge-plankton.
Abesilisa bayindawo, bavikela indawo yabo emadwaleni, futhi badla ikakhulu ulwelwe olunzima, olunemicu enamathela emadwaleni.
Abesilisa bathanda ukudla emadwaleni aseduze nasekhaya. Abesifazane babuthana phakathi kwamanzi bese bedla iplankton.
Incazelo
Abesilisa bangakhula baze bafike ku-10 cm, abesifazane bavame ukuba bancane futhi abanemibala egqamile. ICynotilapia afra inomzimba ohlanganisiwe onemivimbo emile eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumnyama.
Kodwa-ke, kunemibala eminingi ehlukene yemibala kuye ngesifunda izinhlanzi ezivela kuso.
Isibonelo, inani labantu abavela eJalo Reef aliphuzi ngomzimba, kepha linomphetho omnyama ophuzi. Kweminye imiphakathi, awukho umbala ophuzi nhlobo, kanti eKobue umbala omkhulu.
Ukuxakaniseka kokuqukethwe
Kuyinhlanzi enhle kubo bobabili abaphambili nabanolwazi. Kungaba lula ukuyigcina, kuya ngokuthanda kwe-aquarist ukwenza ushintsho lwamanzi njalo nokugcina izimo zamanzi zanele.
I-cichlid enobudlova ngokulingene, kepha ayifanele ama-aquariums ajwayelekile, futhi ayikwazi ukugcinwa nezinhlanzi ngaphandle kwama-cichlids. Ngokulungiswa okulungile, ivumelanisa kalula ukondla, izalane kalula, futhi izilwane ezincane kulula ukuzikhulisa.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Iningi le-aquarium kufanele libe nezinqwaba zamadwala abekwe akha imigede enamanzi amancane avulekile phakathi. Kungcono ukusebenzisa i-substrate enesihlabathi.
ICynotilapia afra inokuthambekela kokusiphula izitshalo ngokumba njalo. Amapharamitha wamanzi: izinga lokushisa 25-29 ° C, pH: 7.5-8.5, ubulukhuni 10-25 ° H.
Ama-cichlids aseMalawi azokwehlisa isithunzi ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi zamanzi. Shintsha amanzi asuke ku-10% aye ku-20% ngeviki kuya ngomthwalo wezinto eziphilayo.
Ukondla
Okudliwayo.
E-aquarium, bazodla ukudla okubandayo nokudla bukhoma, ama-flakes asezingeni eliphakeme, ama-pellets, i-spirulina nokunye ukudla okune-omnivorous cichlid. Bazodla kuze kufike ezingeni lapho bengakwazi ukugaya khona ukudla, ngakho-ke qaphela ukuthi ungadli ngokweqile.
Kuhlale kungcono kakhulu ukubapha ukudla okuncane izikhathi eziningana ngosuku esikhundleni sesidlo esisodwa esikhulu.
Izinhlanzi zizokwamukela okuningi kokudla okunikezwayo, kodwa izinto zokutshala ezifana ne-spirulina, isipinashi, njll. Kufanele kube yiyona ndlela yokudla.
Ukuhambisana
Njengembuna eziningi, i-afra iyinhlanzi enolaka futhi yendawo okufanele igcinwe kuphela ohlotsheni noma ethangini elihlanganisiwe.
Lapho uxubana, ngokuvamile kungcono kakhulu ukugwema izinhlobo ezifanayo. Kungumkhuba ojwayelekile ukugcina owesilisa oyedwa enezinsikazi eziningana, njengoba lolu hlobo lusithembu futhi lunabafazi.
Lezi zinhlobo zinolaka kakhulu kwamanye amalungu ohlobo olufanayo, futhi ukuba khona kwezinye kuyasiza ukuqeda ukuhlukunyezwa.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Abesilisa banemibala egqame kakhulu kunabesifazane.
Ukuzala
Ngokuzala, iqembu lokuzalisa owesilisa oyedwa nabesifazane abangama-3-6 kunconywa.
Ukuzalela kwenzeka ngasese. Indoda iyokhetha indawo phakathi kwamatshe noma imbe umgodi ngaphansi kwedwala elikhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho uzobhukuda azungeze umnyango wale ndawo, azame ukuheha abesifazane ukuba bahlangane naye.
Angaba nolaka kakhulu ezifisweni zakhe, futhi ngenhloso yokuqeda lolu dlame ukuthi kungcono ukugcina abesifazane abangafika kwabayisithupha ezindaweni zokuzalela. Lapho insikazi isilungile, izobhukuda iye lapho izalela khona bese izalela amaqanda khona, ngemuva kwalokho izowangenisa emlonyeni wayo ngokushesha.
Owesilisa unamachashaza onqenqemeni lwendunu olufana namaqanda esifazane. Lapho ezama ukuwafaka kulenkukhu esemlonyeni wakhe, empeleni uthola isidoda esivela kowesilisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuvundiswe amaqanda.
Insikazi ingachamisela amazinyane ayi-15-30 amaqanda amasonto ama-3 ngaphambi kokukhipha ifry yokubhukuda mahhala. Ngeke adle ngalesi sikhathi. Uma insikazi icindezeleke ngokweqile, ingahle ikhafule noma idle amazinyane ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kufanele kuqashelwe uma uthatha isinqumo sokuhambisa izinhlanzi ukugwema ukubulala ifry.
Amafry angaba nesikhwama se-yolk lapho ekhishwa futhi awadingi ukondliwa aze aphele.
Uma zikhishwa ngaphandle kwama-yolk sacs, ungaqala ukondla ngokushesha. Zikhulu ngokwanele ukwamukela i-brine shrimp nauplii kusukela ekuzalweni.
