I-Harrier noma i-English hound hound (i-English Harrier) uhlobo oluphakathi kwezinja ezivela eqenjini lama-hounds, elisetshenziselwa ukuzingela ama-hares ngokuwalandelela. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezindala kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-hounds aseBrithani. Uhlobo luthatha isikhundla esimaphakathi ngosayizi nokubukeka phakathi kwe-English Foxhound neBeagle.
Umlando wozalo
Azikho izinhlobo eziningi zezinja umlando wazo ongaziwa futhi oyimpikiswano njengomlando we-harrier. Okuningi kwalokho okubhekwa njengomlando wohlobo lokucabanga okumsulwa, okungenasisekelo sangempela.
Akungabazeki ukuthi lolu hlobo lwadalwa eNgilandi, nokuthi inhloso enkulu yalolu hlobo kwakuwukuzingela unogwaja, kwesinye isikhathi nempungushe. Ngokubukeka, ubumnene nokuzimisela, uhlobo lolo lufana kakhulu nebhungane. Izinja ezimbili cishe zinomlando ofana kakhulu. Ngeshwa, umlando webhova uyaxaka futhi uyimpikiswano njengomlando wonogwaja.
Izinja ezifana nalezi zesimanjemanje sezitholakele e-British Isles. Kunobunye ubufakazi obungokomlando obukhombisa ukuthi izinhlobo ze-hound kwakungezamaCelt aseBrithani yangaphambi kweRoma. Uma kunjalo, khona-ke imvelaphi yalolo hlobo kufanele ukuthi yavela emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu.
Ngeshwa, lobu bufakazi abucaci kahle, futhi akusho ukuthi lowo othintekayo uyinzalo eqondile yalezi zinja. Ukube lezi zinja bezilapha, bekungekhona neze ukuzingela izimbila noma onogwaja.
Akekho onogwaja noma ama-hares ayezalwa e-British Isles futhi angeniswa uMbuso WaseRoma noma abathengisi boboya eNkathini Ephakathi. Kukhona nobufakazi bokuthi azikho kulezi zinhlobo ezaziningi kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-14 noma le-15.
NgeNkathi Ephakathi, ukuzingela nge-hounds kwaba umdlalo ophambili wezikhulu zaseYurophu. Ukuzingela ngama-hounds kwakungabalulekile nje kuphela njengendlela yokuzilibazisa, kodwa futhi njengendlela yokuqinisa ubudlelwane bomuntu siqu, bezepolitiki nobomndeni nokuxhumana. Kwaxoxwa ngezinqumo eziningi ezibalulekile zenziwa ngenkathi amakhosi esazingela.
IFrance ibalulekile kulo lonke elaseYurophu, yaphenduka indawo ephambili yokuzingela nokuzalanisa ama-hound. Ngesinye isikhathi phakathi kuka-750 no-900 AD, izindela zaseMonastery yaseSaint Hubert zaqala uhlelo oluhlelekile lokuzalanisa ukudala i-hound ephelele. Umphumela womsebenzi wabo kwaba ukudala i-Bloodhound, futhi unyaka nonyaka imibhangqwana eminingi yayithunyelwa eNkosini yaseFrance njengesipho. Khona-ke inkosi yaseFrance yazabela lezi zinja izicukuthwane zayo, yazisabalalisa kulo lonke elaseFrance. Ukuphumelela kwala ma-hound kuholele abazingeli kulo lonke elaseFrance ukuthi bafune ukuthuthukisa izinhlobo zabo zezinja ezihlukile.
Ngo-1066 iNgilandi yanqotshwa amaNorman, ayeyinzalo yamaViking ayezinze eFrance futhi afakwa emasikweni aseFrance. AmaNorman abe nomthelela omkhulu olimini lwesiNgisi, emasikweni nakwezepolitiki.
Babuye bathonya nokuzingela kwama-hound amaNgisi. Ukuzingelwa kwama-hound aseBrithani sekuzuze ukubaluleka kwamasiko amaningi futhi sekubuye kwenziwa ngokwengeziwe. Mhlawumbe okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuzalanisa ama-hound amaNgisi sekwenziwe kwaba semthethweni ngokwengeziwe, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezikhulu. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaNorman aletha izinhlobo eziningana zama-hounds nawo eNgilandi, yize yikuphi okuphikisanayo.
Lezi zinja zaseFrance zithonye konke ukuzaliswa kwama-hound esikhathini esizayo eNgilandi, yize kuphikiswana ngezinga lethonya lazo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi izinja ezifana neHarrier neFoxhound zehla cishe ngokuphelele kulezi zingulube zaseFrance, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi bazalwa ngokuphelele ezinhlotsheni zomdabu zaseBrithani ngegazi elengeziwe laseFrance.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ngemuva kweNorman Conquest, kwakukhona okungenani izinhlobo ezintathu zama-hound ezingazange ziphele, mhlawumbe kwaze kwaba ngawo-1800: i-hound eseningizimu, i-hound esenyakatho ne-talbot. Ngeshwa, izincazelo ezinhle kunazo zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zaqala ngawo-1700s noma kamuva, lapho lezi zinja zazingavamile kakhulu noma mhlawumbe zingasekho.
Ukukhulunywa okokuqala okubhaliwe kweHarrier kwavela cishe eminyakeni engamakhulu amabili ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kukaNorman. Okungenani umhlambi owodwa wagcinwa eNgilandi ngo-1260. Kunengqondo nje ukuthi izinja zokuzingela izidleke zokuzingela zazithandwa kakhulu eNgilandi ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi kwakungalesi sikhathi lapho izinkumbi kanye nonogwaja baqala ukwaziwa kahle futhi baqala ukwanda ngamanani.
Abanye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lezi zinja bekungezona izinhlobo zanamuhla ze-harrier, kepha bekungezinye izinja zokuzingela ezihlanganyela leli gama nezanamuhla.
Kepha lokhu akunakwenzeka... Ukube lezi zinja ezisuka ku-1260 bezingokhokho bale harier yesimanje, lokhu kungasho ukuthi lo mhlobo uneminyaka cishe engama-800 ubudala. Njengoba igama lisho (i-English hare hound), ngisho nabamele bokuqala balolu hlobo babelwa ukuxosha ama-hares kanye nonogwaja.
Kuvame ukuphikiswa ukuthi i-harrier yakhuliswa kwi-English Foxhound. Labo abakholelwa kulokhu bacabanga ukuthi amaFoxhound amaNgisi amancane awelelwa ndawonye futhi mhlawumbe ahlanganiswa nezimbungulu ukudala uhlamvu oluncane. Vele, amaHarriers namaNgisi amaFoxhound afana kakhulu ngokubukeka. Ngokwengeziwe, ziye zakhuliswa ndawonye amakhulu eminyaka futhi ziyaqhubeka nokuhlangana eNgilandi.
Kodwa-ke, amaFoxhound awazange akhuliswe kuze kube yi-1500s kanye ne-1600s, ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amabili ngemuva kwamarekhodi okuqala ama-harriers. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abanye balabo abafunde ngokuthuthuka kwamaFoxhounds bathi kunogwaja abasetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amaFoxhounds.
Izithiyo sekuyisikhathi eside zihlukile phakathi kwezinja zokuzingela amaphakethe ngoba zinkulu futhi zishesha ngokwanele ukuhambisana namahhashi ekuzingeleni kwendabuko. Banekhono ngokulinganayo ekuzingeleni izimpungushe noma onogwaja. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo, ikakhulukazi ngokwesilwane esisetshenzisiwe, sekuyisikhathi eside kubenze baba mnandi phakathi kwabazingeli.
Kodwa-ke, lezi zinja azisheshi njengamaFoxhounds futhi zishesha ukudlula amaBeagles futhi zizonikeza noma ngubani ozama ukuzilandela ngezinyawo umthwalo omuhle. Lokhu kushoda kwamakhono kunoma iyiphi into eyodwa kunciphise ukuthandwa kwabo isikhathi eside.
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka ye-1700, abafuyi abaningi babegcina amarekhodi anembile ezinja zabo futhi benze nezincwadi zemihlambi. Lokhu kusize ekuqinisekiseni isimo sabo esihlanzekile. Lawa kwakungamarekhodi okuqala anemininingwane ngokuzalaniswa kwezinja futhi ayengabanduleli bamakilabhu ezinkukhu zanamuhla.
Ngaleso sikhathi, izithiyo zase zakhiwe amakhulu eminyaka, futhi mhlawumbe nangaphezulu. Noma kunjalo, awekho amarekhodi agciniwe. Kusukela ngawo-1800, abalimi ngabanye baqala ukugcina amarekhodi anembile. I-Association of Harriers and Beagle Owners (AMHB) yasungulwa ngoMashi 1891. Imisebenzi yokuqala ebhekane nenhlangano yabahamba ngezinyawo kwaba ukushicilela incwadi yokufunda ngo-1891 nokuqala umbukiso ePeterborough ngo-1892.
Ekuqaleni, izithiyo zazidume kakhulu futhi ziningi kunezimbungulu ezincane. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lesi simo sesishintshe kakhulu. Yize ibhungane lingajwayelekile kakhulu eNgilandi kunase-United States nakwezinye izingxenye zomhlaba, lithandwa kakhulu ezweni lalo kune-harrier.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-harrier ayaziwa njengeklabhu yekennel eyinhloko e-United Kingdom, futhi akekho noyedwa obhalisiwe kusukela ngo-1971.
IHarrier ayikaze ithandwe eringini lombukiso noma njengesilwane esihambisana nayo. Lolu uhlobo lokuzingela ngapha nangapha. Ngokungafani neFoxhound neBeagle, i-harrier ayikaze ithandwe ngempela ngaphandle kweNgilandi. Ngaphandle kwesikhashana esifushane ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 eMelika, i-harrier yayingavamile ukusetshenziselwa imihlambi emikhulu ngaphandle kweNgilandi ne-Ireland.
Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo luhlale luyinja ejwayelekile yokuzingela ezweni lakubo amakhulu eminyaka. Izinguquko emasikweni nasemphakathini ziholele eqinisweni lokuthi inani lalo mhlobo belilokhu lehla njalo kusukela ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1900, futhi manje sekukhona ingxenye yesihlanu kuphela yezinja eNgilandi ezazineminyaka eyikhulu edlule.
Incazelo
I-harrier ibonakala iyisixhumanisi esiphakathi phakathi kwe-beagle ne-foxhound. Lokhu kungukufaniswa kwenja enosayizi ophakathi nendawo, abesilisa nabesifazane ekubuneni bangama-48-50 + 5 cm futhi banesisindo esingu-20-27 kg. Kufanele babe nemisipha ngokweqile futhi babonakale beqinile futhi benempilo, yize abazingeli bengabonakala bebancane.
Isifonyo sijwayelekile nge-hound yesiNgisi. Lezi zinja zinomlomo omude kunamabhere, kepha zimfushane kuneFoxhounds. Izinja eziningi zinamehlo amnyama, kepha izinja ezikhanyayo zingaba namehlo alula. Izindlebe ziphansi. Ngokuvamile, inja inezifonyo ezifudumele, ezinobungane nezincengayo kancane.
Inja inengubo emfushane, ebushelelezi, ecishe ifane naleyo yebhungane. Uboya obusezindlebeni ngokuvamile buncane futhi bufishane kunokomzimba wonke. Ngokuvamile kuthiwa i-hound enhle ingaba yimuphi umbala. Umbala awuthathwa njengobaluleke kakhulu emazingeni ohlobo futhi lezi zinja zingaba nemibala ehlukene. Iningi liyi-tricolor, imvamisa enesihlalo esimnyama ngemuva.
Umzimba wakheke kahle futhi unamandla. Lolu uhlobo lokuzingela oluzinikele futhi kufanele lubukeke njengalo.
Uhlamvu
Yize i-harrier ingavamile kakhulu, ifana kakhulu nesimo se-beagle encane futhi ethandwa kakhulu.
Lezi zinja ziyaziwa ngobumnene bazo nothando lwabantu. Bafuna ukuhlala ephaketheni ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi bazimisele ukwamukela iningi labantu njengamalungu epakethe futhi bakwenza ngokushesha. Ikakhulu, baziwa ngokubekezelela kakhulu futhi bathande izingane.
Izithiyo zinedumela lokuba ngolunye lwezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu zezingane.
Yize lolu hlobo luzoxwayisa abanikazi balo ngokusondela komuntu ongamazi, alunakusetshenziswa njengenja yokubuka. Lokhu kungaba yisinqumo esingesihle neze, ngoba inja egadayo ingakhetha ukufudumala ikhothe umuntu kunokuhlasela. Abanye bangaba nokwesaba okuncane ngabantu abasha, kepha abavamile ukuba nolaka.
Uma ufuna inja yomndeni, lapho ihlangana kahle, izokwamukela ngenjabulo izivakashi nomakhelwane, iHarrier ingaba yisinqumo esihle. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-harrier iqonde kakhulu epakethe kangangokuba umhlambi wenza umsebenzi ompofu kakhulu uma ushiywe wedwa. Uma kufanele ushiye inja yakho isikhathi eside, khona-ke iHarrier ayilona uhlobo oluhle kakhulu kuwe.
Uhlobo luye lwaba khona njengomzingeli wamaphakethe amakhulu eminyaka, imvamisa lisebenza ngokubambisana nezinja ezingama-50 noma ngaphezulu. Ngenxa yalokho, bayezwana nezinye izinja. Eqinisweni, amanye amazinga wokuzala athi noma yikuphi ukuhlukumeza akwamukeleki emigqeni. Iningi lifunisisa ukuzibandakanya nezinye izinja futhi liyajabula lapho lingabelana ngempilo yazo nazo.
Iningi lama-hobbyists seluleka abanikazi ukuthi bathole okungenani umlingani oyedwa we-canine. Uma ubheka ukuletha inja yakho endlini nezinye izinja, kunezinhlobo eziningana ezifaneleke kakhulu kune-harrier. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi uqaphele lapho wethula izinja ezimbili ezintsha, futhi okunye ukubusa nokwesabisa kufanele kulindelwe njengoba bethola isigaba sabaphathi.
Yize iHarrier yaziwa ngokuthanda kakhulu abantu nezinye izinja, akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu yokuzijabulisa nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Lezi zinja ziye zazalelwa ukuzingela nokubulala izilwane ezincane (ikakhulukazi onogwaja) amakhulu eminyaka. B
Iningi lezinja ezikhona namuhla azikho ngaphezu kwezizukulwane ezimbili kude namaphakethe wokuzingela futhi zisaligcina leli drive elinamandla lokudla. Lokhu akusho ukuthi inja ayikwazi ukuhlangana nezinye izilwane futhi izwane kahle. Amakhulu amaningi eminyaka wokuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kwabo namahhashi ayakuphikisa lokhu.
Khumbula nje ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa nokuzihlanganisa nabantu kuyisihluthulelo, nokuthi isithiyo, esingumngani omkhulu wekati elihlala ekhaya laso, singajaha ikati likamakhelwane. Yize kungelona neze uhlobo olukhulu, ngokuqinisekile lukhulu futhi luqine ngokwanele ukuba lungaletha ukulimala kabi futhi kungenzeka ibulale ikati.
Yize iqotho kubantu futhi ihlakaniphe ngokumangazayo, iHarrier ingaba yinja enzima kakhulu ukuyiqeqesha. Wazalelwa ukuzingela inyamazane amahora amaningi, ngaphandle kokuma noma ukuyeka. Ngenxa yalokhu, lolu hlobo luzimisele ngokweqile futhi lunenkani.
Uma ujwayele ukuqeqesha izinhlobo ezinjengeLabrador Retriever noma iGerman Shepherd, i-harrier kungenzeka ikunikeze ukukhungatheka okuningi. Lezi zinja ziyaqeqeshwa, kepha kuzodingeka uchithe isikhathi esiningi nomzamo ukuziqeqesha kunokuqeqesha inja elalelayo. Ngisho nezithiyo eziqeqeshwe kakhulu zithambekele ekwenzeni okufunayo futhi zaziwa ngokulalela ngokukhetha.
Abanikazi ngokuvamile abayitholi imiphumela yokufunda abayifunayo ngempela. Uma ufuna uhlobo olulalela kakhulu, kufanele ubheke kwenye indawo. Esinye sezeluleko zokuqeqeshwa ukuthi kunezimbalwa izinhlobo ezigqugquzelwa ukuthi zidliwe njenge-harrier. Noma imuphi umbandela wokuqeqesha walezi zinja kufanele ubandakanye ukusetshenziswa okunzima kokuphathwa.
Njengamanye ama-hounds amaningi, i-harrier ihlala izolile uma isendlini. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi uhlobo luvilapha. Bayakwazi ukusebenza ngejubane eliphakeme amahora amaningana.
Ziyizilwane zemidlalo ezinamandla okwenza amandla nokukhuthazela okumangalisayo. Kufanele ubanikeze imithwalo edingekayo. Ukuhamba okuvamile, okude kuyadingeka, futhi kusebenza kahle. Uma i-hound ingaqeqeshiwe kahle, ingaba yisicefe, iphakamise izwi futhi ilimaze.
Lezi zinja zazalelwa ukuthatha umzila bese zilandela. Bazolandela amakhala abo cishe yonke indawo, bangavumeli lutho lubavimbe. Lezi zinja nazo zingagijima amabanga amade ngendlela esheshayo futhi kungaba ngamamayela kude.
IHarrier ivame ukungazinaki izingcingo zokubuyela emuva, futhi ingahle ingazinaki ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kuphoqelekile ukuthi lezi zinja zigcinwe ziboshwe ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho zingekho endaweni evikelekile ebiyelwe.
Kubalulekile ukuthi noma yiluphi uthango luphephe kakhulu ngoba bahlakaniphe ngokwanele futhi bayakwazi ukuhamba phakathi, ngaphansi noma ngaphezulu kocingo oluningi.
Yizinja ezikhuluma kakhulu. Abazingeli abaningi babheka i-harrier barking njengenye yezinja ezinhle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, edolobheni lanamuhla, lokhu kungadala izinkinga. Ngisho nenja eqeqeshwe kahle futhi evuselelwe kakhulu izokwenza imisindo ebaluleke kakhulu kunanoma iluphi olunye uhlobo.
Kunezinye izinkinga eziningana ezaziwayo zokuziphatha. Abantu abaningi bathanda ukumba nokucekela phansi ingadi yakho. Bazothola futhi badle noma yikuphi ukudla abangafika kukho. Abanikazi kumele bathathe ezinye izindlela zokuqapha ukonga ukudla kwabo.
Ukunakekela
Enye yezidingo eziphansi kakhulu zesondlo. Uhlobo aludingi ukuzilungisa kobuchwepheshe, futhi iningi ludinga ukuxubha njalo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi uhlobo alupheli.
Iningi lichitha ngokulingene, kepha ezinye zingachitha kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifudumele. Uma wena noma ilungu lomndeni wakho unenkinga yokungezwani komzimba noma ungeke ukwazi ukubhekana nomqondo wezinwele zezinja, khona-ke lolu hlobo mhlawumbe akulona uhlobo oluhle kakhulu kuwe.
Abanikazi kufanele banake ngokukhethekile izindlebe zalolu hlobo. Njengezinhlobo eziningi ezinamacici, zinokuthambekela kokuthola ukungcola nokubambeka ezindlebeni zazo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwezindlebe nokungakhululeki. Ukuvimbela lokhu, udinga ukuhlanza izindlebe zakho njalo.
Ezempilo
Uhlobo olunempilo kakhulu. Lezi zinja zigcinwe cishe kuphela njengezilwane zomdlalo amakhulu eminyaka.Noma ikuphi ukuphazamiseka kofuzo kungenza inja ingakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yayo futhi kungafakwa eqenjini elizalisayo.
Isikhathi sokuphila esimaphakathi siyiminyaka eyi-12 kuya kwengu-15, okuyiminyaka ehlonishwa kakhulu yinja yalolu sayizi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlobo alukho engcupheni yezifo ezizuzwe ngofuzo.
Isifo sezempilo esivame ukubikwa kakhulu kwizithiyo yi-hip dysplasia, ebuye ivame kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi.
I-hip dysplasia ibangelwa ukungalungi kokujoyina kwe-hip. Lokhu kubangela ukungahambi kahle ngokwamazinga ahlukahlukene, kusuka kumnene kuya kokubi kakhulu. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-hip dysplasia ingaholela ekulimaleni.
