Umuntu ungumqhele wokuziphendukela kwemvelo, akekho ophikisana nalokhu, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye, abantu, njengabanye abamele izilwane, benza umthelela ongalungiseki emvelweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okwenziwa ngabantu ezimweni eziningi kubi ngokweqile, kuyinhlekelele. Kuyinto ithonya lomuntu emvelweni ngokuvamile elibizwa ngokuthi i-anthropogenic factor.
Izinkinga ezihambisana nomthelela wesici se-anthropogenic
Ukuvela okungaguquki kwesintu nentuthuko yaso kuletha ushintsho olusha emhlabeni. Ngenxa yomsebenzi obalulekile womphakathi wesintu, iplanethi ihlala iqhubekela enhlekeleleni yezemvelo. Ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke, izimbobo ze-ozone, ukuphela kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nokunyamalala kwezitshalo kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nomthelela wento yomuntu. Ngokusho kososayensi, ngenxa yokukhula okuqhubekayo kwabantu, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imiphumela yezenzo zabantu izothinta umhlaba obazungezile, futhi uma kungathathwa izinyathelo ezidingekayo, yiHomo sapiens engaba ukufa okuyimbangela yakho konke ukuphila emhlabeni.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezici ze-anthropogenic
Esikhathini sempilo yakhe, umuntu ngamabomu, noma hhayi ngenhloso, njalo, ngandlela thile, uphazamisa umhlaba omzungezile. Zonke izinhlobo zokuphazanyiswa okunjalo zihlukaniswe ngezici zethonya elilandelayo ze-anthropogenic:
- engaqondile;
- Qondile;
- okuyinkimbinkimbi.
Izici eziqondile zethonya imisebenzi yesikhashana yesintu engathinta imvelo. Lokhu kufaka ukugawulwa kwamahlathi ngenxa yokwakha imizila yezokuthutha, ukomisa imifula namachibi, ukugcwala kweziza ezithile zomhlaba zokwakha isiteshi sikagesi sikagesi, njll.
Izici ezingaqondile ukungenelela okunesikhathi eside, kepha ukulimala kwabo akubonakali futhi kuzwakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi: ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni kanye nentuthu elandelayo, imisebe, ukungcola kwenhlabathi namanzi.
Izici eziyinkimbinkimbi ziyinhlanganisela yezinto ezimbili zokuqala ezihlangene ezinomthelela omubi emvelweni. Isibonelo: ukuguqulwa komhlaba nokwandiswa kwamadolobha kuholela ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezincelisayo.
Izigaba zezici ze-anthropogenic
Ngokulandelayo, umthelela ngamunye wesikhathi eside noma wesikhathi esifushane emvelweni yemvelo ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezilandelayo:
- ngokomzimba:
- eziphilayo;
- kwezenhlalo.
Izici zomzimba ezihlotshaniswa nokwakhiwa kokwakhiwa kwezimoto, ukwakhiwa kwezindiza, ukuthuthwa kwezitimela, izikhungo zamandla enuzi, irokhethi nokuhamba emkhathini okunomuntu kuholela ekunyakaziseni okungapheli kobuso bomhlaba, obungeke bubonakale ezilwaneni ezizungezile.
Izici zebhayoloji ukuthuthukiswa kwezolimo, ukuguqulwa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhona kanye nokwenza ngcono izinhlobo zezilwane, ukuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo ezintsha, ngasikhathi sinye, ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezintsha zamagciwane nezifo ezingathinta kabi izitshalo noma izilwane.
Izici zomphakathi - ubudlelwano ngaphakathi kohlobo oluthile: ithonya labantu komunye nomunye nasemhlabeni wonkana. Lokhu kufaka ukugcwala kwabantu, izimpi, ipolitiki.
Izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga ezivelayo
Kulesi sigaba sokukhula kwaso, ubuntu buya ngokuya becabanga ngomthelela omubi wemisebenzi yabo emvelweni kanye nezinsongo ezihambisana nakho. Kakade, kuthathwa izinyathelo zokuqala ukuxazulula izinkinga ezivelile: ukuguqukela kwezinye izinhlobo zamandla, ukwenziwa kweziqiqi, ukulahlwa kukadoti, ukuxazululwa kwezingxabano ngezindlela ezinokuthula. Kepha zonke lezi zinyathelo ezingenhla zincane ngokwedlulele ngomphumela obonakalayo, ngakho-ke abantu kufanele bacabange kabusha isimo sabo sengqondo ngemvelo neplanethi bese bethola izindlela ezintsha zokuxazulula izinkinga esezivele zenzeka ngesikhathi somsebenzi wabantu futhi zivimbele umthelela wazo omubi ngokuzayo.
