Izinkalankala zaseKamchatka isikhathi eside babeyisibiliboco esihle okwakungeke kube yiwo wonke umuntu onamandla okukuthenga. Intengo ephezulu yalo mkhiqizo ikakhulukazi ngenxa yobunzima obungavela lapho kubanjwa izinkalankala.
Abadobi bekufanele baqale ukubamba izinkalankala ngo-Okthoba, kepha akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi babambe kahle ngalesi sikhathi. Kwezinye izimo, ukubanjwa okujwayelekile kungatholakala ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Izinkalankala zivunwa oLwandle iBering, lapho ngalesi sikhathi sonyaka izinga lokushisa kwamanzi lehla kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi lize lifike ku-4 degrees Celsius.
Izindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza nazo zihlotshaniswa nobungozi obuphezulu obuhambisana nokuphuma olwandle lapho kunomoya ovunguzayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, amagagasi afinyelela kumamitha amathathu ukuphakama, okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu emsebenzini wamatilosi. Abanye babo baqhathanisa umsebenzi wabo ne-roller coaster, nomehluko wokuthi badinga ukuhlala kuzo izinsuku eziningana zilandelana ngaphandle kokuphumula.
Akuwona wonke umuntu ozokwazi ukumelana nezimo zokusebenza ezinjalo. Akekho omunye wabadobi ovikelekile ekuweleni olwandle, okugcina njengokufa. Ngezinga lobungozi ukubamba izinkalankala ingaqhathaniswa neminye imisebenzi ngesikhathi sobutha ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Naphezu kwazo zonke izici ezingezinhle, indawo yokudoba izinkalankala ibinganciphisi nje ijubane muva nje, kepha isiyaqhubeka nokuqina. Lokhu kungenxa yokususwa kwemikhawulo ekubanjweni kwenkalankala, eyamukelwa emuva eminyakeni yama-90 yekhulu elidlule, lapho inani lohlobo lacishe labhujiswa ngezandla zabadobi abamnyama. Okwamanje, yonke imikhawulo isusiwe, ngakho-ke osomabhizinisi basebenzisa lesi sikhathi ukukhulisa inzuzo yabo.
Ukuqola umsebenzi onzima futhi oyingozi
Akuyona yonke inkalankala eKamchatka efanayo
Naphezu kokufana okuhlobene, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zihlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zenkalankala - inkalankala ebomvu "inkosi" kanye ne "strigun". Uma izinkalankala zeqhwa zivame ukuba nesisindo esivela ku-0.5 kuye ku-1.5 kg., Futhi zivame kakhulu, khona-ke inkalankala ebomvu yinkomishi yangempela enesisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-3-5. Inkalankala enkulu kunazo zonke yaseKamchatka yayinesisindo esiqophile samakhilogremu ayi-12, kanti ubude bemilenze ngayinye babuyimitha elilodwa nohhafu.
Izinkalankala zaseKamchatka nazo zihlukaniswe zaba izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi, kuye ngokuthi zihlala kuphi. Ngakho-ke, oLwandle lwase-Okhotsk, kutholakala izinkalankala zaseNtshonalanga Kamchatka nase-Ayano-Shantar, naseLwandle iBering - inkalankala iBristol. Kukhona ama-subspecies atholakala eduze nogu lwasePacific asondele kakhulu e-United States - inkalankala yase-Alaska.
Esithombeni kunenkalankala yaseKamchatka Strigun
Izici zokuzingela inkalankala yaseKamchatka
Ukudoba eKamchatka kuqala ngo-10-15 Okthoba kuze kube uMeyi. Isikhathi sokuzingela sihlobene ngqo nezimpawu zempilo yesilwane. NgoMeyi, ukubekwa kwamaqanda kuqala futhi le nkathi yokuzala iphela ngoSepthemba, lapho kuvela izinkalankala ezincane kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkalankala yowesilisa neyesilisa iya ezindaweni zokuncibilikisa.
Lapho, bavundisa amaqanda amasha bawafukamele kuze kufike inkathi entsha yokufuduka. Ngalesi sikhathi, azikwazi ukubanjwa, ngoba uma kungenjalo ukuzala okungokwemvelo kuzophazamiseka, abantu bonke bangabhujiswa. Uma uzingela izinkalankala ngesikhathi sokuzala, ngeke zikwazi ukuzala inzalo entsha ezongena esikhundleni sazo.
Kunesinye isizathu esenza ukuthi umndeni we-crab ungaphazanyiswa - izinkalankala ezincane zingangena kalula ezingibeni zenkalankala. Azikabaluleki njengezilwane zomdlalo wezilwane, bezingenasikhathi sokunikeza inzalo ezizongena esikhundleni sazo. Lesi yisizathu esibi futhi ngenxa yokuthi isikhathi sokuzingela sigcinwa ngokuqinile ngaphakathi kwemingcele yaseRussia.
Izilwane zivikelwe umthetho osemthethweni, kanti nabazingeli abangekho emthethweni nabo banciphisa umsebenzi wabo ngalesi sikhathi. Ukukhula okuncane okubanjiwe ngeke kujabulise ngemali engenayo ebonakalayo, kepha izinhlawulo zoMnyango Wezolimo zizoletha ukulahleka okukhulu. Izifunda zinikezwe ilungelo, ngesisekelo sezincomo zososayensi neziphathimandla zendawo, ukusetha izikhathi zokuzingela ngazinye.
I-Primorye yaziwa ngokuthi ukuzingelwa kwenkalankala akuvunyelwe kusuka ngoMeyi kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Agasti, kunezindawo lapho ukuvinjelwa kusebenza khona kuze kube maphakathi no-Septhemba. Ogwini lwaseKamchatka, izilwane zingabanjwa kuze kube ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Kukhona nezinye izindawo ogwini lapho ukuvinjelwa kusebenza khona unyaka wonke.
Ibanjwa kanjani inkalankala yaseKamchatka? Izindlela eziyisisekelo
Izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zithandwa phakathi kwabadobi baseKamchatka ukubamba inkalankala yaseKamchatka:
- Ngokwami.
- Ngosizo lwabadali benkalankala.
- I-Trot.
Indlela elula yokubamba inkalankala yaseKamchatka ngesandla. Akudingi imishini ekhethekile. Icebo lilele ekwazini indlela yokuziphatha kwezilwane. Izinkalankala zivame ukucasha eduze kwemifula futhi zikhasa ngaphansi kwamatshe. Umdonsa inkalankala udinga ukunamathela kuphela induku noma ummese endaweni yokukhosela ehlosiwe.
Imvelo izophoqelela inkalankala ukuthi ibambe leli thuluzi ngozipho lwalo, bese abadobi bacijela inyamazane phezulu bayicoshe ngenetha. Ukuze abambe izinkalankala kahle, abadobi bavame ukuzingela kabili. Omunye uthola inkalankala endaweni yabo yokukhosela, omunye umi ngomumo ngenetha. Imvamisa badoba ekuseni noma kusihlwa.
Indlela yesibili ukubamba inkalankala. Ochwepheshe bakubiza ngokuthi yibhodwe. Kuyimeshini yensimbi lapho kusala khona isihehi senkalankala. Okucacile ngesibambi senkalankala ukuthi isilwane singena kalula ngaphakathi, kodwa asikwazi ukuphuma. Isilwane futhi asifinyeleli esilingweni, ngakho-ke ungabamba izinkalankala kaninginingi ngesithiyelo esifanayo. Udinga nje ukukhipha isisulu sangaphambilini ogibeni.
I-trot iyithuluzi elenza okwezimboni elisetshenziselwa ukubamba imihlambi emikhulu yenkalankala. Ngokungafani nezindlela ezimbili zokuqala, i-trot ikusiza ukuthi ubambe izinkalankala khona olwandle oluvulekile. Ungasebenzisa ithuluzi elinjalo kuphela uma unekhono elithile, kepha ukubamba kuzoba phezulu kakhulu.
I-trot imisiwe phakathi kwama-buoy amabili futhi ibanjwe ngehange. Inkalankala ibamba isicupho futhi umdobi angayicosha emanzini ayigudluzele esibayeni esikhethekile esiqinile, lapho isilwane singeke siphume khona. Inzuzo ye-trot ukuthi ungasebenzisa izinhlobo eziningana zezicupho ngasikhathi sinye ngezithiyelo ezihlukile.
Ukudoba okuchwepheshe kwenkalankala yaseKamchatka
Ukubanjwa kwenkalankala yaseKamchatka kumanani ezentengiselwano, kubandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezihluke ngokuphelele nokusetshenziswa kwemishini ethile. Okudingeka kulokhu ukuthi kube khona umkhumbi okungenani wamamitha ayi-17 ubude, ozohlinzeka ngokuzimela okuzimele kude nogu izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukuhlala isikhathi eside olwandle kanye nokungenzeki kokudotshwa kwezinhlanzi ogwini kunquma isidingo sokuqhutshwa kwaso okuyisisekelo ngqo emkhunjini. Ukucutshungulwa okuyinhloko kufaka ukusika izitho, ukuhlanza nokukhuhla, ukukhipha, ukuqandisa kanye nokuqandisa.
Njengomthetho, ama-crab anglers abheka inyamazane yawo ngokungahleliwe. Imizila yokufuduka yenkalankala iyashintsha minyaka yonke, ayikho i-radar yesimanje ekwazi ukuyithola. Kuze kube yilapho umkhumbi ulayishwe ngokugcwele, umkhiqizo awumi.
Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha okungenani isonto. Izingibe ezinkulu zisetshenziselwa ukubamba, inani lazo elingafinyelela izingcezu ezingama-250. Isithiyelo silingiwe, esilayishwa ezingibeni, bese sehliselwa ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-100-120. Ngokuya ngenombolo, izingibe zingafinyelela kumamitha-skwele ayikhulu olwandle.
Indlela ebizwa ngokuthi "ukudoba ngomsakazo" ithathwa njengeyaziwayo. Ingqikithi yayo ukuthi imikhumbi eminingana ihlola indawo efanayo ngasikhathi sinye. Ngemuva kokuthola isiminyaminya esikhulu, umkhumbi owawuthola ubika izixhumanisi ezibethelwe kwabanye ngomsakazo. Imikhumbi iza endaweni ekhonjisiwe, ukudoba kuqala.
Ngasekupheleni kwayo, kuthunyelwa isitshalo esintantayo sokucubungula izinhlanzi ukuthi sihlangane nezinkalankala. Kuyadingeka ukuyidlulisela esitshalweni ezintantayo ngaphambi kokufa kwenkalankala yenkosi. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, ubuthi obakheka kunkala yokulala bungamosha.
Izici zokucubungula inkalankala yaseKamchatka
Ngokungafani nezimboni eziningi zokudla, indlela inkalankala eyenziwa ngayo ayikashintshi (ngaphezu kweminyaka eyikhulu). Manje kusetshenziswa ulwazi amaJapane aludlulisela kumatilosi aseRussia.
Isikhathi sokucubungula lesi silwane ngemuva kokususwa ogibeni akufanele sidlule amahora angu-4. Mayelana nalokhu, izilwane zidinga ukucutshungulwa ngqo olwandle, noma kochwepheshe. isitshalo, esivame ukutholakala eduze nogu. Uma isibanjiwe, izinkalankala zilungiswa ngokushesha ukuze zibiliswe. Okulandelayo, izinkalankala eziphekiwe ziyaqoqwa futhi zihanjiswe ezweni lonke.
Ngaphezu kwezinkalankala ezisemathinini, ungathenga nezinkalankala bukhoma, kepha intengo yomkhiqizo onjalo iphakeme kakhulu. Ososayensi nabachwepheshe bezokudla emhlabeni wonke basebenzela ukudala izindlela ezintsha zokuhambisa izinkalankala ukuze kugcinwe zonke izinto ezizuzisayo zenyama yenkalankala, kanye nokwenza umkhiqizo ungabizi kakhulu kumthengi.
Ubuchwepheshe besimanje ekusetshenzisweni kwenkalankala
Ososayensi balwela ukuthola indlela entsha yokusebenzisa izivikeli zemvelo ezokwenza ukuthi izinkalankala zithuthwe emabangeni amade ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yinzuzo yenkambiso yenyama yenkalankala. Okokuqala, babhekana nomphumela wokugcinwa kwemvelo njengosawoti, i-sorbitol, i-citric acid, njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bazama ukwenza ukusetshenziswa kwenyama yenkalankala ngaphandle kwemfucuza. Ngenxa yalokhu, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, abathengi bazoba nethuba lokuthenga izinkalankala noma kuphi ezweni kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuthenga imithi esuselwa ku-crusmarine. Ingatholakala ngokucubungula kwesibindi se-crab. Izinzuzo zalesi sakhi sezivele zifakazelwe ngokwesayensi odokotela nezazi zokudla.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, amagobolondo enkalankala nawo abaluleke kakhulu. I-Chitosan yinto ekhishwe kumagobolondo enkalankala. Isetshenziswa ngempumelelo ekwelapheni nasekuvimbeleni izifo ezahlukahlukene. Kakade, kunobuchwepheshe obenza sikwazi ukukhipha le nto kumagobolondo enkalankala.
Amagobolondo enkalankala aseKamchatka asetshenziswa kwezokwelapha
Ngosizo lwentuthuko entsha, kuzokwazi ukugwema udoti ongadingekile wezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuthola ithuba lokucubungula izinkalankala ngokuphelele. Namuhla, imikhiqizo yenkalankala isakazeke kakhulu emaketangeni okuthengisa. Noma ngubani angathenga inyama yenkalankala nganoma yisiphi isikhathi futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sosuku.
Ziyini izinzuzo zenyama yenkalankala?
Inyama yenkalankala yezentengiso - iKamchatka ne-opilio (aka strigun) - iwukudla okulula kwasolwandle okunempilo. Itholakala esiswini, emuva, emilenzeni nasezinzipho, inokunambitheka kwangempela okuntekenteke. Ingxenye eyinhloko yiprotheni, u-18-20 amagremu wayo aqukethe amagremu ayi-100 wesisindo senetha lenkalankala. Okuqukethwe kwekhalori kungu-73 kcal. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi kuthathwe njengomkhiqizo wokudla.
Ukusebenziseka kunqunywa ubukhona bokubunjwa kwayo:
- Amavithamini PP neqembu lonke B. Ukushoda kwabo kuthinta kabi umsebenzi wepheshana lokugaya ukudla.
- Iodine ibalulekile ekusebenzeni okujwayelekile kwendlala yegilo.
- I-calcium, ithusi, i-iron, i-potassium ne-phosphorus, evimbela ukungajwayelekile emsebenzini wenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
Inyama ye-crab icebile kuma-Omega-3 kanye ne-Omega-6 acid, abandakanyeka ekuhlanzeni igazi le-cholesterol embi I-DHA (docosahexaenoic) ne-EPA (eicosapentaenoic) acids zidlala indima ebalulekile emzimbeni womuntu.
Inyama yenkalankala yaseKamchatka ayiyona nje into ebabazekayo, kodwa futhi ingumkhiqizo onempilo
Ukuntuleka kwe-DHA ekudleni kwamantombazane akhulelwe kubangela ukukhula okungavamile kombungu. Ukudla okunomsoco ngesikhathi sokukhula kwe-intrauterine kunomphumela omuhle ekwakhekeni kobuchopho, izitho zombono, kanye nohlelo oluphambili lwezinzwa zomntwana.
Ukufakwa kwezinhlanzi zasolwandle kwimenyu kamama kuyisiqinisekiso sokuzalwa kwengane enempilo. Ezitolo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi eMoscow nakwamanye amadolobha, kunenketho enkulu yezinkalankala zaseKamchatka, izimbaza, nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zesalmon zekhwalithi enhle.
I-DHA ne-EPA yizinto ezandisa impilo ende. Akusikho nje ukuqondana kwezinto ukuthi amaJapane, lawo adla kakhulu izinhlanzi, izinkalankala nezimfanzi emhlabeni, ahole emhlabeni ngokuya ngenani labayikhulu leminyaka.
I-selenium enyameni yenkalankala ivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-arrhythmias, inomphumela omuhle ezingqungqutheleni zocansi zesilisa, futhi ibamba iqhaza ekwakheni i-hormone ephakamisa imizwa i-serotonin, esiza ukulwa ngempumelelo nezimo ezicindezelayo.
I-taurine etholakala ekudleni kwasolwandle inenzuzo ikakhulukazi, edlala indima ye-neurotransmitter ethuthukisa ukusebenza kobuchopho. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezilwane zasolwandle kuyaphikisana nabantu abajwayele ukungezwani komzimba noma ukungabekezelelani ngakunye.
