Ukungcoliswa kwendalo kwemvelo kwenzeka ngenxa yomthelela we-anthropogenic emhlabeni ozungezile. Ngokuyinhloko, amagciwane ahlukahlukene kanye namagciwane angena kwi-biosphere, eyenza isimo sesimo semvelo sibe sibi kakhulu, sithinta izinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo.
Imithombo yokungcola kwezinto eziphilayo
- amabhizinisi okudla;
- amanzi angcolile asendlini nasezimbonini;
- izindawo zokulahla udoti nezindawo zokulahla udoti;
- amathuna;
- amapayipi endle.
Izinhlanganisela ezahlukahlukene zemvelo, amabhaktheriya kanye nezilwanyana ezincane zingena emanzini angaphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba, zingene emkhathini nasemhlabathini, zisakaze futhi zilimaze imvelo. Usongo lubangelwa ngamagciwane ezifo ezithathelwanayo nezifo. Lawa mabhaktheriya emvelo ayithinta kabi impilo yabantu nezilwane, futhi angaholela emiphumeleni engalungiseki.
Izinhlobo zokungcola kwezinto eziphilayo
Ukungcoliswa kwendalo ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene kube nomthelela ekuveleni kobhadane lwesifo sengxibongo nengxibongo, umkhuhlane kubantu nasezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezilwane nezinyoni. Ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, amagciwane alandelayo abelokhu eyingozi futhi asekhona namanje:
- i-anthrax;
- isifo;
- ingxibongo;
- Umkhuhlane wokopha we-Ebola;
- i-rinderpest;
- ukuqhuma kwelayisi;
- igciwane le-nepah;
- i-tularemia;
- ubuthi be-botulinum;
- Igciwane leChimera.
Lawa magciwane abulala abantu nezilwane. Ngenxa yalokhu, kufanele kuphakanyiswe inkinga yokungcoliswa kwezinto eziphilayo. Uma linganqandwa, khona-ke elinye igciwane lingabhubhisa kakhulu futhi ngesikhathi esifushane libulale izigidi zezilwane, izitshalo nabantu ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuba usongo lokungcola ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe alubonakali lunamandla kangako.
Izindlela zokulawula ukungcoliswa kwendalo
Kubantu, konke kulula: ungagonyelwa amagciwane amabi kakhulu. Ukutheleleka kwezitshalo nezilwane ezinamagciwane ahlukahlukene namagciwane akunakulawulwa. Njengesilinganiso sokuvikela, amazinga aphezulu enhlanzeko kanye nezifo kufanele abhekwe yonke indawo. Ukuqanjwa kobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo kanye ne-biotechnology kuyingozi kakhulu. Ama-microorganisms angangena emvelweni evela kuma-laboratories futhi asakaze ngokushesha. Ezinye izinto ezisunguliwe ziholela ekuguqulweni kwezakhi zofuzo, ezingathinti nje kuphela isimo somzimba wabantu abathile, kepha futhi zifaka isandla ekuwohlokeni komsebenzi wokuzala, ngenxa yalokho izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezingeke zikwazi ukuvuselela izinombolo zazo. Okufanayo kusebenza ohlangeni lwesintu. Ngakho-ke, ukungcoliswa kwezinto eziphilayo kungabhubhisa masinyane futhi ngezinga elikhulu konke okuphilayo emhlabeni, kubandakanya nabantu.
