Ukucekelwa phansi komhlaba kungenye yezinkinga zomhlaba ezikhona manje. Lo mqondo uhlanganisa zonke izinqubo eziguqula isimo somhlabathi, zenze imisebenzi yayo ibe mibi, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kokuzala. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokwehliswa kwesithunzi okwamanje:
- ukugwaduleka;
- ukwenziwa ngosawoti;
- ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi;
- ukungcola;
- ukumisa amanzi;
- ukuphela komhlaba ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside.
Ukwenza usawoti
Ukuminywa kwamanzi
Ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi
Izinga eliphakeme lokucekelwa phansi komhlaba ukubhujiswa okuphelele kongqimba lomhlabathi.
Mhlawumbe, inkinga yokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi yathola ukufaneleka ngekhulu lama-20, lapho ezolimo nokufuya kufinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu lentuthuko. Izindawo eziningi zaqala ukwabelwa izilimo ezikhulayo kanye nezilwane eziklabayo. Lokhu kwenziwa ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuguqulwa kwamachibi emifula, ukuxhashazwa kwezindawo ezisogwini, njll. Uma konke lokhu kuqhubeka kulo moya, khona-ke kungekudala ngeke kube khona ndawo emhlabeni efanele impilo. Umhlabathi ngeke ukwazi ukusinika izitshalo, izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zizonyamalala, okuzoholela ekusweleni kokudla nasekuqothulweni kwengxenye enkulu yabantu emhlabeni, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane nezinyoni zizofa.
Izimbangela zokucekelwa phansi komhlaba
Kunezizathu eziningi zokwehla kwekhwalithi yomhlaba:
- izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu (isomiso, izikhukhula);
- ukugawulwa kwamahlathi;
- umsebenzi wezolimo okhuthele ngokweqile;
- ukungcoliswa kwenhlabathi ngemfucumfucu yezimboni neyasemakhaya;
- ukusetshenziswa kwe-agrochemistry;
- ubuchwepheshe obungalungile bokubuyisela kabusha;
- ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokungcwaba izikhali zamakhemikhali, zebhayoloji nezenuzi;
- Imililo yehlathi.
Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi
Imililo yehlathi
Cishe zonke izimbangela zokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi zibangelwa yimisebenzi ye-anthropogenic eholela ekuqothulweni nasekubhujisweni komhlaba.
Ukubaluleka kokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi empilweni yomuntu
Umphumela omkhulu wokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi ukuthi umhlaba wezolimo ungakulungeli ukutshala izitshalo nokudlisa izilwane ezifuywayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, inani lokudla liyancishiswa, okungangabazeki ukuthi lizoholela endlaleni, okokuqala ezifundeni ezithile bese ngokuphelele emhlabeni. Futhi, izinto ezingcolisa inhlabathi zingena emanzini nasemkhathini, futhi lokhu kuholela ekwandeni kwesibalo sezifo, ezibandakanya ezithathelwanayo, ezifinyelela ezingeni lezifo eziwumqedazwe. Konke lokhu, indlala nezifo, kuholela ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwabantu.
Ukubhekana nokucekelwa phansi komhlaba
Ukuze kuxazululwe inkinga yokucekelwa phansi komhlaba, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa imizamo yabantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Okokuqala, ukuvimbela ukonakaliswa kwenhlabathi kulawulwa ngumthetho wamazwe omhlaba. Umbuso ngamunye unemithetho nemithethonqubo elawula ukuxhashazwa kwezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba.
Ukuze kulondolozwe inhlabathi, kuyathathwa izinyathelo zokufaka imishini yokuvikela ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi, ukugwaduleka nezinye izinkinga. Isibonelo, ukulawulwa kokugawulwa kwamahlathi kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenhlabathi yokulima izitshalo kuyadingeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bokujikelezisa izitshalo busetshenziswa kwezolimo lapho kubekwa khona amapheshana okutshala phansi. Kwakhiwa iziza zotshani ezingapheli ezivuselela umhlaba. Kuwusizo ukugcinwa kweqhwa, ukugawulwa kwezihlabathi, ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zesikhashana - amabhande ehlathi.
Vele, ukongiwa kwenhlabathi kuncike kubantu abasebenza umhlaba, abalima izitshalo kanye nezilwane eziklabayo. Isimo somhlabathi sincike kubuchwepheshe abusebenzisayo. Futhi, umhlaba ungcoliswe kakhulu yimfucumfucu yezimboni, ngakho-ke abasebenzi bezimboni kumele banciphise inani lezinto eziyingozi ezikhishelwa emvelweni. Umuntu ngamunye angayinakekela kahle imithombo yomhlaba futhi ayisebenzise ngendlela efanele, bese inkinga yokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi izoncishiswa.
