Nsuku zonke abantu baphefumula emoyeni abacebile hhayi nge-oxygen kuphela, kodwa futhi nangamagesi ayingozi kanye nezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali, ezithinta kabi impilo. Okwamanje, kungahlukaniswa izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokungcola:
- yemvelo (impova yezitshalo, imililo yehlathi, uthuli ngemuva kokuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo);
- amakhemikhali (izinto ezinegesi);
- okukhipha imisebe (imisebe ngezinto ezinemisebe ye-radiation);
- i-electromagnetic (amagagasi kagesi);
- okushisayo (umoya ofudumele);
- begazi (ukungcoliswa ngamagciwane, amagciwane, amagciwane).
Imithombo yokungcola komoya
Inkinga yokungcola komoya ifanele wonke amazwe omhlaba, kepha kuyo yonke iplanethi ubukhulu bomoya abungcolisiwe ngokulinganayo. Ukushoda okukhulu komoya ohlanzekile kungasemazweni athuthukile ngokomnotho nasezindaweni ezinkulu zamadolobha amakhulu. Kukhona amabhizinisi ahlukahlukene asebenza lapho: i-metallurgical, amakhemikhali, amandla, i-petrochemical, ukwakhiwa. Zonke lezi zinto zikhipha izinto eziyingozi emkhathini ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Kudingeka basebenzise indawo yokuhlanza indle. Amanye amabhizinisi awazisebenzisi ngoba awathobeli amazinga noma ngoba imishini isiphelelwe isikhathi.
Umoya ungcoliswe yizinto nezinto ezilandelayo:
- i-carbon monoxide;
- isibabule dioxide;
- i-nitrogen oxide;
- isikhutha;
- ama-hydrocarbon;
- izinsimbi ezisindayo;
- uthuli lwemishini;
- sublimates, njll.
Imiphumela yokungcola komoya
Okokuqala, ukungcoliswa komoya kuthinta kabi impilo yomuntu, ngoba kuholela ekungezwani nezinto ezithile, umdlavuza wamaphaphu, inhliziyo nezifo zokuphefumula. Okwesibili, ukungcola kuholela ezifweni zezilwane, izinyoni, izinhlanzi, kanye nokufa kwezitshalo.
Izinkinga zokungcola komoya zinomthelela ekwakhiweni kwezimbobo ze-ozone, futhi ungqimba lwe-ozone luvikela umhlaba emisebeni yelanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wokubamba ukushisa uyanda, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa lomoya likhula njalo, okuholela ekushiseni komhlaba kwembulunga yonke. Uma esesemkhathini, amakhemikhali awela phansi ngesimo semvula ene-asidi enama-nitrogen oxide nesibabule. Amadolobha amakhulu ahudulwa yintuthu yesitimu, intuthu nothuli, okwenza kube nzima ukuthi abantu baphefumule futhi bazungeze imigwaqo, njengoba intuthu inciphisa kakhulu ukubonakala.
Ukuze zonke izinto eziphilayo zibe nethuba lokucebisa umzimba wazo nge-oxygen ngenkathi iphefumula, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuhlanzwe umoya. Lokhu kudinga ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto, ukunciphisa imfucuza, ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obungayilimazi imvelo nokushintshela emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo.
