Njengomphumela wokukhishwa nokugcinwa, ukuthuthwa, ukucutshungulwa nokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo kawoyela nowoyela, umonakalo omkhulu ubangelwa imvelo, ngoba amanzi, umoya nomhlaba kungcolisiwe, futhi izilwane nezitshalo ziyafa uma kuchitheka.
Ukungcoliswa kukawoyela kwe-biosphere
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokungcola kwemvelo ukuthi abantu, besebenzisa uwoyela, benza amaphutha futhi abayilawuli ngokuphelele inqubo yokukhiqiza, yingakho amanye amafutha efika phezulu noma achitheke, angcolisa konke okuzungezile. Ukulimala kwemvelo kwenziwa ezimweni ezinjalo:
- lapho kubhola imithombo;
- ngenkathi kwakhiwa amapayipi;
- ngesikhathi somlilo kawoyela wephethiloli;
- lapho imikhiqizo kawoyela ivuza phansi;
- uma kwenzeka kuchitheka uketshezi emizimbeni yamanzi, kufaka phakathi ngesikhathi sengozi emathangini;
- lapho kulahlwa imikhiqizo etholwe uwoyela emifuleni nasolwandle;
- lapho usebenzisa uphethiloli nodizili ezimotweni.
Lezi ngezinye nje zezibonelo lapho imboni kawoyela inomthelela omubi emvelweni.
Ezinye izinkinga embonini kawoyela
Ngaphezu kokuthi imikhiqizo kawoyela ingcolisa i-biosphere, kunezinkinga eziningi zezemvelo ezihambisana nokukhishwa nokusetshenziswa kwalomthombo wemvelo. Lapho kufakwa amadiphozi, indawo iyasuswa ukuze kufakwe imishini yokumba umthombo kawoyela. Ukulungiselela lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusika izihlahla nokususa uhlaza esizeni, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwemvelo nasekucekelweni phansi kwezimbali.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza esikhungweni sikawoyela, imvelo ingcoliswa yizinto ezahlukahlukene (hhayi uwoyela kuphela):
- izinto zokwakha;
- imfucuza;
- izinto ezisetshenzisiwe;
- izinto ezisetshenziswayo, njll.
Uma kwenzeka ingozi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, uwoyela ungachitheka. Kungenzeka okufanayo ngesikhathi sokuhamba noma sokuhamba ngamapayipi. Lapho kukhishwa amaminerali aphuma emathunjini omhlaba, kwakheka i-voids lapho, ngenxa yalokho izingqimba zenhlabathi zihamba.
Ngesikhathi sokuhluzwa kukawoyela emabhizinisini, izingozi, imililo nokuqhuma kuvame ukwenzeka. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zomkhakha wamakhemikhali, uphethiloli, izinto zokwakha neminye imikhiqizo yenziwa ngoyela. Lapho zishiswa futhi zisetshenziswa, i-biosphere nayo ingcolisiwe, kukhishwa amagesi nezinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali eziyingozi. Ukugwema izinkinga eziningi embonini kawoyela, kuyadingeka ukunciphisa inani lokusetshenziswa kwayo, ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha nokucubungula ukuze kuncishiswe ubungozi bokungcola kwemvelo ngemikhiqizo kawoyela.
