Ingulule (i-Acinonyx jubatus) iyisilwane esincelisayo esisencane sohlobo lwe-cheetahs. Lona ungummeleli wokugcina ohlotsheni lwayo, ngaphandle kwakhe awekho ama-cheetah emhlabeni. Isici sayo esihlukile ukuthi - isilwane esisheshayo eMhlabeni futhi singasheshisa sifike ku-120 km / hFuthi, leli kati linezinzipho ezihlehliswa okwesikhashana - lesi sici asitholakali kwezinye izidalwa.
Incazelo
Ingqapheli ejwayelekile ingacabanga ukuthi i-cheetah iyisilwane esibuthakathaka futhi esibucayi kakhulu: mncane, sihamba, ngaphandle kwethonsi lamafutha angaphansi, imisipha nje namathambo ambozwe ngombala wesikhumba ongajwayelekile. Kepha empeleni, umzimba walesi sigaxa sithuthukiswe kakhulu futhi sishaya ngomqondo waso.
Umuntu omdala angafinyelela kumitha ukuphakama futhi cishe abe ngu-120 cm ubude, isisindo sabo cishe singama-50 kg. Uboya, obufushane futhi obufushane, bunombala ophuzi okhanyayo, onesihlabathi, lapho, ebusweni bonke, ngaphandle kwesisu, ukusha okuncane okumnyama kobukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene kuhlakazekile. Ijazi elinjalo loboya lifudumeza kahle ikati ngesikhathi sezulu esibandayo futhi lisindisa ekushiseni okushisayo ngokweqile. Kusuka kokunsundu ngokukhanyayo, amehlo asagolide kuye emlonyeni uya mncane, ungadluli ngaphezu kwengxenye yesentimitha ububanzi, imigqa emnyama, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "amamaki wezinyembezi". Ngaphezu kwezinhloso zobuhle kuphela, le mivimbo idlala indima yohlobo lwezinto zokubuka - zikuvumela ukuthi ubheke amehlo akho kulowo odla inyama futhi uvikele emisebeni yelanga.
Abesilisa, ngokungafani nabesifazane, banomhlwenga omncane wezinwele ezinde ezintanyeni zabo. Kuyiqiniso, ngokushesha nje emva kokuzalwa, wonke amazinyane analo mhlobiso, kepha eneminyaka engu-2,5 yezinyanga anyamalala emakati. Ngenhla kwemane, encanyana, uma kuqhathaniswa nomzimba, ikhanda kunezindlebe ezincane, eziyindilinga, ikhala elimnyama.
Ochwepheshe banesiqiniseko sokuthi wonke ama-cheetah anombono womkhathi nendawo ebonakalayo. Bangakwazi ukulandelela ngasikhathi sinye umdlalo okhethelwe ukuzingela futhi babone okwenzekayo nxazonke. Kungenxa yalesi sici ukuthi babhekwa njengabazingeli abangenakuqhathaniswa, izilwane ezilandelwa yibo abanalo ithuba lokusindiswa.
Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezingaphansi kwengulule
Kuphela ama-subspecies ama-5 alesi silwane esihle asindile kuze kube namuhla:
1. Ingulule yase-Afrika (izinhlobo ezi-4):
- I-Acinonyx jubatus hecki;
- I-Acinonyx jubatus fearoni;
- I-Acinonyx jubatus jubatus;
- I-Acinonyx jubatus soemmerringi;
2. Ingulule yase-Asia.
Ama-cheetah ase-Asia ahlukile kozakwabo base-Afrika entanyeni enamandla kakhulu nezitho ezifinyeziwe. Futhi phambilini, ososayensi babehlukanisa olunye uhlobo lwengulule - olumnyama, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwavela ukuthi lezi zakhamizi zaseKenya ziyinto nje engajwayelekile ngokushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo.
Ingulule yase-Asiatic
Ngezikhathi ezithile, njengezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, ama-albino, okuthiwa amakati asebukhosini, atholakala kuma-cheetah. Esikhundleni samachashaza, kudwetshwa imivimbo emide emnyama emgogodleni wayo, umbala ulula, kanti umhlwenga mfushane futhi umnyama. Kwakukhona nezimpikiswano ezinde mayelana nabo emhlabeni wesayensi: ososayensi babengazi ukuthi bazidlulisele enhlotsheni ehlukile yini, noma izici ezinjalo zangaphandle zingumphumela wokuguquka kwezakhi. Uhlobo lwakamuva luye lwabonakala ngemuva kokuthi izinyane lekati lizalwe ngamabhangqa angabasebukhosini ngo-1968, alihlukile ezihlotsheni eziningi ezingezona ezasebukhosini ezazijwayele wonke umuntu.
Indawo yokuhlala
Ingulule ihlala ezindaweni ezinjengehlane kanye ne-savannah, isimo esiyinhloko sokuphila ukukhululeka okulinganiselwe, okulingene. Phambilini, la makati ayetholakala cishe kuwo wonke amazwe ase-Asia, kepha manje aqothulwe ngokuphelele eGibhithe, e-Afghanistan, eMorocco, eWestern Sahara, eGuinea, e-United Arab Emirates, kanti ngezikhathi ezithile abantu abancane bangatholakala e-Iran. Manje amazwe akubo yi-Algeria, i-Angola, iBenin, iBotswana, iBurkina Faso, iDemocratic Republic of Congo, iZambia, iZimbabwe, iKenya, iMozambique, iNamibia, iNiger, iSomalia neSudan. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zitholakala eTanzania, eTogo, e-Uganda, eChad, e-Ethiopia, eCentral African Republic naseNingizimu Afrika. ESwazini, inani labo labantu liphinde laqalwa kabusha.
Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zithathwa njengezingasekho:
- Acinonyx aicha;
- I-Acinonyx intermedius;
- Acinonyx kurteni;
- I-Acinonyx pardinensis ingulule yaseYurophu.
Endle, leli kati elikhulu lingaphila kusuka eminyakeni engama-20 kuye kwengama-25, futhi ekuthunjweni, kuze kufike ku-32.
Okudlayo
Ukudla okuyinhloko kwengulule yile:
- izinsephe;
- amathole e-wildebeest;
- impala;
- hares;
- izinsephe.
Ebusuku, lesi silwane esidla inyama asivamile ukuzingela futhi sithanda ukusebenza kuphela ngezikhathi zasekuseni noma ekushoneni kwelanga, lapho ukushisa kudamba nemisebe yelanga ingaboni.
Cishe akalisebenzisi iphunga lakhe ngenkathi ezingela, izikhali zakhe eziyinhloko zingukubona okubukhali nesivinini. Njengoba kungekho ndawo yokufihla emathafeni, izingululeki zabo zokuhlasela azihlaseli, lapho zibona isisulu esizayo, ziyidlula ngokugxuma okuningana, ziyilahle phansi ngokushaya ngezidladla ezinamandla bese ziluma umphimbo wayo. Uma, ngaphakathi kuka-300 m wokuqala wokujaha, isisulu singafinyelelwa, ukulandela kuyama: ukugijima okusheshayo kuqeda isilwane kakhulu, futhi umthamo omncane wamaphaphu awukuvumeli ukujaha okude.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Ama-Cheetah avuthwa ngokocansi eneminyaka engu-2,5-3 iminyaka, ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-85 kuya kwezingama-95, inzalo izalwa ingenakusizwa ngokuphelele. Kuze kube yizinsuku eziyi-15 ubudala, amazinyane angaboni, awakwazi ukuhamba futhi akhasa kuphela. Konke ukunakekelwa kwamathole kulele kuphela emahlombe abesifazane, abakhulisa izingane unyaka wonke, kuze kufike i-estrus elandelayo. Ukubamba iqhaza kwabesilisa ekukhiqizweni kohlobo kuphela kuphela ngenqubo yokufaka umquba.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Esikhathini esedlule, izingulule zazigcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuzingela njengezilwane ezilula.
- Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi phambilini lezi zidlakela zazihlala nasendaweni yaseKievan Rus futhi zabizwa ngePardus, zibaluliwe ku "Lay of Igor's Regiment".
- Izingulule zingabagibeli abahle kakhulu: abazingeli babafundisa ukugibela ngemuva kwabo emhlane wamahhashi, futhi ngokuzingela okuhle babenelungelo lokuthola ukwelashwa - ingaphakathi lendebe yokuzingela.
- Ekuthunjweni, la makati cishe awazali.
