Umkhiwane ovamile uyisitshalo sokhuni somndeni kamalibhele. Ngaphandle, yi-shrub noma isihlahla esifushane esinamaqabunga amakhulu futhi aphelele. Amafomu amasiko ayisihlahla esigcwele futhi afinyelela ubude bamamitha ama-4 noma ngaphezulu.
Isici esithile ukuthi isitshalo esinjalo sinezimbali ezi-dioecious, lezo ezingabobulili besifazane zingaba nesimo esiyindilinga, esimise okwamapheya noma isicaba, sinembobo encane phezulu. Ngemuva kokuvota impova, banikeza izithelo eziningi - lawa amantongomane azungezwe isisindo esithambile nesamanzi.
Izithelo eziyinhlanganisela zimbozwe ngesikhumba esincane esinoboya obuncane kodwa obuningi. Phezulu kunembobo, okuthiwa yi-peephole, embozwe izikali.
Amakhiwane ahlukile ngombala - angahluka kusuka ophuzi kuye kobumnyama. Kulokhu, umthunzi ubizelwa uhlobo lwokhuni. Izithelo zombala ophuzi ngokuluhlaza zivame kakhulu.
Inani labantu
Inani elikhulu kakhulu lamakhiwane avamile litholakala ku:
- I-Asia Minor;
- ICaucasus;
- AbakwaCarpathia;
- I-Asia eseNyakatho;
- ECrimea;
- Izintaba zase-Iranian;
- I-Transcaucasia;
- Amazwe aseMedithera.
Ukwakhiwa nezindawo zamakhiwane
Izithelo ezintsha zinenqwaba yezinto zokwelapha, ngenxa yokwakheka kwazo okuhlukile. Ngakho-ke, zifaka:
- i-glucose ne-fructose;
- ama-tanins;
- ama-acids amaningi;
- ama-coumarins;
- amaprotheni namafutha;
- amavithamini izakhiwo, ikakhulukazi i-B1, i-B3, i-PP ne-C;
- i-sodium ne-potassium;
- i-magnesium ne-phosphorus;
- i-calcium namanye amaminerali.
Izithelo ezingavuthiwe azidli futhi zinobuthi, ngoba ziqukethe ujusi wobisi.
Amakhiwane angafakwa ngezindlela eziningana - ezintsha, ezomisiwe kanye nezikheni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqabunga avame ukusetshenziselwa izindlela zokupheka zemithi yendabuko - ama-decoctions kanye nama-infusions asuselwa kuwo abhekwa njengomuthi omuhle kakhulu woku:
- izifo zokukhwehlela nomphimbo;
- izinga lokushisa eliphakeme - impahla ye-diaphoretic ne-antipyretic;
- ukoma ngokweqile;
- i-tachycardia;
- i-asthma ye-bronchial;
- ubuhlungu ku-sternum;
- ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu;
- i-rheumatism yemisipha;
- izifo zesikhumba;
- i-calculi ezinso noma esinyeni;
- imikhuhlane ohlelweni lokuzala kwabesifazane;
- isibindi esikhulisiwe.
Imvamisa ikhuliswa ekhaya - noma ezimweni ezinjalo, isihlahla sikwazi ukuthela izithelo, okungukuthi ngasekupheleni kwehlobo noma ekwindla yokuqala, akuvamile ukwenzeka entwasahlobo.
Izithelo eziluhlaza zilinywa kahle phakathi nezinyanga ezifudumele. Ngaphambi kokuhlunga izimpande, zigcinwa esihlabathini, njalo endaweni enomswakama nangaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela ingilazi. Ngokuvela kwezimpande, ama-cuttings afakwa kabusha engadini yemifino noma ezimbizeni.
