Izilwane ezinezinhlamvu ezine-equid zihamba phansi ngezinselo zazo - lezi yizakhiwo zama-horny ezivikela izinzwane futhi zisekele isisindo. Ama-equids ayama futhi agijime ezandleni zabo. Isisindo esiningi sisekelwa izinselo, okuholela ekutheni indlela yokuhamba kwezilwane ezinamafosholo ichazwe ngokuthi "ukuhamba ngezinselo" (kunokuba "kugundwe" lapho izinzwane zithinta phansi, noma "i-plantigrade" lapho lonke unyawo luphansi, njengabantu). Ama-Hooves, kanye nokwakheka kwemilenze, okwandisa imilenze, kuvumela ama-equids ukuthi agijime ngokushesha. Kukholakala ukuthi izilwane ezinezinselo ezingabhangiwe zavela emadlelweni, lapho isivinini sisindisa ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Idube likaBurchell
Inqina elilodwa onyaweni ngalunye lavumelanisa idube ngokweqile nokugijima. Isimo esijwayelekile yinhloko enkulu, intamo eqinile nemilenze emide, ebonakalayo kalula.
Idube lentaba
Emzimbeni - uchungechunge lwemivimbo emnyama nemhlophe. Le migqa mincane futhi icishe ifane komunye nomunye entanyeni nasesifubeni, emathangeni iphenduka imivimbo eminingana ebanzi evundlile.
Zebra Grevy
Imithende emnyama nemhlophe isondelene. Umugqa omnyama obanzi wehla ngomgogodla. Umbala wesisu esimhlophe ugijima ngokwengxenye up ezinhlangothini.
Imbongolo yase-Afrika
Ijazi elifushane, elibushelelezi limpunga ngokukhanyayo kuya nsundu ngokuphuzi ngombala umthunzi omhlophe ngezansi nangomlenze. Wonke ama-subspecies anomugqa omnyama omnyama omhlane.
Kulan
Umphezulu obomvu onsundu uqhathanisa kakhulu namhlophe angaphansi amhlophe, kufaka phakathi i-croup. Lapho imilenze ihlangana khona nomzimba, ama-wedge amakhulu amhlophe afinyelela ezinhlangothini.
Ihhashi likaPrzewalski
Uboya obukhanyayo ngokukhanyayo noma obubomvu ngombala ngaphansi komzimba kuphenduka umhlophe. Mfushane ehlobo, iyandiswa, iyajiya futhi ikhanye ngokuqala kwezulu elibandayo.
Ihhashi lasekhaya
Kuwo wonke umlando, abantu bawele, bathengisa futhi bahambisa amahhashi kuwo wonke amazwekazi. Kungumthombo wokudla, indlela yokukhiqiza nokuzijabulisa.
Intaba tapir
Ijazi liminyene, limahhadlahhadla futhi lide, nengubo yangaphansi evikela isikhumba esihle sama-tapir. Faka umbala kusuka ku-jet omnyama uye kobunsundu obomvu ngokubomvu.
I-tapir yaseBrazil (ethafeni)
Udebe nekhala eliphezulu lama-tapir linwetshelwa kwi-proboscis emfushane, eqinile, okungenye yezinto ezibonakala kakhulu kuleli qembu.
I-tapir yaseMelika Ephakathi
Isikhumba esijiyile simbozwe ngezinwele ezimfishane ezimnyama nsundu. Izilwane ezisencane zinengubo ebomvu ngokubomvu enemithambo namabala amhlophe.
I-tapir yesi-Malay
Umbala womzimba: imilenze yangaphambili neyangemuva imnyama, i-croup iba mpunga-mhlophe noma mpunga. Umbala uyabonakala, kepha i-tapir icishe ingabonakali ehlathini lenyanga ebusuku.
Ubhejane waseSumatran
Isikhumba esinombala onsundu onsundu siyagoqana senziwe amapuleti afana nezikhali. Ubhejane oyingqayizivele umbozwe ngejazi eligqamile elibomvu ngokubomvu.
Ubhejane waseNdiya
Isikhumba esifana nezikhali siwugqinsi futhi siqinile, sinamafolda kanye nemiqansa ephakanyisiwe entanyeni, emahlombe nasezinhlangothini. I-crease entanyeni ayinwebeki phansi emuva.
Ubhejane waseJavan
Lezi yizilwane ezizimele ezinokunamathisela okungavezwa kahle endaweni. Abesifazane bavuthwa ngokocansi cishe eminyakeni eyi-3-4, kuthi abesilisa bavuthwe ngemuva kwesikhashana.
Ubhejane Omnyama
Ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala, izifo kanye nokuzingelwa ngokungemthetho kuqede obhejane kwaze kwaba sezingeni lokuthi manje batholakale ezindaweni ezivikelekile kuphela.
Ubhejane omhlophe
Lezi zilwane azinawo ama-incisors, kuphela ama-premolars nama-molars, aguqulwe ukuchoboza uhlaza obhejane abudla kulo.
Ukubukeka kwama-equids
Amahhashi, obhejane kanye nama-tapir konke kuyizilwane ezinama-equid, yize engafani ngokubukeka. Obhejane bathwala isisindo sabo ozwaneni olumaphakathi, oluzungezwe izinzwane ezimbili ezincane. Iminwe yokuqala neyesihlanu yanyamalala ekuziphendukeleni kwemvelo. Ama-tapir anokuhleleka okufanayo ngezinzwani ezintathu emilenzeni yangemuva, kodwa izingalo zawo zangaphambili zinenye inzwane eyengeziwe, encane. Amahhashi adlulisela isisindo sawo kuzwane oluphakathi, kepha zonke izinzwane zangaphandle azisekho.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinselo sezijwayele indawo ethize. Izilwane ezihlala emhlabathini oqinile, njengamahhashi nezinhlwathi, zinezinselo ezincane, ezihlangene. Labo abahlala enhlabathini ethambile njenge-moose ne-caribou banezinzwani ezihlukile nezinselo ezinde ezelulekayo futhi zisakaze isisindo sesilwane.
Izilwane eziningi ezincelisayo zinezimpondo noma izimpondo, kanti ezinye zinamazinyo. Amazinyo, izimpondo nezimpondo zivikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye, kodwa ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko ukulwa kwabesilisa emincintiswaneni yensimu noma yowesifazane.
Ososayensi baphinde bahlukanise izilwane eziningana ezinama-equids. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-irax (isilwane esilingana nonogwaja e-Afrika nase-Asia), ama-aardwark, imikhomo nezimpawu. Ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kukhombise ukufana kulandelana kwe-DNA yalezi zidalwa nokuncelisa izilwane ezincelisayo. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi izilwane zinokhokho ofanayo, yize kunokwehlukahluka ekubukekeni.
Ukuziphatha nokuzondla
Isimilo sokuqala sokulungela kwewundlu lokuzondla kanye nosizo olusebenzayo olunikezwa omama kusuka kulo myalelo wezilwane kuholela ekusebenzisaneni okukhulu phakathi kukamama nenzalo ngemuva kokuzalwa. Ukunyakaza, iphunga, nokuzwakala kwezingane ezisanda kuzalwa kukhuthaza izimpendulo ezijwayelekile zomama. Omama basebenzisa izinto ezibukwayo, ezinobuhlakani nezwi ukukhomba nokuqondisa amawundlu abo. Lesi sigaba sokuxhumana okukhulu sibizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokubeletha. Ubude buhluka kusukela ngaphansi kwehora kuya ngaphezu kwe-10, kuya ngohlobo lwe-equids.
Izinhlobo eziningi ze-ungrate ziwela ngokusobala kwesinye sezigaba ezimbili maqondana nohlobo lobudlelwano bomama nenzalo obenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi sokubeletha. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zibizwa ngokuthi "ukucasha" kanye "nabalandeli". "Abafihliwe" balinde umama wabo ukuthi abondle. "Abalandeli" bayamlandela kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa.
Iningi lama-equids yizilwane ezidla izitshalo. Amanye amalungu alezi zinhlobo adla utshani, kanti amanye adla amaqabunga ezihlahla nezitshalo. Ama-equids amaningi anezinhlayiya ezinkulu, ezimise okwexakile ezinemilomo emilenzeni yazo yokugaya ukudla. Izilwane eziningi zinama-canine ancishisiwe. Amanye ama-equids, njengezingulube, ama-omnivores, adla ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane.
Ama-equids nabantu
Abantu basebenzisa izilwane ezincelisayo ezingavundile njengomthombo wokudla, okokwembatha, ukuthutha, ingcebo nenjabulo. Imikhuba ethile yokuzingela, enjengezinyathi zokuzingela emaThafeni aseMelika, ithuthukise ukuthembela okukhulu kwabadubuli ohlotsheni olulodwa lwe-equid. Futhi ukufuywa kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingabonakali kwakha izindawo ezinkulu futhi kwakhulula abantu ekusebenzeni kanzima. Izimvu nezimbuzi kwakuyizilwane zokuqala ezincelisayo ezinezinselo zokufuywa eminyakeni engaba ngu-10 000 edlule. Kwalandela izingulube namahhashi. Ukufuywa kwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingabonakali kuyaqhubeka nanamuhla. Ngawo-1900, izinyamazane zazifuywa. Namuhla kuphakanyiswa izinyamazane ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezinhlanu emhlabeni jikelele.
