Isitsha semifula siyindawo yomhlaba lapho amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kanye nemizimba eyahlukahlukene yamanzi yehlela khona. Njengoba kunzima ukulandela umkhondo wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, yimifula etholakala emfuleni eyakha isisekelo somcengezi.
Ukushintshaniswa kwamanzi phakathi komfula omkhulu, amachibi nemifula emincane kwenzeka njalo, okuqinisekisa ukubusa komfula. Phakathi kwezidumbu zamanzi eziseduze kunomngcele ogudle ulayini wamanzi.
Izinhlobo zamabheseni emifula
Ososayensi bahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zamabheseni emifula - amanzi angcolile kanye namapayipi angaphakathi. Ngokunjalo, izindawo ezilahlwayo yilezo ezinomphumela olwandle.
Yonke imicengezi yemifula ibonwa ngobude bomfula omkhulu kanye nendawo yomsele wamanzi omfula, umthamo wokugeleza kwamanzi nokuzinza kwesiteshi somfula, imithombo yokudla okunempilo nezimo zokuphathwa kwamanzi. Imvamisa, izitsha zemifula zixubaniswa nokuphakelwa lapho kunemithombo eminingana yamanzi.
Imicengezi emikhulu yemifula emhlabeni
Kukholakala ukuthi yonke imifula inebheseni, kungakhathalekile ukuthi lingena komunye umfula, ulwandle noma ulwandle. Imicengezi emikhulu yemifula elandelayo:
- I-Amazon;
- ECongo;
- EMississippi;
- Ob;
- INayile;
- IParana;
- Yenisei;
- ULena;
- ENiger;
- I-Amur.
Ngokuya ngendawo yemicengezi yemifula, okokuqala, ibaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho. Omunye wemisebenzi yemifula owokungcebeleka.
Ngakho-ke, umfula omkhulu, kanye nemifudlana yawo nemithombo yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, wakha isiziba semifula. Lokhu kuholela ekuqothulweni kweminye imizimba yamanzi, kepha ukuze kugwenywe lokhu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe ngokunengqondo amanzi emifula yomhlaba.
