Igama elithi "ukulandelana" lisho ushintsho olujwayelekile nolungaguquguquki emphakathini nasemisebenzini yohlelo lwezemvelo olwenzeka ngenxa yethonya lezinto ezahlukahlukene. Ukulandelana kudalwa yizinguquko zemvelo kanye nethonya lomuntu. Isimiso semvelo ngasinye sinquma kusengaphambili ukuba khona kwesistimu elandelayo yemvelo nokuqothulwa kwayo. Le yinqubo engokwemvelo eyenzeka ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwamandla emvelweni, izinguquko ku-microclimate nasekuguqulweni kwe-biotope.
Ubukhulu bokulandelana
Ukulandelana kungukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kohlelo lwezinto eziphilayo. Ukulandelana okuphawuleka kakhulu kungalandelwa esibonelweni sezitshalo; kubonakala ngokushintsha kwezimila, izinguquko ekubunjweni kwazo nokushintshwa kwezitshalo ezithile ezivelele nezinye. Ukulandelana ngakunye kungahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amakhulu amabili:
- Ukulandelana okuyinhloko.
- Okwesibili.
Ukulandelana okuyisisekelo kuyisiqalo sokuqala, njengoba kwenzeka ezindaweni ezingenampilo. Kulezi zinsuku, cishe wonke umhlaba usuvele unemiphakathi ehlukahlukene, ngakho-ke, ukuvela kwezindawo ezingenazo izidalwa eziphilayo kungokwemvelo yendawo. Izibonelo zokulandelana okuyinhloko yilezi:
- ukuhlaliswa yimiphakathi emadwaleni;
- ukulungisa izindawo ezihlukene ogwadule.
Esikhathini sethu, ukulandelana okuyinhloko akuvamile, kepha kwesinye isikhathi, yonke ingxenye yomhlaba yadlula kulesi sigaba.
Ukulandelana kwesibili
Ukulandelana kwesibili noma kokubuyisela esimweni kwenzeka endaweni eyayinabantu ngaphambilini. Ukulandelana okunjalo kungenzeka yonke indawo futhi kuvele esikalini esihlukile. Izibonelo zokulandelana kwesibili:
- ukulungisa ihlathi ngemuva komlilo;
- ukukhula kwensimu eshiyiwe;
- ukukhokhelwa kwesiza ngemuva kwe-avalanche, esacekela phansi zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabathini.
Izizathu zokulandelana kwesibili yilezi:
- Imililo yehlathi;
- ukugawulwa kwamahlathi;
- ukulima umhlaba;
- izikhukhula;
- ukuqhuma kwentaba-mlilo.
Inqubo ephelele yokulandelana kwesibili ihlala cishe iminyaka eyi-100-200. Iqala lapho kuvela izitshalo zamakhambi minyaka yonke ezigcawini. Eminyakeni engu-2-3 zithathelwa indawo utshani obungapheli, izimbangi ezinamandla nakakhulu - izihlahlana. Isigaba sokugcina ukuvela kwezihlahla. I-Aspen, i-spruce, i-pine ne-oki iyakhula, eqeda inqubo yokulandelana. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukubuyiselwa kwemvelo yemvelo kuleli sayithi kuqediwe ngokuphelele.
Izigaba eziyinhloko zenqubo yokulandelana
Isikhathi sokulandelana sincike esikhathini sokuphila sezinto eziphilayo ezithintekayo enqubweni yokubuyiselwa noma yokwenziwa kohlelo lwemvelo. Ijubane lincane kakhulu emvelweni elinokugcwala kwezitshalo ezinamakhambi, futhi lide kakhulu ehlathini le-coniferous noma le-oki. Amaphethini amakhulu wokulandelana:
- Esigabeni sokuqala, ukwehlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo akubalulekile; ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kuyanda.
- Ngokuthuthuka kwenqubo, ubudlelwano phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo buyakhula. I-Symbiosis nayo iyakhula, amaketanga okudla aba yinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe.
- Enkambeni yokuhlanganisa ukulandelana, inani lezinhlobo zamahhala ezizodwa liyancipha.
- Ngesigaba ngasinye sokuthuthuka, ukuxhumana kwezinto eziphilayo kuhlelo lwemvelo olukhona kuyakhula futhi kuthathe izimpande.
Ubuhle bomphakathi we-ecosystem owakheke ngokuphelele kunentsha ukuthi uyakwazi ukumelana nezinguquko ezingezinhle ngendlela yokushintsha kwamazinga okushisa kanye noshintsho kumswakama. Umphakathi onjalo ungamelana kangcono nokungcola kwamakhemikhali kwemvelo. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi sikwazi ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwemvelo kanye nobungozi bokuxhashazwa kwemvelo yokufakelwa. Kanye nokumelana nomphakathi ovuthiwe ezintweni ezibonakalayo, ukukhiqizwa komphakathi wokufakelwa kubalulekile empilweni yomuntu, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina ukulingana phakathi kwawo.
