I-Berry yew yisihlahla esinempilo ende, esukela ku-1.5 kuya ku-4 weminyaka eyizinkulungwane. Lesi sici singenxa yokukhula kancane. Ukuphakama kaningi kweqa amamitha ayi-20, kuyaqabukela kungakhula kuze kufike kumamitha angama-28.
Ikhula kakhulu eYurophu. Ezinye izindawo zokuhlala zithathwa njengezi:
- ENorway naseSweden;
- I-Aland Islands;
- I-Afrika ne-Iran;
- eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Asia;
- ICarpathians neCrimea;
- ICaucasus.
Ikhula ikakhulu emathafeni, kepha futhi ingatholakala ezindaweni eziphakeme kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-2000.
Incazelo yezinto eziphilayo
I-Berry yew yisihlahla esiphansi, ububanzi baso bungafinyelela imitha elilodwa nohhafu. Umqhele unesimo se-ovoid-cylindrical - ngenkathi uminyene kakhulu futhi uvame kakhulu ukuphakama okuningi.
Amagxolo abomvu-mpunga, kungaba bushelelezi noma i-lamellar. Izinso zivame ukuba buthuntu, isb. okuyindilinga noma okusaqanda. Umbala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, kuyilapho kunezikali ezimbalwa kuwo.
Isiqu simbozwe kakhulu ngamahlumela alele, avame ukwakha amahlumela asemaceleni. Izinaliti zingamamilimitha angama-35 ubude namamilimitha angu-2,5 ububanzi. Ngaphezulu kukhona umthambo obonakalisiwe, kuyilapho izinaliti ezinqenqemeni zigobile kancane futhi zingenalutho. Kusuka ngenhla, ukukhanya kwezinaliti kuluhlaza okotshani futhi kuyacwebezela, futhi kusuka ngezansi kunombala oluhlaza ongacunuli nophaphathekile.
Izigaxa ze-Anther zizodwa. Akhiwa kuma-axils wezinaliti, ngalinye linama-sporangia afika ku-8. Izigaxa zembewu nazo azikashadi, zine-ovule eyodwa eqondile, ezungezwe ngophahla - ikhula kancane kancane ibe yiroli elibomvu elibomvu. Izimbewu ziqinile, zinombala onsundu futhi zimise okweqanda.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zonke izingxenye zalesi sitshalo zinobuthi, okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yi-arillus noma uphahla.
Izicelo
Umuthi onjalo uvame ukusetshenziswa ku:
- ukwakhiwa;
- ukuvula ibhizinisi;
- ukwakhiwa kwezinsimbi zomculo;
- isakhiwo sepaki;
- ukwenza ifenisha;
- umuthi.
Lesi sihlahla sisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokwakheka kwaso okuhlukile. Amaqabunga, izinkuni namagxolo aqukethe:
- ama-steroids nama-tannins;
- amavithamini izakhiwo kanye phenols;
- terpenoids kanye flavonoids;
- ama-acid amaningi nama-lignans;
- ama-carbohydrate neziphuzo ze-aliphatic;
- ama-anthocyanins nama-cyanogenic compounds.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, cishe zonke izingxenye zalesi sitshalo zinobuthi, yingakho zingadala ubuthi ebantwini - lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma imbewu ingena ngaphakathi.
