Ama-tropical kanye ne-subtropics yizindawo zezulu ezinokuhluka okuthile komunye nomunye. Ngokwesigaba sokuma komhlaba, izindawo ezishisayo zingezamabhande amakhulu, kanti izindawo ezishisayo zingezesikhashana. Izici ezijwayelekile zalezi zindawo, inhlabathi nesimo sezulu kuzoxoxwa ngazo ngezansi.
Umhlabathi
Ezishisayo
Ezindaweni ezishisayo, inkathi ekhulayo ingunyaka wonke, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholwe izivuno ezintathu ngonyaka zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene. Ukushintshashintsha kwesizini emazingeni okushisa omhlabathi akubalulekile. Inhlabathi ifudumele unyaka wonke. Umhlaba futhi uncike kakhulu enanini lemvula, ngenkathi yemvula kuba nokumanzana okuphelele, ngesikhathi sesomiso kuba nokoma okuqinile.
Ezolimo ezindaweni ezishisayo ziphansi kakhulu. Cishe yi-8% kuphela yomhlaba onenhlabathi ebomvu-nsundu, obomvu-nsundu kanye nezikhukhula. Izitshalo eziyinhloko kule ndawo:
- ubhanana;
- uphayinaphu;
- ukhokho;
- ikhofi;
- irayisi;
- umoba.
Izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba
Kulesi simo sezulu, kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi:
- inhlabathi emanzi yehlathi;
- isihlahlana nenhlabathi eyomile yehlathi;
- inhlabathi yama-steppes asezindaweni ezishisayo;
- inhlabathi yamahlane asezindaweni ezishisayo.
Umhlabathi wensimu uncike enanini lemvula. AmaKrasnozems awuhlobo lomhlabathi olujwayelekile ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinomswakama. Inhlabathi yamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo enomswakama ayinayo initrogen nezinye izakhi. Kunenhlabathi ensundu ngaphansi kwamahlathi omile nezihlahla. Kunemvula enkulu kulezi zindawo kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuMashi, futhi kuncane kakhulu ehlobo. Lokhu kuthinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwenhlabathi. Inhlabathi enjalo ivundile kakhulu, isetshenziselwa ukulima, ukulima izihlahla zomnqumo nezithelo.
Isimo sezulu
Ezishisayo
Insimu yezindawo ezishisayo itholakala phakathi komugqa we-equatorial kanye nokufana, okuhambelana nobubanzi be-23.5 degrees. Indawo inesimo sezulu esishisa ngokukhethekile, ngoba iLanga lisebenza kakhulu lapha.
Ensimini yezindawo ezishisayo, ingcindezi yomoya iphezulu, ngakho-ke imvula iwela lapha akuvamile, akulona ize ukuthi uLwandle lwaseLibya neSahara lutholakala lapha. Kepha akuzona zonke izindawo ezishisayo ezomile, kukhona nezindawo ezimanzi, zitholakala e-Afrika naseMpumalanga Asia. Isimo sezulu samazinga ashisayo sifudumele ebusika. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nezikhathi ezishisayo lifinyelela ku-30 ° C, ebusika - ama-degree ayi-12. Ukushisa okuphezulu komoya kungafinyelela kuma-50 degrees.
Izindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba
Indawo ibhekene namazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo. Isimo sezulu esishisayo sinikeza izimo ezilula kakhulu empilweni yomuntu. Ngokusho kwe-geography, izindawo ezishisayo zitholakala phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo ezindaweni eziphakathi kwama-30-45 degrees. Insimu yehlukile ezindaweni ezishisayo ebandayo, kepha hhayi ebusika obubandayo.
Isilinganiso sokushisa saminyaka yonke singama-degree ayi-14. Ehlobo - kusuka kuma-degree angama-20, ebusika - kusuka ku-4. Ubusika buphakathi nendawo, izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu aliweli ngaphansi kuka-zero degrees, yize kwesinye isikhathi isithwathwa singehla size sifike ku -10 ... -15⁰ С.
Izici ze-Zone
Izindawo ezishisayo ezithakazelisayo namaqiniso asezindaweni ezishisayo:
- Isimo sezulu sezindawo ezishisayo ehlobo sincike ezixukwini zomoya ezifudumele zasezindaweni ezishisayo, nasebusika emisakazweni yomoya opholile evela ezindaweni ezipholile.
- Abavubukuli bafakazele ukuthi ama-subtropics ayindawo yokuzalwa komuntu. Impucuko yasendulo yathuthukiswa endaweni yalawa mazwe.
- Isimo sezulu esishisayo sihluke kakhulu, kwezinye izindawo kunesimo sezulu esomile, kwezinye - izimvula ezinamandla ziwela kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka.
- Amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo amboza cishe u-2% womhlaba, kepha ahlala ngaphezu kwezingu-50% zezitshalo nezilwane zomhlaba.
- Izindawo ezishisayo zisekela ukunikezwa kwamanzi okuphuza emhlabeni.
- Njalo umzuzwana, isiqeshana sehlathi lemvula elilingana nenkundla yebhola siyanyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba.
Umphumela
Izindawo ezishisayo nezishisayo yizindawo ezishisayo zeplanethi yethu. Ensimini yalezi zindawo kukhula inani elikhulu lezitshalo, izihlahla nezimbali. Izindawo zalezi zindawo zezulu zikhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke zihlukile komunye nomunye. Etholakala endaweni efanayo yesimo sezulu, inhlabathi ingaba evundile futhi ibe nezinga eliphansi kakhulu lokuzala. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezibandayo zeplanethi yethu, njenge-arctic tundra nehlathi-tundra, indawo eshisayo neyeshisayo ilungele impilo yomuntu, ukukhiqizwa kwezilwane nezitshalo.
