Ngaseningizimu yezingwadule ze-arctic kunendawo yemvelo ye-tundra, ehlanganisa inyakatho yeRussia. Lapha izinga lokushisa lehlela ku -37 degrees ebusika, kanti ehlobo kuyaqabukela kweqe +10 degrees Celsius. Kuyabanda kakhulu lapha sonke isikhathi futhi kuvunguza nomoya obandayo. Ezimweni ezinzima kangaka zezulu, kwakhiwa izimbali ezimbi kakhulu. Ngokuyinhloko, ubulembu nobulembu buyatholakala lapha, kwezinye izindawo kunezihlahla zama-lingonberries, ama-blueberries, ama-cloudberry. Ehlobo, izitshalo zamakhambi ziyavela osebeni lwemifula. Ngokuqondene nomhlaba wezilwane, uhluke kakhulu. Lapha emihlambini kuhlala ama-reindeer nezimpisi, kukhona ama-lemmings nezinkabi ze-musk, hares, izimpungushe ezibandayo, ama-gopher, izinhlobo eziningana zezinyoni nezinambuzane. Ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, izilwane kulezi zingxenye zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa, ngakho-ke ezinye izinhlobo zifakwe ohlwini lweRed Book yaseRussia.
Izinhlobo zezinyoni ezisengozini yokuqothulwa
Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zezinyoni ezingavamile zitholakala ku-tundra:
1. Ihansi elibomvu... Ebusika lolu hlobo luhlala ogwini loLwandle iCaspian, kuthi ehlobo lufudukele eTaimyr, inani labantu lincane.
2. I-seagull yaseRose... Lolu uhlobo oluhle lwezinyoni ezinezimpaphe ezikhanyayo. Zitholakala e-tundra ngemihlambi emincani.
3. Ukhozi... Yinyoni enkulu enamaphiko amamitha ayi-2,5 ubude. Isidlakela esiguqula indawo yaso yokuhlala ebusika bese sibuyele esiqhingini ngoMeyi.
4. IGyrfalcon esheshayo... Ngaso sonke isikhathi inyoni ihlala endaweni yayo ejwayelekile lapho ihlala khona. Izinhlobo ziyinyoni edla inyama, futhi unyaka wonke inokudla okwanele.
5. I-loon ekhokhiswa okumhlophe... Le nyoni inezidleke ezintekenteke kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuzingelwa kwezilwane, amaphuphu afa ngobuningi bawo.
6. Ihansi elimhlophe... Abantu bamahansi abahlali unomphela, ngakho-ke kunzima ukulandelela izinombolo zabantu. Ukuzingelwa kwabantu nezilwane zasendle kunomthelela ekwehlisweni kohlobo.
7. I-Peregrine falcon... Lezi zinhlobo zinendawo yokuhlala ethile, kepha ziya ezindaweni ezifudumele ebusika. Ukulondolozwa kwenombolo kuncike ekudleni inyoni engakuthola.
8. Zheltozobik
Okuwukuphela komele uhlobo lwesihlabathi saseCanada. Kuphawuleka ngokubukeka nokuziphatha kwayo okwehlukile. Ukwehla kwenani lezinsini eziphuzi kubuyela emuva ngonyaka we-1920, ngenxa yokuzingelwa kwabantu abaningi. Okwamanje, usongo olukhulu ekwehlisweni kwabantu ukushintsha kwesimo sendawo yabo yemvelo.
Isikhova Esincane
Izinhlobo ezingavamile zezilwane ezincelisayo
Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane ezincelisayo zitholakala ku-tundra. Okokuqala, kuyimvu enkulu. Lezi zinhlobo zikhula ezimeni ezinzima. Abesilisa balwa bodwa besebenzisa izimpondo ezisontekile. Ezimweni eziyingozi, bazisebenzisela ukuqeda izitha. Izinsikazi zeNovaya Zemlya zezinyamazane manje sezisengozini, okwenziwa lula ukuzingela, kanye nokwehliswa kwezindawo zazo zokuhlala.
Ezimweni ze-tundra, amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo ajwayele impilo kahle. Kodwa-ke, namuhla lolu hlobo aluvamile. Yisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke, sidla izitshalo, izimpande, izithelo, futhi sizingela nezilwane ezahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile amabhere awela kubazingeli. Esinye sezilwane ezinhle kakhulu ze-tundra yimpungushe yase-Arctic, nayo eyisisulu sabantu ngenxa yoboya bayo obuhle, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lusengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
I-Reindeer
Izimvu ezinkulu
Ibhele elihlala kwiqhwa
Inkabi yeMusk
Impungushe yase-Arctic
Ukulondolozwa kwezilwane ze-tundra
I-Tundra ithatha indawo enkulu kakhulu eRussia. Kukhona umhlaba wemvelo othakazelisa kakhulu lapha. Ngenxa yezimo zezulu ezinzima nemisebenzi ye-anthropogenic kule ndawo, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ukuze kulondolozwe lezi zinhlobo, kwenziwa izinqolobane, futhi kulwelwa nokuzingela ngokungemthetho. Kumele kuthathwe isenzo sokubuyisa abantu abaningi. Ubunzima futhi buseqinisweni lokuthi kunemininingwane emincane noma ayikho nhlobo enanini lezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Vele, ukuze kulondolozwe imvelo yale ndawo yemvelo, abantu badinga ukuyeka ukubulala izilwane, ngoba intengo yokuzingela okunjalo iphezulu kakhulu: singalahlekelwa unomphela izinhlobo zezilwane ezinhle njengezimpungushe ze-arctic, ama-reindeer, izinyoni ezinjenge-rose gulls, ama-swans amancane, izintamo ezimhlophe , ezinomphimbo ophuzi nezinye izinhlobo.
