Lapho uthenga idamu lokufakelwa, iningi lama-novice aquarists ngokushesha noma kamuva libhekana nenkinga efana nokuvela kwe-algae ku-aquarium. Abanye babo bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu ngeke neze kuphazamise imvelo yangaphakathi yomkhumbi, kepha akunjalo. Okokuqala, lezi zimila zinomthelela omubi ekukhuleni kwezitshalo, ingasaphathwa eyokuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene nokungcola kwemvelo yasemanzini. Kodwa, njengomthetho, yonke imizamo yokususa ishwa elinjalo iphela ngokwehluleka.
Kungabonakala sengathi akukho lutho oluyinkimbinkimbi lapha, kepha ama-aquarist amaningi ama-novice awazi ukuthi ukulwa ne-algae ku-aquarium akufanele kwenzeke ngokungeza ngokungacabangi zonke izindlela zokuthi kubangele izinkinga eziningi, kodwa ngokwenza kancane kancane izenzo ezithile. Futhi esihlokweni sanamuhla sizobheka ukuthi yini i-algae nokuthi singabhekana kanjani nayo kahle.
Isitha sisibona ngamehlo
I-Algae yiqembu lasendulo lezitshalo ezingezansi ezingaveli nje kuphela phakathi kwezokuqala emhlabeni, kepha futhi zinezimo ezinhle kakhulu zezimo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo. Echibini lokufakelwa okwamanje, ungathola abamele izingxenye ezine ze-algae:
- Okuluhlaza okotshani. Lezi zinhlobo zifaka izitshalo ezinama-unicellular noma ama-multicellular. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ulwelwe oluhlaza akuwona njalo ama-parasite e-aquarium, njengolwelwesi olubucayi, kepha futhi lungasebenza njengomsebenzi wokuhlobisa.
- Okubomvu. Abamele lolu hlobo bamelwe yizitshalo ezinama-bushy amaningi anombala omnyama ompunga noma obomvu. Ngenxa yalokho, empeleni bathola igama labo. Abagcini nje ngokuzizwa bebahle endaweni yasemanzini enokuqina okuphezulu, kepha futhi bangabambelela engilazini ye-aquarium, izinkuni ezikhukhulayo noma amaqabunga azo zonke ezinye izimila.
- Ububanzi. Imelwe yizimila ezingafani nezimbumbulu noma zamakholoni zombala onsundu.
- AmaCyanobacteria. Phambilini kwakwaziwa ngokuthi ulwelwe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani. Zihlukile ngesakhiwo sazo sokuqala nokuba khona kwe-nucleus esitokisini.
Futhi kufanele wazi ukuthi noma ngabe ama-aquarist azama kanzima kanjani noma ngabe enza kanzima kangakanani, ulwelwe olumnyama noma abamele noma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo ngokuqinisekile bazovela echibini lakhe lokuzenzela. Iqiniso ngukuthi izinhlamvu zazo zingangena emkhunjini njengalapho zishintsha amanzi, zengeza izinto ezintsha zokuhlobisa, noma ngisho nomoya. Ngakho-ke, ungesabi kakhulu lapho ubathola, ngoba lapho wenza izinqubo ezithile, ungasusa kalula ishwa elinjalo e-aquarium.
Indlela yokubhekana nazo
Uma sikhuluma ngokususa i-almate diamate, khona-ke ngeke zibe yinkinga enkulu nakwabaqalayo, uma kunikezwe i-photophobia yabo ephezulu. Ukususa ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezitshalweni noma enhlabathini, okwakhiwe ngenxa yokuvela kwe-cyanobacteria, kuqukethe ukuthela amaphilisi ayi-1-2 e-erythromycin emkhunjini.
Kepha maqondana nemifino, kuyadingeka ukulwa nabo ngokunciphisa inani labo. Futhi uma unikezwa ukuthi bakhiqiza kabusha masinyane kangakanani, le nqubo inzima ngisho nakulabo abanolwazi lwasemanzini.
Indima ye-phosphorus kubantu be-algal
Ngokwenza njalo, kufakazelwe ukuthi yi-phosphorus engabangelwa yimbangela yokusatshalaliswa okukhulu kwalezi zitshalo e-aquarium. Lokhu kusizwa futhi:
- ukukhanya okukhanyayo;
- izinkomba zemvelo eziphakeme;
- ingxenye ebonakalayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- ukuntuleka kwama-nitrate;
- i-nitrogen eyeqile, ithandwa kakhulu ulwelwe oluhlaza.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi akusizi ukubhekana nezitshalo eziphansi. Ngakho-ke, ukuphela kwento esele ukuthi unciphise izinombolo zabo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukunciphisa ukukhanyisa echibini lokufakelwa
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, esinye sezizathu zokuvela kwe-algae ukukhanyisa kakhulu. Kungakho isinyathelo sokuqala ukwehlisa izinga laso kancane. Kulokhu, i-phosphorus izoqala ukudliwa hhayi izitshalo eziphansi kepha neziphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngeke kube yinto engadingekile ukwenza ushintsho lwenhlabathi nsuku zonke ngamanani amancane. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi ulungise ukukhanya ngokudla kwe-carbon dioxide.
Khumbula, akuvunyelwe neze ukusebenzisa amalambu we-spectral, angenza kusebenze ukukhula kwe-algae. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufakwa kwamalambu abandayo emigqeni yokuqala eduze kwengilazi engaphambili kuthathwa njengenketho efanelekile yokwethula umbala wesakhamuzi ngasinye sedamu lokufakelwa ekukhanyeni okuhle kakhulu.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi lapho usebenzisa amanzi athambile, kubalulekile ukwengeza umanyolo oqukethe i-magnesium ngensimbi kuwo. Futhi, ngokuzayo kuyadingeka ukubhekisisa njalo ukubekwa kwalezi zinto nokuqapha izinga lama-nitrate.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezimila ezikhula ngokushesha
Njengomthetho, izitshalo ezikhula ngokushesha zimunca cishe zonke izakhi ezivela endaweni yasemanzini ezibalulekile ku-algae. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemuva kokuphothula umsebenzi wayo, izimila ezikhula ngokushesha zingasuswa. Kepha kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi ukusebenzisa i-Anubias ne-Cryptocoryns ngale njongo akunconyiwe.
Okubalulekile! Ngokumunca okusheshayo kwezakhamzimba yizitshalo ezinjalo, kunconywa ukuthi uziqhole njalo.
Kusetshenziswa inhlanzi edla ulwelwe
Ezinye izinhlobo ezisebenzisa izimila eziphansi njengokudla zingabasizi abasebenziseka impela ekulweni nezimila ezingafuneki. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:
- Ancistrusov.
- Umabhebhana.
- Girinoheilusov.
Kepha kufanele ukugcizelele ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi, ngenxa yezimo ezithile, lezi zinhlanzi zingashintsha imikhuba yazo ziqale ukudla amaqabunga nezitshalo eziphakeme. Ngakho-ke, akufanele zithathwe njenge-panacea ekulweni ne-algae eluhlaza.
Izindlela zamakhemikhali
Kwesinye isikhathi izindlela zokulawula izinto zebhayoloji azilethi umphumela oyifunayo, kanti ulwelwe oluhlaza, isibonelo, i-filamentous, luyaqhubeka nokuhlala ngobuningi ngokwanele echibini lokufakelwa. Kulokhu, kufanele ubhekane nazo ngezindlela ezisebenza kangcono, ezibandakanya ukusetshenziswa kwe:
- i-hydrogen peroxide;
- i-chlorine;
- glutaraldehyde.
Ake sicabangele ngayinye yazo ngokwehlukana.
I-hydrogen peroxide
Leli khemikhali njengamanje lingenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulwa nezimila ezingafuneki. Akukhona nje ukuthi intengo yayo ayibizi kakhulu, kodwa futhi ungayithenga kunoma iyiphi ikhemisi. Kuyafaneleka futhi ukugcizelela ukuthi umthamo ojwayelekile womuthi ngu-3%. Ukusetshenziswa ku-aquarium, 1.5-12 mg / l kuzokwanela. Leli nani lizokwanela ukubhubhisa izitshalo eziningi ezingezansi ngemuva kokwelashwa kokuqala. Kwezinye izimo, ngokwesibonelo, ukubhubhisa intshebe emnyama, kuyodingeka ukwenza izinqubo eziphindaphindwayo ngokuhambisana nokumnyama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe batusa ukudala ukujikeleza kwamanzi okuqinile bese bekufaka esikhundleni sako.
Kuyafaneleka ukugcizelela ukuthi, ngokuvamile, izinhlanzi zibekezelela ukusetshenziswa kwe-peroxide ngaphandle kwezinkinga, uma ingeqi inani lama-30 ml / 100l. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi le nto isusa cishe yonke i-oksijini emvelweni wamanzi. Ngakho-ke, uma amabhamuza amancane eqala ukuvela ngaphezulu, khona-ke lesi yisiginali yokuqala yokuthi umthamo uphakanyiswe ngokweqile.
Kubuye kwenqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukushiya inqolobane yokufakelwa inganakiwe. Uma inhlanzi iqala ukuba nobunzima bokuphefumula, lapho-ke udinga ukushintsha amanzi amaningi e-aquarium ngokushesha okukhulu futhi wakhe i-aeration eqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kunqwabelana okukhulu kwezitshalo eziphakeme echibini lokufakelwa, isilinganiso esifanele sizoba ngu-20 ml / 100 l.
Khumbula ukuthi ukwandisa umthamo kungabulala izakhamizi eziningi ze-aquarium.
Iklorini
Ukusetshenziswa kwaleli khemikhali kungaba nezici ezinhle nezimbi. Futhi okokuqala kuncike kwikhwalithi yomkhiqizo othengiwe nezimo zesitoreji sawo. Kunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 30. Futhi, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukuyisebenzisa, kungcono wenze isheke elincane.
Ngale njongo, ungathatha ulwelwe oluncane kwi-aquarium bese ulifaka esitsheni sehhotela, lapho ungangezela khona i-chlorine ehlanjululwe kuyo. Uma uhlaza lune-tint emhlophe, khona-ke udinga ukunciphisa i-chlorine izikhathi ezine ngaphezulu. Umthamo ofanele yilowo oshiya umbala wemvelo we-algae ngemuva kwemizuzu engu-2. Kunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise echibini lokufakelwa hhayi isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa ukuze ukhiphe ukufa kwabo bonke abahlali bomkhumbi.
I-Glutaraldehyde
Ithuluzi lesimanje lokugcina noma iyiphi i-aquarium ihlanzekile. Le nto yenza umsebenzi omuhle nge-algae eluhlaza. Kepha kufanele kugcizelelwe ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo eziphansi zingamnika ukumelana okukhulu. Ukulwa ne-algae enjalo, kuyadingeka ukuyithatha ezindaweni ezichazwe ngokuqinile amasonto ama-2-3. Okunye futhi okubalulekile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sici akugcini nje ngokuthi kuthinte i-Ph yamanzi, kodwa futhi kuvimbela ngokuphelele i-oxidation yensimbi.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukubhubhisa ulwelwe, kwanele ukusebenzisa i-5ml / 100l izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuqeda okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kubalulekile ukukhulisa kancane umthamo ube ngu-12 ml / 100 bese usebenzisa lesi sidakamizwa izinsuku eziyi-7-8. Kuhle ukuyifaka ekuseni.
Okubalulekile! Ungakhohlwa ngokushintsha kwamanzi njalo kanye ne-aeration ethuthukisiwe.
Ekugcineni, ngithanda ukuqaphela ukuthi inqubo yokuqeda ukungcoliswa kwezitshalo ezintsha ezimbili nezinto zokuhlobisa ezingezwe kuyo izokwazi ukuvikela idamu lokufakelwa ekubonakaleni kwe-algae kuzo.
