Kunezinyoni eziningi emhlabeni, kepha amajuba mhlawumbe angamalungu avame kakhulu embusweni wezimpaphe, ngoba awagcini nje ngokuba maningi, kepha futhi ahlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi alungele impilo. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, bezisondelene nomuntu, bezihlala zilusizo kuye futhi zitholwa ngokuphendula kubantu uzwela, ukunakekelwa kanye nesimo sengqondo esihle.
Lezi zinyoni zazithathwa njengophawu lothando, ukuthula, ukwethembeka nobungani. Izinganekwane nezinganekwane zaqanjwa ngabo, kwabhalwa izithombe nezinkondlo, kwaqanjwa izindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Babenziwa ngisho nonkulunkulu, futhi babekholelwa nokuthi imiphefumulo yabantu abafile ihlala kubo.
Ukubonakala kwejuba Kubonakala sengathi kwaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu, noma ngabe ucabanga ngazo zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobo zalezi zinyoni ezikhona emhlabeni, ungabona ukuhlukahluka okukhulu phakathi kwazo. Kepha ngokuyisisekelo, amalungu omndeni wejuba anezici ezilandelayo:
- ikhanda elincane, elibekwe entanyeni emfushane;
- umlomo omncane, ococekile onamakhala avulekile, njengomthetho, ngokuvumelana nemibala yezimpaphe;
- umzimba omkhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nekhanda;
- amaphiko amade abanzi;
- imilenze emifushane, ifakwe izinzwane ezine ezinamazipho, nomthunzi wezidladla ungahluka kusuka komnyama kuye kupinki;
- umsila omfushane oyindilinga;
- amehlo ale nyoni angaba owolintshi, abomvu noma aphuzi.
Ukubona kwamajuba kubukhali, ukuzwa kuzacile. Umbala wezimpaphe zezidalwa zethu ezinamaphiko uvame ukungaqondakali, ube mpunga noma umnyama, yize abamele abomndeni abashisayo, kunalokho, behlukaniswa ngokukhanya kwabo. Kepha, ukuze sikucabange kangcono konke ukwehluka kwabo, ake sibhekisise izinhlobo zamajubangokubanika incazelo emfushane.
Amajuba
Lezi zinhlobonhlobo ziyabonakala kakhulu futhi zivame kakhulu, ngakho-ke indaba yakhe iqala ngaye. Umzimba wezinyoni ezinjalo uvulekile, mkhulu, unikeza umbono wokuthi mncane, yize ngaphansi kwesikhumba sezinyoni ezinjalo, izinqolobane ezanele zamafutha zivame ukuqoqeka. Izinyoni ziyakwazi ukufinyelela usayizi wama-40 cm.
Kodwa kunezinhlobo zezinhlamvu ezincane ezingeqi ku-29 cm.Umthunzi ovame kakhulu wophaphe ubhekwa njengombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kepha phakathi kwalokho okuthiwa ama-sisar kukhona amnyama, abomvu, ikhofi, abantu abamhlophe. Kodwa-ke, azivamile ukuba monochromatic, izindawo ezahlukahlukene kakhulu zomzimba: ikhanda, izimpiko, isifuba, intamo nomsila, ziyehluka kakhulu kuthoni.
Emisindweni izinyoni zikhipha umsindo omnandi womphimbo, okusikhumbuza ipulangwe lekati. Ukuphola okunjalo kungakhiqizwa ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene: ukuheha ukunakwa kwama-congener kanye namalungu wobulili obuhlukile, ngenkathi efukamela amaqanda, ngezikhathi zokwethuka ukwethusa abantu ongabazi.
ISisari isatshalaliswa cishe kuyo yonke i-Eurasia, ngaphandle kwezindawo zayo ezibandayo, futhi ihlala nasendaweni yaseNyakatho Afrika. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezaziwayo zalezi zinhlobonhlobo, ezizokwethulwa ngezansi.
1. Ifomu le-Synanthropic. Igama ngokwalo likhombisa ubudlelwane obuseduze balezi zinyoni nabantu. Iqiniso ngukuthi okhokho abakude bamajuba anjalo babethanjiswa ngabantu, ngaphezu kwalokho, babefuywa ngokuphelele. Kukholakala ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi eyedlule.
Lezi zinyoni zazalelwa ubuhle, zisetshenziselwa ukuletha izinhlamvu, eGibhithe lasendulo nakwamanye amazwe zazibhekwa njengezinambitheka kakhulu, ngakho-ke zazikujabulela ukudla izilwane ezinjalo ezifuywayo. Kepha izinyoni eziningi ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene zazishiywe zingenabanikazi, kepha azizange zindizele kude nezindawo zokuhlala abantu.
Kancane kancane baba ama-synanthropists. Maningi amajuba anjalo emadolobheni amakhulu namancane namanje. Zondliwa ngabantu, futhi zondla nodoti wokudla ovela ezindaweni zabo zokulahla, okusiza kakhulu, okunikela ekuhlanzekeni kwemvelo kwezindawo zokuhlala.
2. Ifomu leferal. Ezinye zezinzalo zamajuba asekhaya ziye zaphoqeleka ukuba zibuyele endle. Kulezi zinsuku, abamele leli gatsha emvelweni yemvelo bahlangana nabantu abaseduzane nemizana, emahlathini, emabhange emifula namachibi, emadwaleni nasezihosheni zezintaba.
Ukuze zisinde, ziyahlangana ngemihlambi emikhulu, kepha ebusika obubandayo izinyoni zinesikhathi esibi, futhi azenzi konke ukuba zivele entwasahlobo. Isici esithandekayo sama-cisars asendle, ahlala emadwaleni isikhathi eside, ukuthi, ngokungafani nezihlobo ze-synanthropic, balahlekelwe amandla okuhlala ezihlahleni.
Ngokuyisisekelo, bahamba phansi futhi bandiza, futhi ngejubane elihlaba umxhwele elingaphezu kuka-150 km / h, okuyinto engenakwenzeka ngokuphelele kumaSinanthropists, angadumile ngobuciko bawo nangejubane lokundiza.
Amajuba asekhaya
Ngenkathi ezinye zezinyoni seziphenduke zasendle futhi zangasendle, abantu emakhulwini eminyaka baqhubeka nokuzala amajuba asekhaya, bezala izinhlobo eziningi zalezi zinyoni, manje eseziziningi kakhulu.
Lezi zilwane ezifuywayo zadonsela umuntu othandweni lwekhaya lakhe, umusa nozwela ngabaninizo, kanye nokuzithoba nokunakekelwa okungadingeki. Okulandelayo, ngeke sibheke kuphela amagama ezinhlobo zamajubaukuqhubeka nokuphila ngaphansi kwesandla somuntu, kodwa futhi sizokusabalalisa ngohlobo lokusebenzisa.
Amajuba okuphatha
Ezinsukwini zakudala, izinyoni ezinjalo zazaziswa kakhulu futhi zibiza kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ngesikhathi lapho bekungekho izingcingo ne-Intanethi, ukuhanjiswa kweposi okusheshayo, amajuba anjalo kwesinye isikhathi aba yithuba elilodwa ngesikhathi esifushane sokudlulisa noma yimiphi imilayezo kwabanye abantu abasendaweni ekude kakhulu.
Amajuba aseHoming akwazi ukusheshisa afike ku-80 km / h, ngaphezu kwalokho, okubalulekile, anikezwe ukuma okuhle kakhulu emkhathini. Phakathi kwezinhlobo zamajuba okuphatha, sizokwethula okulandelayo:
Inkwali yesiNgisi
Amajuba anjalo, uma kuqhathaniswa nezimpunga ezijwayelekile ezimpunga, abukeka engavamile. Isibalo sawo simelele ngokugqamile, intamo yinde, futhi ukuphakama kwawo kuphakeme kakhulu uma umile ume mpo, wona uqobo unikeza umbono wezicukuthwane. Izimpaphe zokuphela kwamaphiko nomsila zinde futhi zicebile, yize emzimbeni wonke kufushane.
Isici esibaluleke kakhulu ekubukeni ingcina yomlomo onamandla, ogqama ngokukhula okufana nenathi. Kukhona nokukhula okuzungeze amehlo. Lolu hlobo lwenzelwe izindiza ezihamba amabanga amade, kanti ijubane lokundiza kwezinyoni liphezulu kakhulu.
Ijuba laseBelgium
Isidingo samajuba esiphethe sanyamalala esikhathini sethu. Yingakho amajuba aseBelgium, okwakusetshenziswa ezikhathini zasendulo ukuletha imiyalezo ngokushesha, manje asephenduke uhlobo lwemidlalo. Ikhanda nentamo eyisiyingi yezinyoni ezinjalo, uma kuqhathaniswa nawo wonke umzimba, kubukeka kukhulu futhi kukhulu kakhulu kunokwamalungu amaningi omndeni wamajuba.
Amehlo amnyama ezinyoni afakwe amajwabu amehlo amhlophe aphaphathekile. Ukufika kwemizimba yabo kuqondile; isifuba siyindilinga, sibanzi. Izimpiko ezisesimweni sokuthula zidlula ngemuva futhi zinamathele ziqine emzimbeni. Umsila wezidalwa zalolu hlobo uncane. Umbala wabo ungaba mnyama, mpunga, mpunga, nsundu, noma ubomvu. Amajuba anjalo angamapheshana amahle kakhulu.
Amajuba enyama
Abantu basendulo babeqinisile impela: inyama yejuba imnandi ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba yatholwa kamuva kakhulu, iqukethe amaprotheni amaningi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inikezwe izakhiwo zokudla. Yize kubonakala kukuhlambalaza kubantu abaningi ukudla inyama yejuba, izitsha ezenziwe ngalo mkhiqizo zazithathwa njengesibiliboco ngaphambili nangamanje.
Ezinsukwini zakudala, inyoni enjalo yayiphakwa etafuleni labantu abazalwa yizicukuthwane. Kunezinhlobo ezikhethekile zenyama yamajuba ezaliselwa kuphela ukusetshenziswa kwabantu.
Ake sicabangele ezinye zazo:
Ijuba lamaRoma
Lolu hlobo luhlukaniswa endulo lwalo futhi lwazalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi sethu. Futhi kwavela, njengoba igama lisho, endaweni yoMbuso WaseRoma, manje eyi-Italy. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amajuba enyama ayethandwa kakhulu ngalezo zinsuku. Izinyoni, kuze kufike emakhanda ayizinkulungwane eziningana, zazigcinwa emapulazini amakhulu. Omunye wokhokho balolo hlobo kwakuyijuba laseCarthage elalikhona ngaleso sikhathi.
Amajuba amaRoma uma kuqhathaniswa nezihlobo zomndeni angabizwa ngokuthi imidondoshiya. Usayizi wazo uyakwazi ukudlula uhhafu wemitha, kanti isisindo sawo singu-1200 g. Uma kungenjalo, ubukhulu becala afana namajuba. Ngokwemvelo, izidalwa ezinjalo zikhohliseka kalula kumuntu, zinobungani kubanikazi, zihlukaniswa ubuvila nokungasebenzi, kepha zivame ukuqala ukulwa phakathi kwazo.
Ukuzalwa kwenkosi
Okhokho babo babengamajuba abathwali. Kepha ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, abalimi baqala ukwakha uhlobo lwenyama kusuka kwabaposi futhi baphumelela. Abamele lezi zinhlobonhlobo bahlukile kumajuba ajwayelekile emzimbeni omfushane nobukhulu obubonakalayo.
Ezinye izici zohlobo yilezi: ikhanda elikhulu, intamo evuthayo, isifuba esibanzi, emuva okuyisicaba, amaphiko amafushane, aphakanyiswe kancane, hhayi umsila ophuzi. Isisindo samajuba anjalo sifinyelela ikhilogremu. Umbala wazo wezimpaphe ungaba mnyama, ubomvu, umhlophe.
Ngokwemvelo bangumoya nolaka olunjengeqhude. Amakhosi andiza kabi. Kepha abanakekeli ngokuzithoba, baphatha inzalo ngokunakekela futhi bavundile. Ngaphezu kwenyama, izinhlobo zombukiso ziyakhonjiswa. Isisindo sabo singafika kukhilogremu elilodwa nohhafu.
Amajuba okuhlobisa
Kungokwemvelo ngomuntu ukubabaza amajuba. Kepha uma nazo zinhle ngobuhle obukhethekile, khona-ke nangaphezulu kakhulu. Iningi lalezi zinhlobo ezimangalisayo zingumkhiqizo womsebenzi onzima wabazalisi. Futhi abamele bangaziqhayisa ngezimpaphe ezimangalisayo, ama-crests angajwayelekile, ukubukeka okumangazayo nombala. Cabanga ngezinye zazo izinhlobo ezinhle zamajuba:
Abashayi
Izikhathi zalolu hlobo, phakathi kwezinye izinzuzo, zihlotshiswe kakhulu ngokuziqhenya komzimba omncane nomzimba omncane. Zizolile ngokwemvelo, kepha azinakho okuqukethwe. Izinyoni ezinjalo ngokuvamile azivumelaniswanga nezindiza ezihlaba umxhwele, kepha zilungele kuphela ukuzithanda nokuzethula embukisweni.
Lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengoludala futhi lwakhiwa emuva eNkathini Ephakathi eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Isici samadoda amahle kangako i-goiter evuvukele kakhulu, esebenza njengento yokuziqhenya nokuhlobisa kwabo. Kungakho lamajuba ayengabashayi be-christened.
Uhlobo ngokwalo luhlukaniswe izinhlobo. Phakathi kwabo sizokhuluma ngokulandelayo:
1. Umfuyi waseCzech omise okwesihlalo sehhashi wakhuliswa futhi ubelokhu ekhuliswa ngenkuthalo isikhathi eside edolobheni laseBrno. Izici ezihlukile zamajuba anjalo yilezi: ukukhula okuncane kakhulu kwezinhlobo zokuhlobisa (kufika ku-45 cm); ikhanda elingenayo i-tuft, ngosayizi ophakathi; enwetshiwe kancane ekugcineni, obumbeke kahle, omile okwechibe, uqhwaku oluqinile; isibilini esilinganayo; amahlombe abanzi nesifuba; amaphiko aphakathi nendawo; umsila, okubonakala njengokuqhubeka komugqa ongemuva; amehlo amnyama, kwesinye isikhathi abomvu; izimpaphe, njengomthetho, zinemibala emibili, izithunzi ezikulo ziphethwe obomvu, ophuzi, ompunga-mpunga, omnyama. Kodwa isici esigqame kunazo zonke i-goiter emise okomvolo.
2. I-Brno dutysh isuka cishe endaweni efanayo nezinhlobo zangaphambilini, kepha inokwehluka okuphawulekayo kwangaphandle okuvela kuyo. Okokuqala, lokhu kusebenza ngosayizi. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zibhekwa njengezincane, kodwa kuphela kubashayi, ngoba amajuba nawo mancane. Ubude bomzimba bezinyoni ezinjalo ngokuvamile abudluli kuma-35 cm.
Futhi zihlukaniswa ngokuma okuqondile, isibalo esincane, imilenze emide, amaphiko awele. I-goiter yabo, enesimo sebhola elicishe liphelele, iphuma phambili ngokuya phambili nangaphezulu, okuheha ukunakwa bese kuvela ukuthi kuphakeme kunesiqu somzimba esihle. Umbala wezinyoni uhlukile futhi uvame ukujabulisa iso ngobunzima bamaphethini.
3. Pomeranian blower. Izinhlobonhlobo sezihlale iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu futhi zazalelwa esiqhingini saseBaltic iRügen. Ngaphezu kophiko olumise okwepheya, olukhulu, izidalwa ezinhle kangaka zihlotshiswe kakhulu ngezimpaphe zoqobo, ezinde, ezinemilenze, kwesinye isikhathi zingaphezu kuka-14 cm ngosayizi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinyoni uqobo, kwezinye izimo, zingaphezu kwesigamu semitha. Ama-dummies anjalo angazalwa emhlophe qwa, kwesinye isikhathi isembatho esifanayo sigcwaliswa ngeminye imibala. Imvamisa umbala wazo uqukethe amathoni aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aphuzi, amnyama futhi abomvu.
Ijuba eligobile
Lokhu kubuye kube uhlobo oludala. Futhi isici sayo esibaluleke kakhulu esihlukanisayo izimpaphe zokuqala ezisontekile. Ama-curls wabameleli bohlobo oluhlanzekile, ngokwezindinganiso ezamukelwe, kufanele amboze ngokulinganayo izingxenye ezithile zomzimba, ikakhulukazi amaphiko nomhlane.
Inhloko yezinyoni ezinjalo kwesinye isikhathi ihlotshiswe nge-crest. Noma kunjalo, izimpaphe zekhanda nentamo ye-arched kancane zingaba bushelelezi. Izimpaphe zomsila nezindiza kufanele zelulwe. Imilenze iningi lishebile. Usayizi wamajuba agobile awudluli kumasentimitha angama-38. Ngebala zimhlophe, zimnyama ngombala oluhlaza okotshani, ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obomvu.
Ijuba lepigogo
Olunye uhlobo olunezimpande zasendulo ezafika eYurophu zivela eNdiya. Abamele bayo bazalwa ngobuhle nangomusa omuhle. Kodwa umhlobiso wabo oyinhloko ubhekwa ngokufanelekile njengomsila wokunethezeka onenqwaba yezimpaphe ezinde, ezivuleka ngendlela yomlandeli.
Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana, kepha umehluko phakathi kwawo ngamunye umbala othile kuphela. Umbala ungaba ngu-variegated no-monochromatic: beige, brown, white, blue, pink, grey, futhi kufaka nemibala emibili noma ngaphezulu. Kufanele kubhekwe ezinye izimpawu: intamo egobile, ende; ububanzi, buqhubekele phambili ngokuqinile, esifubeni se-hemisphere; ubude bomlenze ophakathi; i-tiptoe gait.
Izinhlobo ezindizayo zaseRussia
Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, kwakungokwesiko ukugcina amajuba eRussia. Okhokho bethu babezihlonipha kakhulu izinyoni ezinjalo. Ngendlela, abantu bokuzalwa okuhle bavame ukusebenzisa amajuba ukuzingela nokuzithokozisa kwezemidlalo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zaseRussia ezinezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zokundiza. Yiziphi izinhlobo zamajuba kufanele kubhekwe njengekhaya? Ake sethule ezinye zazo:
AmaPermi
Lolu hlobo ludala, kepha kukhona nolunye olususelwe kulo, olwesimanje, olukhuliswe eminyakeni engaba yikhulu edlule. Uyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka manje. Abamele bayo badume ngokuphakama kwabo kwezindiza, futhi badlula izinhlobo eziningi zezindiza zangaphandle kule nkomba.
Ubukhulu obumaphakathi bamajuba anjalo bungamasentimitha angama-33 kuphela.Izimpaphe zendabuko zePerm zimhlophe, futhi ukubukeka kwazo kuhambisana nomhlwenga obomvu noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okungukuthi, indawo engemuva entanyeni. Isembatho sezimpaphe zezinhlobo ezintsha ze-purebred singaba nemibala eminingi noma i-monochromatic: emnyama, mhlophe, obomvu ngokujulile noma ophuzi.
Voronezh amazinyo amhlophe
Izimfanelo zokundiza zalezi zinyoni nazo ziphakeme ngokungajwayelekile, kanti nesikhathi sokuhlala kwazo emoyeni singafika emahoreni amabili. Ziqinile ngokwakha futhi zinemisipha emihle kakhulu. Izimpaphe zabo ezibushelelezi - isisekelo sengubo enemibala ehambisana nomhlobiso wokuqala. Intamo yabo imhlophe, ngemuva kwamakhanda abo kukhona isiqalo esithakazelisayo sombala ofanayo.
Indawo emhlophe ibuye ibambe umphimbo, ngenxa yalokhu, abakhiqizi bamajuba baseTambov banikeza izinyoni ezinjalo igama lesidlaliso "intshebe". Ngesizathu esifanayo, eVoronezh babizwa ngokuthi "izinzwane ezimhlophe". Izidladla zezinyoni ezinjalo zimbozwe izimpaphe ezi-shaggy. Isilinganiso samajuba alolu hlobo singama-33 cm.
Ijuba leKamyshin
Uhlobo oludala kakhulu olwenzelwe umjaho wamajuba. Cishe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule, yathandwa ngokwedlulele. Izwe lakulezi zinyoni yisifunda saseLower Volga. Izimpaphe zezidalwa ezinamaphiko, ezidume ngejubane lazo, zimnyama kakhulu, ngaphandle kwamaphiko amhlophe, kwezinye izimo zombala ofanayo wesisu.
Kodwa kukhona futhi ama-subspecies eminye imibala: nsundu, obomvu, isiliva, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ubude bezinyoni zalolu hlobo abudluli amasentimitha angama-40. Babukeka belungile futhi beqinile. Ngobuhle bazo nokubukeka kwabo okubonakalayo, izinyoni ziqinile futhi azithobeki ezimweni zokuboshwa. Izimpaphe zomsila wazo zinde, njengezimpaphe zokundiza; uqhwaku olude kancane; amehlo aphuzi.Izinyoni zinekhono elimangalisayo lokuhamba ngokunembile indawo.
Amajuba amhlophe
Amajuba akhombisa ukuhlanzeka kwemicabango, ikakhulukazi amajuba amhlophe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, badume ngobuhle babo obedlulele, bayathandeka endizeni futhi babangela ukujabulisa ubuhle. Eqinisweni, amajuba anoma yiluphi uhlobo nohlobo angaba nombala ofanayo. Sizobheka ezinye zezidume kakhulu izinhlobo zamajuba amhlophe.
U-Orlovsky turman
Lawa ngamajuba okudlalwa adume ngokuphakama kwawo okundizayo. Kepha abantu abanombala omhlophe walolu hlobo banesithakazelo esithile kubalimi. Izimpaphe zabo azigcini nje ngokuba mhlophe njengeqhwa, kodwa futhi zine-tint enhle. Lezi ngamajuba aphakathi nendawo. Inhloko yabo ihlanzekile, incane, ukwakheka kwayo kuyathandeka, i-cuboid.
Ngezansi kwe-nape kune-forelock. Amehlo ejuba amnyama; umlomo uqgobile kancane; izimpiko zinde, zinamandla; umsila obushelelezi; izidladla ezibomvana, kwesinye isikhathi zinezimpaphe ezi-shaggy. Emoyeni, amajuba anjalo azibonakalisa njengama-virtuos wangempela. Benza kalula ukuqubuka komzimba, imiqulu, ukugumbuqela, ukuntywila okujulile kulandelwa ukufika okungalindelekile okushelelayo neminye imidlalo ye-acrobatic.
Ijuba lase-Iran
Lona okuthiwa uhlobo lokulwa. Ngesikhathi sendiza, amajuba anjalo ayakhipha, ezwakala kude, isigqi sesigqi samaphiko abo, esikhumbuza ngokuchofoza isiswebhu. Emoyeni, abantu abaqinile balolu hlobo bayakwazi ukubambelela amahora angafika kwayishumi. Bayazi ukwenza iziqubulo zomhlaba ezihlaba umxhwele, bangene ku-spin, bavuke bese betshulela phezulu, kodwa bandiza kancane.
Inhloko yezinyoni ezinjalo incane, icwecwe kamuva, iyindilinga. Ezinye izici zifaka: umzimba ohlangane, umlomo omnene; izimpaphe ezinde ezimpikweni nasemsileni. Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kunikezwa abantu abamhlophe ngesikhathi sokuqeqesha izindiza.
UJacobins
Luhlobo lokuhlobisa kuphela olunezimpande zaseNdiya. Yalethwa eYurophu ngekhulu le-16 futhi ngokushesha yathola ukunaka ngobuhle bayo. Futhi abantu abamhlophe abahlanzekile baheha ngendlela emangalisayo. Izimpaphe zezinyoni ezinjalo zicebile, ziyathambile, ikakhulukazi ekhanda. Ikhule kakhulu kangangokuba ifana ne-wigi e-fluffy noma imbali ye-dandelion, efihla ngokuphelele hhayi kuphela emuva kwekhanda, kodwa futhi nengxenye engaphambili.
Izinyoni ezinjalo zingezokuqala ngokungavamile. Okuwukuphela kobunzima ukuthi ikhanda elinjalo lezinwele lidinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kubafuyi, okudala izinkinga ekugcineni. Amahloni ethukile ezinyoni ezinjalo nawo ayamangaza ngokudabukisayo.
Amajuba asendle
Kepha kwezasekhaya ake siphinde sibuyele emajuba ahlala endle. Laba ngabamele umndeni wamajuba abaphoqeleka ukuba baphile kude nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, isidleke emaweni omfula nasemadwaleni, bahlangane emakoloni ukuze banqobe ubunzima ngokuhlanganyela futhi bazivikele ezitheni.
Izinhlobo zamajuba asendle ayibukeki ngokwehluka futhi ibukeka kahle njengalezo zinhlobo zezihlobo zasekhaya ezichazwe ngenhla. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, ziyefana, kepha futhi zinomehluko omkhulu.
Ijuba elimpunga
Yize igama lalezi zinyoni likhomba umbala othize, onobuhlakani bezimpaphe zazo, empeleni limnandi impela - limpunga elinombala osiliva. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingubo yalezi zidalwa ezinamaphiko isekelwa kahle ngokufakwa okumnyama, ikakhulukazi emaphikweni nasemsileni, nasemuva kwentamo, lapho kwenzeka khona ngombala oluhlaza okotshani.
Izinyoni ezinjalo azivamile. Ngokwengxenye enkulu, bahlala ezindaweni ezinamanzi afudumele, emahlathini ahlabayo aseduze nemifula kanye nolwandle, lapho bahlala khona ezihlahleni. Ngokokuqala ngqá, izinyoni zalolu hlobo zitholakale e-Indonesia. Zikhula zifike ku-40 cm ubude.
Ijuba ledwala
Ngokubukeka, amajuba anjalo afana kakhulu nalawo ampunga, kangangoba ngisho nososayensi abathile bawathatha njengohlobo olulodwa. Kepha amatshe angahlukaniswa nezihlobo ezibonisiwe ngosayizi wazo omncane, uqhwaku olumnyama nomsila omude okhanyayo. Izinyoni ezinjalo zitholakala ezifundeni zezintaba zase-Altai naseTibet, nakwezinye izindawo ezifanayo zezwekazi lase-Asia.
Lezi zinyoni zikhangwa ubuhle bazo obuhlakaniphile. Ngokwemvelo, abethembi futhi bayaqapha, bagwema impucuko yabantu, bakhetha ukuncenga ukuziqhenya kwabo nokuba bodwa.
Kuphela ebusika obubanda kakhulu lapho bengadela khona izimiso zabo futhi bafune ukudla ezindaweni zokulahla inqwaba yedolobha. Umfowethu osondelene kakhulu nedwala yinjuba enesifuba esimhlophe. Umehluko omkhulu kufanele ubhekwe njengezimpaphe ezimhlophe esifubeni nasesiswini.
Ihobhe
Kusuka kwamanye amajuba, amajuba ahlukanisa umusa wawo, kanye nengubo yophaphe, ekhanga ngokuvumelana kwayo okuthobekile namaphethini angajwayelekile ayihlobisa, abekwe ngempumelelo kusizinda esinsundu sophiko olukhulu. Izinyoni ezinjalo zitholakala e-Eurasia nase-Afrika.
Izinhlobo ngokwazo zihlukaniswe zaba ama-subspecies amaningana. Kulawa, okuthakazelisa kakhulu, mhlawumbe, ihobhe elincane, elikwazi ukuhleka njengomuntu, okungukuthi, lenza imisindo efanayo. Ngokuthola isici sokuqala sangempela, le subspecies iphawulwa ngabantu.
Ngakho-ke, izinyoni ezinjalo zivame ukubanjwa futhi zigcinwe emakhejini. Ukukhetha abantu abafaneleke kakhulu abanethalente eliqhakazile ukushicilela ukuhleka, abamele uhlanga lwesintu baze bazala enye i-subspecies - ijuba elihlekayo lofudu. Kepha akahlali endle, kepha usecatshangelwa ukuthi usekhaya.
UVyakhir
Lezi zinyoni zikhethe amahlathi ahlanganisiwe nahlangene aseYurophu, lapho kwakhiwa khona izidleke ezihlahleni ezinde. Kumajuba asendle, ngokuvamile angahehi ngosayizi, makhulu kakhulu, afinyelela kuma-40 cm, kanti isisindo sawo sivame ukudlula isigamu sekhilogremu. Emakhazeni asebusika, amajuba ajwayele ukuthuthela e-Afrika, abuyele ezweni lawo kwenye indawo maphakathi no-Mashi.
Ngokushesha kuqala lapha impilo esebenzayo. Abantu abadala bazikhethela ibhangqa elifanele ukuze kuzalwe isizukulwane esisha sezingulube zokhuni. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, izinyoni ziyaqapha futhi zinamahloni ngabantu, zicasha lapho zivela emaqabungeni ezihlahla. Ingubo enophaphe lwezinyoni ezinjalo ikakhulu iphimbo ngokuluhlaza ngokumpunga, isifuba sibomvu.
UKlintukh
Umbala waleli lungu lasendle lomndeni wamajuba uthakazelisa kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala kujwayelekile kumajuba, okumpunga noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha kugcwaliswa ngombala onsomi noluhlaza okotshani endaweni yentamo kanye nemithunzi yombala obomvu we-matte endaweni ye-goiter.
Lezi yizinyoni ezincane, ezingekho ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-32. Zivamile emazweni amaningi aseYurophu nase-Asia, atholakala eNyakatho Afrika. Zakha emahlathini ahlabayo futhi axubekile, zakha izidleke ezihlahleni ezibolile.
Futhi ekuphetheni, siyabona ukuthi okwethulwe izinhlobo zamajuba (esithombeni ungajwayelana nokubukeka kwangaphandle kwalezi zinyoni) ziyingxenye kuphela yazo zonke izinhlobo. Sekukonke, izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amathathu nezinhlobo zezinyoni ezinjalo ezithakazelisayo ziyaziwa.
Futhi siyabona ukuthi intshisekelo yomuntu kulezi zinyoni ezinhle nezinokuthula ayenzi buthaka nhlobo okwamanje. Zonke izinhlobo ezintsha zamajuba asekhaya ziyafuywa. Futhi abantu kaningi bathatha abamele imindeni yasendle ngaphansi kwesivikelo sabo.
